Kill the Boer
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23. The Constitution of South Africa, Section 16(2); Freedom Front v South African Human Rights Commission and Another 2003 (11) BCLR 1283 (SAHRC).
24. Freedom Front v South African Human Rights Commission and Another 2003 (11) BCLR 1283 (SAHRC), 1290 at para G.
25. Freedom Front v South African Human Rights Commission and Another 2003 (11) BCLR 1283 (SAHRC), 1292 at para G.
26. Freedom Front v South African Human Rights Commission and Another 2003 (11) BCLR 1283 (SAHRC), 1297 at para E-F.
27. Freedom Front v South African Human Rights Commission and Another 2003 (11) BCLR 1283 (SAHRC), 1299 at para C-D.
28. Freedom Front v South African Human Rights Commission and Another 2003 (11) BCLR 1283 (SAHRC), 1299 at para D.
29. Freedom Front v South African Human Rights Commission and Another 2003 (11) BCLR 1283 (SAHRC), 1300 at para A.
30. See for example: eNCA. (12 January 2016). Tensions run high at Parys murders; SA Promo Magazine. (2017). Kill the farmer, Kill the Boer sung as whites not allowed to speak at NECR; News24. (18 January 2018). Watch: Another 15 arrested in Hoërskool Overvaal protest.
31. Figures taken from Hermann, D, Van Zyl, C and Nieuwoudt, I (compilers). (2013). Treurgrond: Die realiteit van plaasaanvalle, 1990–2012. Centurion: Kraal Uitgewers.
32. AfriForum. (16 March 2016). Report: Kill the farmer: A brief study on the impact of politics and hate speech on the safety of South African farmers. p. 14.
CHAPTER 15 – SHOOT THE BOER
1. Shivambu, F and Smith, J (Eds). (2014). The coming revolution: Julius Malema and the fight for economic freedom. Johannesburg: Jacana Media. p. 223.
2. Forde, F. (2011). An inconvenient youth: Julius Malema and the ‘new’ ANC. Johannesburg: Picador Africa. p. 62.
3. Trewhela, P. (2009). Inside Quatro. Johannesburg: Jacana Media. p. 4; Jeffery, A. (2009). People’s war: New light on the struggle for South Africa. Johannesburg: Jonathan Ball Publishers. pp. 154–155.
4. Jeffery, A. (2009). People’s war: New light on the struggle for South Africa. Johannesburg: Jonathan Ball Publishers. p. 154–155; Malan, M. (2006). My lewe saam met die SA Weermag. Pretoria: Protea Boekhuis. p. 339.
5. Forde, F. (2011). An inconvenient youth: Julius Malema and the ‘new’ ANC. Johannesburg: Picador Africa. p. 40.
6. Sowetan. (5 May 2008). Child soldier ... to politician.
7. Mail & Guardian. (5 May 2008). Youth league is marked by rhetoric and thugism.
8. Mail & Guardian. (18 June 2008). Malema’s words not a call to arms, says Zuma.
9. Times Live. (18 June 2008). Who is leading the counter-revolution? Julius Malema, that’s who.
10. Times Live. (18 June 2008). Who is leading the counter-revolution? Julius Malema, that’s who.
11. City Press. (27 April 2003). ‘We will stand by Mama, whatever’. Supporters vow to remain loyal to Winnie; Beeld. (25 April 2003). 68 keer skuldig. Cosas sê Winnie is onskuldig; dreig om tronk af te brand; Beeld. (26 April 2003). Winnie se aanhangers vertrap mekaar.
12. Mail & Guardian. (1 May 2009). Malema: Helen Zille a ‘racist little girl’.
13. News24. (30 October 2010). Malema calls Zille a cockroach.
14. Melvern, L. (2004). Conspiracy to murder: The Rwandan genocide. London: Verso. pp. 144, 166, 209–210.
15. Mail & Guardian. (4 November 2010). Motlanthe: Malema’s cockroach insult ‘is bad manners’.
16. IOL. (8 May 2011). Malema: White people are criminals; Socialys.com. (9 May 2011). Malema: White people are criminals – Zuma does nothing.
17. Hanekom, D. (29 February 2012). Julius Malema expelled from ANC – NDC. In Politicsweb.
18. Founding Manifesto of the Economic Freedom Fighters. (Available at https://www.effonline.org/eff-founding-manifesto).
19. Founding Manifesto of the Economic Freedom Fighters. (Available at https://www.effonline.org/eff-founding-manifesto).
20. News24. (14 October 2013). EFF ‘killing’ banner causes outrage.
21. The Citizen. (7 November 2016). We won’t slaughter whites … for now – Malema.
22. Politicsweb. (14 November 2016). No guarantees, if whites don’t give up their land – Julius Malema. See also MNet. Carte Blanche. (12 March 2017). Documentary on farm attacks.
23. Figures taken from Hermann, D, Van Zyl, C and Nieuwoudt, I (compilers). (2013). Treurgrond: Die realiteit van plaasaanvalle, 1990–2012. Centurion: Kraal Uitgewers.
24. AfriForum. (16 March 2017). Report: Kill the farmer: A brief study on the impact of politics and hate speech on the safety of South African farmers. p. 16.
25. Times Live. (4 March 2018). Land in SA was taken through ‘genocide’ and will be returned: Malema.
26. Times Live. (6 April 2018). Occupy land ‘legally’ – Malema.
27. Rapport. (30 July 2017). EFF: Net lafaards vat nie grond nie.
28. eNCA. (31 October 2017). #BlackMonday protesters should ‘get on boats and leave the country’ – EFF.
29. Die Burger. (11 March 2010). Malema se optrede nie haatspraak, sê ANC.
30. Diamond Fields Advertiser. (11 March 2010). Malema faces barrage of complaints.
31. Translated into Afrikaans by Prof. Lionel Posthumus of the University of Johannesburg. Translated from Afrikaans to English by the author. The lyrics were originally translated as ‘They rob, these dogs’; however, in court it became evident that the correct translation is ‘They rape, these dogs’.
32. Die Burger. (11 March 2010). Malema se optrede nie haatspraak, sê ANC.
33. The Sowetan. (11 March 2010). ‘Racist Julius’ faces hate speech charges.
34. News24. (11 March 2010). ANC defends ‘kill the boer’ song.
35. Rapport. (14 March 2010). Malema se struggle-lied oproep tot slagting van Afrikaner.
36. The Times. (15 March 2010). Song ‘not hate speech’.
37. The Citizen. (15 March 2010). Farm murders increase.
38. From Facebook page of Clearance Letlonkane.
39. Volksblad. (17 March 2010). ‘Opdaterings’ van moorde op web gesit.
40. Screenshot taken from the Facebook page of Julius Malema in March 2010.
41. Beeld. (18 March 2010). Skiet die Boere, hoor Pukke.
42. Saturday Star. (20 March 2010). ANC claims anti-Malema protests put his life at risk.
43. Volksblad. (20 March 2010). Malema-veldtog haatspraak – ANC.
44. Pretoria News. (20 March 2010). Malema gets it in the neck from all sides.
45. SABC 3. Interface. (14 March 2010). Live debate.
46. JBay News. (date omitted). R195 million irregular expenditure at National Youth Development Agency.
47. Daily Maverick. (28 March 2014). The truth elusive: Shell House massacre, 20 years later.
48. The details of our meeting with the ANCYL’s leadership on 18 March 2010 were submitted in writing to the Equality Court in preparation for the case. I also gave oral testimony to this during the proceedings.
49. Die Burger. (20 March 2010). Steve Hofmeyr ruk saam op ná Malema met slagting dreig; Volksblad. (20 March 2010). Drama by Luthuli-huis; Beeld. (20 March 2010). Julius dreig jeuggroep.
50. YouTube. (19 March 2010). Video of the events: AfriForum, ANC, police confrontation 19 March. (Available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kccJbeSCUv8).
51. News24. (3 April 2010). Malema sings banned song in Zim.
52. Forde, F. (2011). An inconvenient youth: Julius Malema and the ‘new’ ANC. Johannesburg: Picador Africa. p. 184.
53. The Guardian. (5 April 2010). Eugene Terre’Blanche death stirs up fear and anger in South Africa.
54. Unpublished transcript of the proceedings of AfriForum and Another v Malema and Others 2011 (6) SA 240 (EqC).
55. Unpublished transcript of the proceedings of AfriForum and Another v Malema and Others 2011 (6) SA 240 (EqC).
56. AfriForum and Another v Malema and Others 2011 (6) SA 240 (EqC) at para 35.
57. AfriForum and Another v Malema and Others 2011 (6) SA
240 (EqC) at para 109.
58. Forde, F. (2011). An inconvenient youth: Julius Malema and the ‘new’ ANC. Johannesburg: Picador Africa. pp. 180–181; News24. (3 April 2010). Eugene Terre’Blanche murdered.
59. Mail & Guardian. (4 April 2010). Terre’Blanche killed after row with workers.
60. IOL. (6 April 2010). I’m ready to die, says emotional Malema.
61. Mail & Guardian. (4 April 2010). Terre’Blanche killed after row with workers.
62. The Guardian. (22 May 2012). Eugene Terre’Blanche murder: Farmworker found guilty.
63. Daily Maverick. (23 May 2012). ET murder: The judgment day.
64. BBC News. (22 May 2012). Eugene Terre’Blanche murder: South African man found guilty.
65. The Guardian. (5 April 2010). Eugene Terre’Blanche death stirs up fear and anger in South Africa.
66. The Guardian. (5 April 2010). Eugene Terre’Blanche death stirs up fear and anger in South Africa.
67. Mail & Guardian. (10 October 2011). Terre’Blanche court proceedings kick off in Ventersdorp.
68. Irish Times. (7 April 2010). Racial tensions run high at court attendance of Terre’Blanche suspects.
69. IOL. (7 April 2010). Terre’Blanche suspect gets hero send-off.
70. The Guardian. (6 April 2010). Terre’Blanche murder suspects face charges amid tense scenes outside court.
71. Sowetan. (7 April 2010). Youth hail murder accused as a hero.
72. The Star. (7 April 2012). Supremacist’s murder: ‘Guys who killed him are our heroes’.
73. Mail & Guardian. (23 August 2012). Terre’Blanche verdict sparks racial protests.
74. Video of Malema’s press conference. (8 April 2010). Julius Malema on revolutionary songs. (Available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CQWVmZpLCJM).
75. Video of Malema’s press conference. (8 April 2010). Julius Malema on revolutionary songs. (Available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CQWVmZpLCJM).
76. AfriForum. (18 January 2018). EFF protesters chanted ‘white man, you must die!’ – AfriForum. In Politicsweb; Pretoria News. (29 January 2018). Minister’s actions say a lot about his mindset.
77. AfriForum. (18 January 2018). EFF protesters chanted ‘white man, you must die!’ – AfriForum. In Politicsweb.
78. AfriForum. (7 February 2018). Media statement: AfriForum reports EFF at the Equality Court in relation to hate speech.
79. Beeld. (26 January 2018). ‘One bullet, een Boerekind’.
80. Figures taken from Hermann, D, Van Zyl, C and Nieuwoudt, I (compilers). (2013). Treurgrond: Die relaiteit van plaasaanvalle, 1990–2012. Centurion: Kraal Uitgewers.
81. AfriForum. (16 March 2017). Report: Kill the farmer: A brief study on the impact of politics and hate speech on the safety of South African farmers. p. 21.
CHAPTER 16 – MEDIA COMPLICITY
1. News24. (15 October 2017). Heroic farmer shot dead while defending girls.
2. Maroela Media. (23 October 2017). Jong man op Vrystaat-plaas doodgeskiet; OFM. (26 October 2017). Kyle Stols se broer vra, kom beleef alle vermoorde slagoffers se geliefdes se ‘seer’.
3. Maroela Media. (24 October 2017). Boer op Wes-Kaap-plaas doodgeskiet.
4. News24. (15 October 2017). Heroic farmer shot dead while defending girls.
5. Maroela Media. (25 October 2017). Vrystaat-plaasmoord: ‘In sy laaste oomblikke was hy alleen.’
6. YouTube. (24 October 2017). Video: Vermoorde boer se vrou stort hart uit. (Available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCU-Q49HWXQ).
7. Loubser, C. (25 October 2017). Video clip. (Available at https://youtu.be/xlURmL2x5cl).
8. MNet. Carte Blanche. (5 November 2017). Documentary on farm attacks.
9. MNet. Carte Blanche. (5 November 2017). Documentary on farm attacks.
10. MNet. Carte Blanche. (5 November 2017). Documentary on farm attacks.
11. AfriForum’s Facebook page. (30 October 2017). Video recording of Black Monday
12. Tweet by Fikile Mbalula. (30 October 2017). @MbalulaFikile.
13. Tweet by Nickolaus Bauer. (30 October 2017). @NickolausBauer.
14. MNet. Carte Blanche. (5 November 2017). Documentary on farm attacks.
15. Tweet by Nickolaus Bauer. (30 October 2017). @NickolausBauer.
16. Facebook. (12 November 2017). Video of Chris Chameleon. (Available at https://www.facebook.com/AfriForumNasionaal/videos/1702034889828403/).
17. eNCA. (31 October 2017). Panel discussion on Black Monday and farm murders.
18. eNCA. (31 October 2017). Panel discussion on Black Monday and farm murders.
19. eNCA. (31 October 2017). Panel discussion on Black Monday and farm murders.
20. eNCA. (31 October 2017). Panel discussion on Black Monday and farm murders.
21. eNCA. (31 October 2017). Panel discussion on Black Monday and farm murders.
22. eNCA. (31 October 2017). Panel discussion on Black Monday and farm murders.
23. eNCA. (31 October 2017). Panel discussion on Black Monday and farm murders.
24. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 11.
25. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 10.
26. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 12.
27. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 13.
28. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 13.
29. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 13.
30. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 13.
31. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 13.
32. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 14.
33. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 14.
34. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 14.
35. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 15.
36. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 15.
37. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 16.
38. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 16.
39. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 17.
40. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 18.
41. AfriForum. (June 2018). Report: Complicity: A critical evaluation of the mainstream media’s reporting of incidents of violence on South African farms. p. 20.
42. Media Monitoring Project. (2006).
Revealing race: An analysis of the coverage of race and xenophobia in the South African print media. p. 2.
43. Media Monitoring Project. (2006). Revealing race: An analysis of the coverage of race and xenophobia in the South African print media. p. 32.
CHAPTER 17 – HOW FARM ATTACKS WERE DROPPED FROM THE AGENDA
1. Burger, J and Boshoff, H. (3 December 2008). The state’s response to crime and public security in South Africa. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies. p. 9.
2. National Crime Prevention Strategy. (1996). p. 2.
3. National Crime Prevention Strategy. (1996). p. 2.
4. Burger, J and Boshoff, H. (3 December 2008). The state’s response to crime and public security in South Africa. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies. p. 9.
5. Statistics of TAU SA.
6. Burger, J. (November 2012). From rural protection to rural safety: How government changed its priorities. In Report by the Solidarity Research Institute. An overview of farm attacks in South Africa and the potential impact thereof on society. pp. 58–71 at p. 63.
7. Schönteich, M and Steinberg, J. (2000). Attacks on farms and smallholdings: An evaluation of the Rural Protection Plan. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies. Also quoted in Burger, J. (November 2012). From rural protection to rural safety: How government changed its priorities. In Report by the Solidarity Research Institute. An overview of farm attacks in South Africa and the potential impact thereof on society. pp. 58–71 at p. 63.
8. Schönteich, M and Steinberg, J. (2000). Attacks on farms and smallholdings: An evaluation of the Rural Protection Plan. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies. pp. 20–22.
9. Schönteich, M and Steinberg, J. (2000). Attacks on farms and smallholdings: An evaluation of the Rural Protection Plan. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies. p. 21.
10. Burger, J and Boshoff, H. (3 December 2008). The state’s response to crime and public security in South Africa. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies. p. 12.
11. Report of the Committee of Inquiry into Farm Attacks. (31 July 2003). Criminal Justice Monitor. p. 3.
12. Report of the Committee of Inquiry into Farm Attacks. (31 July 2003). Criminal Justice Monitor. p. 3.
13. Mandela, N. (10 October 1998). Speech at the Summit on Rural Safety and Security; South African Human Rights Commission. (2014). Report: National investigative hearing into safety and security challenges in farming communities. p. 2.