Blood of Spain_An Oral History of the Spanish Civil War
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Margeli,* Ernesto, cabinet-maker (CNT), Aragon, 351–7 passim, 391–2, 393
Marín, Juan, building worker (CNT–FAI), Andalusia, 98
Márquez, Andrés, civil servant (left republican youth), Madrid, 79, 334, 507, 527
Martín, Lazaro, medium-holding peasant, Aragon, 353–5 passim
Martín,* León, mechanic (CNT), Andalusia, 51, 52
Martínez, Father Alejandro [M], Madrid/Asturias, 103, 418, 419–21, 422–5 passim, 526
Martínez, Dr Carlos, ex-parliamentary deputy (radical-socialist), Asturias, 69–70, 241, 246, 423–4, 484, 524
Martínez,* Juan, medium-holding peasant, Aragon, 360–61, 392
Martínez, Misael, miner (UGT–PSOE), Asturias, 251–2
Martínez, Régulo, teacher (left republican) [M], Madrid, 54, 73–5, 174–6, 259–60, 265–6, 267–8, 270, 454, 455, 460, 488, 510, 528
Masribera,* Eulalia, student librarian, Catalonia, 443, 482
Mata, José, miner (UGT–PSOE), Asturias, 100, 245, 251, 253, 425, 426–30 passim, 556
Maururi,* Jon, student (PNV), Vizcaya, 193
Medina, Rafael, Duke of Medinaceli, industrialist (FE), Andalusia, 49–50, 56n., 108, 158
Mera,*José, teacher (UGT: PCE), Madrid, 263, 264, 509
Mérida,*Luis, lawyer (CEDA: FE), Andalusia, 161, 162
Mestres,* Joan, sub-manager insurance office (CEDA), Catalonia, 473–5, 493n.
Michelena, Luis, clerk (PNV), Guipúzcoa/Vizcaya, 189, 190, 397, 409, 412n., 536, 538 and n.
Millan,* Alvaro, sales representative(PSOE), Andalusia, 163
Millán,* José, small-holding peasant (UGT–PSOE), New Castile, 580, 581
Miravitlles, Jaume, Generalitat deputy (Esquerra), Catalonia, 141–2, 145–6, 149–50, 181, 184, 350n., 382n., 385–6, 440
Miret Magdalena, Enrique, student (Catholic Youth), Madrid, 298–300, 501, 527
Mora, Tomás, chemist shop assistant (UGT–PSOE) [M], Madrid, 49, 461–5, 504, 508
Morales,* Josefa, secretary, Madrid, 261, 269
Moreno,* Anita, seamstress (JSU–C), Andalusia, 164
Moreno,* Fernando, public prosecutor, Madrid, 177–8
Moreno, Juan, day labourer (CNT) [M], Andalusia, 94–7
Moutas, José María, parliamentary deputy (CEDA), Asturias, 249n.
Moya,* Pablo, turner (UGT), Madrid, 262, 458, 488, 501
Narcea,* Juan, mining engineer’s son, Asturias, 431–3
Nárdiz, Gonzalo, politician (ANV), Vizcaya, 192, 397 and n., 402, 408–9, 540
Navarro, Angel, small-holding peasant (CNT), Aragon, 359–62 passim
Núñez, Miguel, student (FUE:JSU:PCE) [M], Madrid, 291–3, 324–5, 493, 509
Ochoa, María, tailor’s daughter, Catalonia, 152
Orad de la Torre, Urbano, retired army officer (PSOE), Madrid, 53, 72, 76, 77, 78, 103 and n., 568n., 572
Ozamiz, Ignacia, housewife, Vizcaya, 398, 399–401, 402, 438n.
Ozcoidi, Mario, civil servant (Carlist), Navarre, 53–4, 70–71, 541
Palma,* Justina, pasta-maker (JSU–C) Madrid, 286
Pañeda, Anselmo, miner (UGT–PSOE), Asturias, 251, 254
Partaloa,* Francisco, public prosecutor, Madrid/Andalusia, 274–7, 308
Pastor, Alberto, farmer (FE–JONS) [M], Old Castile, 55, 86–9, 168–9, 320, 511
Pastor,* Sevilla, medium-holding peasant (CNT–FIJL), Aragon, 352–6 passim, 393
Pérez, Antonio, student (JSU–S: PCE) [M], Madrid/Levant, 80, 103, 332, 385, 494–8, 501, 509, 563
Pérez, José Antonio, civil servant’s son, Valencia, 477–8
Pérez-Baró, Albert, civil servant, Catalonia 151n., 227, 232–3, 236, 346, 575 and n.
Plaza, Encarnación, doctor’s daughter Madrid, 459, 502
Polanco, Jesús de, dairy manager’s son, Madrid, 44, 456
Pons Prades, Eduardo, woodworker’s son (CNT), Catalonia, 64, 137, 139, 150, 221, 222, 377, 378–9, 441–2, 454
Portela, Luis, printworker (POUM), Madrid/Valencia, 44, 340n., 384n., 385 and n.
Posadas,* Felipe, sharecropper’s son, Andalusia, 519, 520
Posadas,* Juan, baker, Andalusia, 308
Prada,* Maximiano, printworker (JAP), Old Castile, 84–5
Puebla de Parga, Marquess de, student (monarchist), Madrid, 79, 195, 527
Pumar, Prudencio, lawyer, Andalusia, 278–9
Quintanar,* Pedro, industrialist, Andalusia, 163
Quero,* María Carmen, parliamentary deputy’s daughter, Andalusia, 301–4
Rey, Mario, carpenter (FE–JONS), Madrid, 76, 78, 187
Riba,* Pere, civil servant (PSUC–S), Catalonia, 375, 377–8
Ribas, Antonio, factory worker (UGT–PSUC), Catalonia, 578
Ridruejo, Dionisio, student (FE), Old Castile, 89, 166, 283, 310, 313–20 passim, 469–71, 484–5, 512, 557
Robles, Manuel, printworker (STV–PNV), Vizcaya, 192, 540
Robusté, Josep, book-keeper (syndicalist party), Catalonia, 41, 63, 66, 225, 546
Rodríguez,* Paulino, miner (UGT–PSOE), Asturias, 242, 422–3, 425, 426–30 passim
Rodríguez,* Ricardo, student (PCE), Madrid/Levant, 491
Rodríguez Ania, Juan, policeman’s son, Asturias, 434
Roig,* Joan, factory manager, Catalonia, 139, 147–8, 226–7
Roig Llop, Tomás, lawyer (Lliga Catalana) [M], Catalonia, 83, 443–5, 480–81, 529, 532, 533, 535–6
Román,* Victoria, student (FUE), Madrid, 40, 260, 264
Rosado, Antonio, quarry-worker (CNT), Andalusia, 371n.
Rosel, Antonio, foundryman (PCE), Aragon 369–70, 391
Royo, Macario, small-holding peasant (CNT), Aragon, 337, 339, 349–50 and n., 354, 358, 392
Rubial, Ramón, turner (UGT–PSOE), Vizcaya, 193, 403, 404, 408, 539, 555, 556–7
Ruiz, Timoteo, small-holding peasant’s son (JSU–S:PCE) [M], Toledo/Madrid, 255–8, 327, 391 and n., 480, 482, 510–11, 516, 583–5
Saínz Rodríguez, Pedro, parliamentary deputy (monarchist), Madrid/Old Castile, 109 and n., 126–7, 526, 568
Salazar, Pedro, army officer (monarchist), Old Castile, 565
Saler,* Ricardo, student (JSU–C), Madrid, 333–4, 490
Saña, Juan, fitter (CNT), Catalonia, 224
Sánchez,* Faustino, student (FE), Asturias, 246n.
Sánchez,* Fernando, ploughman, Old Castile, 84, 282
Sánchez,* Juana, railwayman’s wife, Andalusia, 159
Sánchez, Manuel, cabinet-maker (PCE), Asturias, 251, 253
Sánchez, Rafael, art professor, Madrid, 177
Sandoval, José, draughtsman (PCE), Madrid, 266, 325, 332, 557, 558, 561, 563
Sangroniz,* Juana (Carlist), Vizcaya, 399, 400–401 and n.
Sanpedro,* Francisco, student (FUE), Madrid, 76, 77, 510
Santacana,* Luis, textile worker (CNT), Catalonia, 130–9, 217, 218–19
Sanz, Ricardo, textile worker (CNT–FAI), Catalonia, 62, 110, 111, 112, 135, 336, 380, 545–6, 548n.
Segovia,* Emilio, sandal manufacturer (PSOE), Aragon, 358
Serrahima, Maurici, lawyer (Unió Democrática), Catalonia, 153–4, 529
Solana,* María, herbalist (JSU–C), Madrid, 286, 288, 504
Solano, Wilebaldo, student (POUM), Catalonia, 101, 120, 341–2, 343, 344, 380, 381, 384, 562
Solé Barberá, Josep, lawyer (PSUC), Catalonia, 227–8 and n., 323, 346, 481
Soler,* Marisa, teacher (PCE), Madrid, 294–295
Solera,* Major Jaime, staff officer, Madrid, 118, 489, 500
Solis,* Roberto, student, Andalusia, 97–8, 162, 308
Súarez,* Pedro, clerk (JSU–C, MAOC), Madrid, 49, 77, 99, 116, 177
Suñer,* Joaquín, grocer’s son (FE), Old Castile, 282–3
Tafalla,* Fernando, student (PCE), Madrid, 79, 257n.
Torre, Lt Julio de la, Foreign Legion, Melilla, 48, 570–71
Torres,* Dr Antonio, Catalonia, 482
Trueta, Prof. Josep, surgeon, Catalonia, 62, 148–9, 151n., 442–3
> Tudela,* Carmen, secretary (PCE), New Castile, 488n.
Unamuno, Felisa, Salamanca, 205–8
Unamuno, Rafael, Salamanca, 208
Valgañon, Ricardo, foundryman (PCE), Vizcaya, 56–7, 194
Vallès, Edmón, student, Catalonia, 376
Vázquez, Julián, tailor (PCE), Madrid, 54, 58, 93, 261, 268, 492
Vázquez-Prada, Ricardo, journalist (FE), Asturias, 248, 249, 251, 253
Vega,* Rosa, teacher (PCE), Madrid, 286, 435–7, 484
Vegas Latapié, Eugenio, editor Acción Española (monarchist), Madrid/Old Castile, 108–9 and n., 168, 202, 204, 206–7, 469–70 and n., 574
Venegas, Dionisio, teacher (UGT), Andalusia, 305–7
Vergara, José, IRA delegate, agricultural ministry official, Toledo/Madrid, 93, 259, 458–9, 502, 515, 516n., 517n.
Vitoria,* Alejandro, civil servant (JSU–S: PSUC), Catalonia, 67, 137, 389
Vivancos, Pilar de, smallholder’s daughter (CNT), Aragon, 288–9
Zafón, Juan, advertising agent (CNT), Aragon, 344n., 350 and n.
General Index
The page references in this index correspond to the printed edition from which this ebook was created. To find a specific word or phrase from the index, please use the search feature of your ebook reader.
Abad de Santillán, Diego, 112, 181n., 190, 548n.
on need for economic organization, 551
argues against libertarian dictatorship, 112
arms in rear, 135n.
and supplies committee, 143
opposed to collectivization, 212n.
and loan to Generalitat, 234
ABC, Madrid (republican), 105
ABC, Seville (monarchist), 47, 154, 203, 278
Acción Española (monarchist), 109, 168
Acción Nacionalista Vasca (ANV), 192, 397, 532n.
differences with PNV, 540–41
Agrarian Reform, 42, 60, 552
law ‘unworkable’, 93
law gives ownership to state, 96
government takes over 600,000 hectares, 99
bourgeoisie’s fear of, 99, 517, 518, 519
CNT hostility to, 519
details of, 513
problems of, 515
‘requires social revolution,’ 516
and Landworkers Federation, 552
in Toledo, 515–16 and n.
in Los Navalmorales de Pusa, 256, 516
in Santa Cruz, 280, 519
collectivist v. individualist, 520 and n.
those eligible, 516n.
labourers ‘unsuited to become farmers’, 517–18
Catalan industrial bourgeoisie, 518
Catalan agrarian reform, 518
fear of rural unrest drives government, 521
in Popular Front pact, 560
amount of land distributed, 521; and after Popular Front victory, 521
and peasantry, 521
during war, 325, 328
decree, 347, 372
land taken over, 373n.
Agrarian Reform Institute, 93, 95, 373n.
budget of, 517n.
Agriculture:
land invasions, 45, 92, 94, 98, 99; ‘labourers met with bullets’, 98
land ownership, 36–7, 513; and nobility, 93, 514
conditions for, 37
Castilian peasant wheat producers, 83, 281
as employers of labour, 282
strikes (May-July, 1936), 93–4
farmers stop planting, 94
landowners’ ‘boycott’, 517
socialist decrees, 517n.
necessity for reform of, 513
‘semi-feudal’ nature of, 514 and n.
Agrupación Escolar Tradicionalista (AET), 124n.
Aguirre, José Antonio, 192–3, 408–9
elected head of Basque government, 192, 398
war aims of, 396n.
commander-in-chief, 402
and Basque allegiances, 412n.
Air force, republican, 175n.
Alava, 57n.
Albacete:
in military rising, 106n.
Albatera (Alicante), concentration camp, 507
Alberti, Rafael, 292, 456
Alcalá Zamora, Niceto, 40, 41, 524
Alcañiz (Teruel) 133, 353
Alcorisa (Teruel), 133, 352, 359
Alfaro (Logroño), 122
Alfonso XII, King of Spain:
Bourbon restoration, 36
Alfonso XIII, King of Spain, 148
Alfonso Carlos, Carlist pretender, 104 and n.
Algeciras (Cádiz), 65, 432 and n.
Alicante, 198, 199, 502–7
end of war, 502–7
Allende, Salvador, 98
Alloza (Teruel) (see also Collectivization, agrarian), 358–62
agriculture in, 358, 373
and politics, 358
in military rising, 358
repression, 358–9
Almeria, 302, 515n.
Almirante Cervera (nationalist cruiser), 241, 423–4
Alpert, M., 464n., 564n., 565n., 570n.
Alto del León, 116, 171, 177, 320
captured by insurgents, 116
Alvares, Melquiades:
assassination, 176
Alvarez del Vayo, Julio, 492, 494n.
Alzina, J., 531n., 533n.
Anarchism:
origins in Spain, 38
growth of, 39 and n.
Bolshevik Triennium, 38, 95
Anarcho-syndicalists (see also CNT):
rural collectives, 95, 96–7
criticizes agrarian reform decree, 372
‘bread and hatred’, 96
rural hatred of bourgeoisie, 96, 97, 367
attitude towards money, 66, 97
and republic, 68
bourgeoisie ‘dispensable with’, 96, 545
and politics, 97, 213, 216
under republic, 97
and government, 214
and clergy, 68
anti-militarism of, 120, 337, 338
and theft, 152
and religious objects, 153, 156
and violence, 215
sobriety of, 215
and wages, 218
orders, 223
and Soviet Union, 230–31
puritanism, 288–9
and women’s social role, 365
‘authoritarian marxism’, 340
force and libertarian ideals, 349–50 and n.
libertarian communism, 351, 354, 355
and money, 354
and bars, 354
CNT and peasantry, 364
fear of ‘stab in the back’, 394
loss of purpose, 454
‘defeat better than victory’, 506
differentiated aims of, 542
anarchist views, 543
syndicalist views, 543–4
concept of revolution, 545; and state, 545
hostility to intellectuals, 547
damage of ‘pure trade unionism’, 549
Andalusia, 50, 92, 129–32, 145, 155–7, 204, 277
day labourers, 80
agricultural situation, spring 1936, 94n.
Andrade, Juan, 231n., 233, 341
Angüés (Huesca), 367
Anti-clericalism:
in 19th century, 36
popular hatred of church, 419
slaughter of priests, 419
in Castilian village, 88, 282
and education, 151–2, 527n.
and republic, 299
of Catholics, 300
as ‘anti-body’, 525
Anti-fascist militia committee:
creation of, 111, 142
decrees, 142 and n.
representation on, 142 and n.
organization of, 143
and power, 143, 179, 180
controlled by libertarians, 143, 340
sets up supply committee (q.v.), 143
and assassinations, 146
dissolved, 186, 341
Anti-fasci
st women’s organization:
workshops, 290
Antón, Francisco, 462
Antonov-Ovsëenko, Vladimir, 145, 385
Aragon (see also Council of Aragon), 119, 120, 132–6, 348–51
and militia advance, 348, 350n.
and peasantry, 133
revolution in, 133
CNT in, 348
agriculture in, 348 and n.; wheat crop (1936), 356; olive crop (1937), 356
‘colonization’ of, 350
arrest of libertarians, 392; reaction of CNT troops, 393
Arana, Sabino, 532n.
condemns Basque-Spanish marriage, 539n.
Aranda, Col. (later Gen.) Antonio, 70, 237, 247–54 passim
and miners to Madrid, 70, 251, 253
leads rising in Oviedo, 70, 72, 238, 239
first broadcast, 238
and number of volunteers, 247; fire power, 247
ends fraternization, 248
right-wing confidence in, 249 and n.
promoted general, 254n.
Aranda de Duero (Burgos), 122, 165
Areilza, José María de, 409n.
Armed workers’ patrols, 150n., 153
and expropriations, 144
assassinations by, 150
composition of, 150n.
dissolution of, 376
‘no longer revolutionary’, 376
Army:
in 19th century, 36, 564
defeats of, 564
and Primo de Rivera dictatorship, 564 and n.
strength of (1931), 564
strength of (1936), 570n.
and advent of republic, 564
Azaña reforms, 42, 564–6, 568
right-wing officers’ attitude to new regime, 568
africanistas, 565–6 and n., 570
promotions in, 566 and n.
and Azaña, 566n.
law, order, separatism, 566, 570
social origins of officer corps, 566
and Sanjurjo rising, 568
anti-Catalan sentiment in, 568n.
nation’s ‘spinal column’, 569
political offenders not called up, 569n.
senior officers unwilling to act against government, 570
generals meet in Madrid, 570
officers and Falange, 571
‘communists and masons’, 571
barracks committees in, 571–2
officer corps suspected of conspiring, 83
rising takes shape after 1936 elections, 90
planned risings April, May 1936, 90, 570
officers insulted for not rising, 90, 572, 574
doubts about its rising, 99
bourgeoisie’s trust in, 45, 90
to restore ‘old way’, 102
peninsular officer corps not yet prepared to rise, 572
officers without instructions for rising, 574
in rising, 118n.