GRG 5/2/1855/431 25 June 1855, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1855/431 1 July 1855, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1855/431 25 June 1855, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1855/431 1 July 1855, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1855/431 1 August 1855, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1855/431 n.d, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1855/455, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1857/748, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1867/1817, SRSA.
Ibid.
Ibid.
GRG 5/2/1860/940, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1861/361.5, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1855/725, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1858/585, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1858/842, SRSA.
Copies of General Orders, No. 23 of 1853, GRG 5/28, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1869/792, SRSA.
Frederick Hayward, ‘Reminiscences of Johnson Frederick Hayward’, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of Australasia, South Australian Branch, 29 (1929): p. 131.
Samuel Stuckey, ‘Reminiscences’, undated, A 1083 A, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1861/980, SRSA.
Register, 16 August 1864.
‘Report of the Select Committee on Aborigines (British Settlements)’, pp. 85–86.
GRG 5/2/1857/195.5, SRSA.
Report of the Select Committee of the Legislative Council upon the Aborigines, 3, no. 165 (1860), p. 4.
GRG 5/2/1863/306, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1863/197, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1863/306 encl. 1167, SRSA.
Ibid.
Ibid.
GRG 5/2/1863/306 encl. 1262, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1870/331, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1858/109, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1863/306 encl. 1590, SRSA.
Ibid.
GRG 291/1/1864/2, SRSA.
Ibid.
Register, 19 May 1865; GRG 5/2/1865/714, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1865/714 and 1549, SRSA.
Register, 13 October 1865.
Register 23 November 1865.
Register 13 December 1865.
Register 9 December 1865.
Register 13 December 1865.
Rodney Cockburn, Pastoral Pioneers of South Australia, Adelaide Stock and Station Journal (1923–1925), ed. Dorothy Adlersey, South Australian State Library, Adelaide, Vol. 2, p. 175.
Ibid.
Ibid.
GRG 5/2/1866/56 and GRG 5/2/1868/1338, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1866/56, SRSA.
Ibid.
Cockburn, Vol. 2, p. 175.
Ibid.
GRG 5/2/1863/197, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1863/1866, SRSA.
Register, 10 June 1882.
Philip Jones, Ochre and Rust: Artefacts and Encounters on Australian Frontiers, Wakefield Press, Adelaide, 2007, p. 367–68.
Ibid.
Christine Stevens, White Man’s Dreaming: Killalpaninna Mission 1866–1915, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1994, p. 45.
Stevens, p. 48–9.
Stevens, p. 50.
Stevens, p. 54–55.
GRG 5/2/1873/753, SRSA.
Cited in Stevens, p. 55.
GRG 5/2/1867/633, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1870/319, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1871/468, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1871/537, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1869/1491, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1873/1103, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1873/753, SRSA.
GRG 5/2/1866/56, SRSA.
Register, 30 December 1865.
Register, 5 September 1866.
Register, 5 September 1866.
Gordon Reid, A Picnic with the Natives: Aboriginal-European Relations in the Northern Territory to 1910, Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1990, pp. 62–66.
GRG 5/2/1874/261, SRSA.
William Willshire, The Aborigines of Central Australia, C E Bristow, Adelaide, 1891, p. 33.
Amanda Nettelbeck and Robert Foster, In the Name of the Law: William Willshire and Policing of the Australian Frontier, Wakefield Press, Adelaide, 2007.
Advertiser, 20 February 1878.
Ibid.
John Brown, Diary, 16 December 1835 – 12 January 1836, SLSA PRG 1002/2.
Advertiser, 29 December 1871.
Chapter 8: Paving the way back
Stephen Turner, ‘Settlement as Forgetting’ in Klaus Neumann, Nicholas Thomas and Hilary Ericksen, eds., Quicksands: Foundational Histories in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand, University of New South Wales Press, Sydney, 1999, p. 23–26; Deborah Bird Rose, ‘Hard Times: An Australian Study’ in Neumann, Thomas and Ericksen, eds., p. 11.
See for instance Chris Healy, In the Ruins of Colonialism: History as Social Memory, Cambridge University Press, 1997; Bain Attwood, Telling the Truth about Aboriginal History, Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 2005; Foster, Hosking and Nettelbeck, 2001.
J.C.R. Camm & J. McQuilton, eds., Australians: An Historical Atlas, Fairfax, Syme & Weldon, Sydney, 1987, p. 146.
J.B. Hirst, The Sentimental Nation: The Making of the Australian Commonwealth, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 2000, pp. 36–44.
C.M.H. Clark, A History of Australia, Vol 5: The People Make Laws, Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1987, pp. 129–131.
Russell McGregor, Imagined Destinies: Aboriginal Australians and the Doomed Race Theory 1880–1939, Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1997.
E. Stirling, ‘Ethnology in Australia’, Adelaide Observer, 29 December 1894.
For instance, Adelaide Observer, 17 September, 1 October 1898, 5 November 1898, 8 September & 13 October 1900.
Minutes of Evidence on the Aborigines Bill, South Australian Parliamentary Papers, 1899, 2, 77, p. 99–101.
Adelaide Observer, 24 July 1886.
Sianan Healy, ‘Years ago some lived here: Aboriginal Australians and the Production of Popular Culture, History and Identity in 1930s Victoria’. Australian Historical Studies 37, no. 128 (2006), p. 21.
Register, 30 May 1885.
Adelaide Observer, 6 June 1885; South Australian Register, 30 May 1885 & 14 January 1887.
Nettelbeck and Foster, In the Name of the Law.
Advertiser, 29 December 1891; 29 December 1899; 29 December 1903.
Advertiser, 30 December 1890.
Advertiser, 29 December 1891.
Advertiser, 29 December 1893.
Advertiser, 29 December 1914.
Advertiser, 28 December 1909.
Advertiser, 28 December 1914.
Advertiser, 28 December 1920.
Advertiser, 28 December 1914.
Advertiser, 30 December 1890.
Advertiser, 29 December 1914.
For instance, J.F. Conigrave, South Australia: A Sketch of its History and Resources, London, 1886; W.F. Morrison, The Aldine History of South Australia, Sydney & Adelaide, 1890; E. Hodder, The History of South Australia from its Foundation to the Years of its Jubilee, London, 1893.
W. Harcus, South Australia: Its History, Resources and Productions, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington, London, 1976, p. 2.
Foster, Hosking and Nettelbeck, Fatal Collisions, pp. 20–24.
J.B. Hirst, ‘The Pioneer Legend’, pp. 114–115.
Bain Attwood, Telling the Truth About Aboriginal History, pp. 14–16.
Bull, p. 130.
Bull, pp. 131–141.
See for instance ‘A Native Massacre’ by ‘A South Australian’, from the Adelaide Observer, republished by the Register 7 September 1868, pp. 3–4.
Robert Dixon, Writing the Colonial Adventure, Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, 1996; Melissa Bellanta, ‘Fabulating the Australian Desert: Australia’s Lost Race Romances 1890–1908’, Philament December 2007.
Foster, Hosking and Nettelbeck, p. 51.
GRG 24/6/1849/1404, SRSA.
Foster, Hosking and Nettelbeck, p. 53.
Simpson Newland, Paving the Way: A Romance of the Australian Bush, Gay & Bird, London, 1893, p. 70.
Hayward, ‘Reminiscences’, pp. 137–40.
GRG 52/1/1885/150, SRSA.
William Benstead, ‘Short Stories of my Life and Travels’, typescript, n.d., private coll
ection, p. 11.
Alexander Buchanan, ‘Diary of a Journey Overland from Sydney to Adelaide with Sheep, July-December 1939’, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of Australasia, South Australian Branch, 23 (1924): pp. 51–76.
Chapter 9: The great Australian whispering
Observer, 6 February 1909.
Derek Whitelock with Tony Baker, Adelaide: A Sense of Difference, Wakefield Press, Adelaide, 1985; rpt. Australian Scholarly Publishing, Melbourne, 2000.
Adelaide Observer, 6 February 1909.
Protector’s Report for the Year ending 30 June 1908 (transcription), South Australian Museum, p. 3.
Protector’s Report for the Year ending, 30 June 1909 (transcription), South Australian Museum, p. 3.
Regulations under the Aborigines Act 1911, para 1–5, gazetted on 10 May 1917.
John Chesterman and Brian Galligan, Citizens Without Rights: Aborigines and Australian Citizenship, Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, 1997.
Reverend John Blacket, History of South Australia: A Romantic and Successful Experiment in Colonization. 2nd Edition. Hussey and Gillingham, Adelaide, 1911, pp. 159–160.
Blacket, pp. 163–165.
Alan Powell, Far Country: A Short History of the Northern Territory, Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1982, pp. 179–180.
Adelaide Observer, 6 February 1909.
Cockburn’s entry on Alexander Buchanan is typical in this respect: Cockburn, vol. 1, p. 188.
Julian Thomas, ‘A History of Beginnings’ in Klaus Neumann, Nicholas Thomas and Hilary Ericksen, eds., p. 118.
Thomas, ‘A History of Beginnings’, pp. 120–23.
Julian Thomas, ‘1938: Past and Present in an Elaborate Anniversary’, Australian Historical Studies, 23, no. 91 (1988).
Nicholas Thomas, ‘The Uses of Captain Cook: Early Exploration in the Public History of Aotearoa New Zealand’ in Annie Coombes, ed., Rethinking settler colonialism: history and memory in Australia, Canada, Aotearoa New Zealand and South Africa, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 2006, p. 149.
Mail, 28 November 1936.
Mail, 7 November 1936.
Adelaide Chronicle, 17 December 1936.
Adelaide Chronicle, 17 December 1936.
Charles Sturt, Two expeditions into the interior of Southern Australia, London, 1833, vol. II: 105–108.
Advertiser, 23 December 1936; Mail, 19 December 1936.
Advertiser, 26 December 1936.
‘Wanderers of the Wasteland’, Advertiser, Special Centenary issue, 1 September 1936.
The Centenary History of South Australia, Royal Geographical Society: South Australian Branch, Adelaide, 1936, p. 22.
Gavin Souter, ‘Skeleton at the Feast’, in Australians 1938, Fairfax, Syme & Weldon, Broadway, NSW, 1987, p. 14.
Ibid., pp. 14–18.
Ibid., p. 18.
Attwood and Marcus, Struggle for Aboriginal Rights, illustration 11.
Jack Horner and Marcia Langton, ‘The Day of Mourning’, in B. Gammage and P. Spearitt, eds, Australians 1938, Fairfax, Syme and Weldon, Sydney, 1987, p. 34.
Attwood and Marcus, Struggle for Aboriginal Rights, pp. 58–64; 118–122.
Michael Roe, ‘A Model Aboriginal State, Aboriginal History, 10, no. 1 (1986), pp. 40–44.
Christobel Mattingley and Ken Hampton, eds. Survival in Our Own Land: ‘Aboriginal’ Experiences in ‘South Australia’ since 1836, told by Nungas and Others, Hodder and Stoughton, Sydney, 1992, p. 57.
Richard Broome, ‘Aboriginal Histories, Australian Histories, and the Law’ in Bain Attwood, ed., In the Age of Mabo: History, Aborigines and Australia, Allen and Unwin, Sydney, 1996,p. 62.
Commonwealth of Australia, Initial Conference of Commonwealth and State Aboriginal Authorities, April 1937, Commonwealth Government Printer: Canberra, 1937, p. 2.
William Cooper, Secretary of the Australian Aborigines’ League, to the Minister for the Interior, 31 October 1936 in Bain Attwood and Andrew Marcus, Thinking Black: William Cooper and the Australian Aborigines’ League, Aboriginal Studies Press, Canberra, 2004, p. 55.
Ernestine Hill, ‘Story of the State: From Wilderness to Wealth in a Hundred Years’, The Centenary Chronicle, 5 October 1936.
Ruth Hawker, Yesterday, F.W. Preece and Son, Adelaide, 1936.
Advertiser, 19 August 1921, p. 6.
Advertiser, 31 December 1929, p. 10.
Advertiser, 15 November 1935, p. 16.
Advertiser, 26 November 1935, p. 22.
Advertiser, 5 February 1936, p. 22.
A. Markus, Governing Savages, Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 1990, p. 168.
J.C. Genders, Australian Aboriginals, A Statement by the Aborigines’ Protection League explaining its basic principles and proposals, Adelaide, 1929, p. 2.
Markus, p. 172.
Sylvia Kleinhert, ‘An Aboriginal Moomba: Remaking History’, Continuum 13. 3 (1999), p. 348.
Kleinhert, p. 349.
Sturt, p. 246.
On the privileging on individual experience in historical re-enactment see for instance Vanessa Agnew, ‘What is Re-enactment?’, Criticism 46, no. 3 (2004).
The Sturt Report: Audio Recording of the ABC Historical Re-enactment of the Sturt Expedition, RADA Acc. No. 2122, no. 28, 2 Feb 1951.
Advertiser, 10 February 1951.
The Sturt Report: Audio Recording of the ABC Historical Re-enactment of the Sturt Expedition, RADA Acc. No. 2122, no. 33, 8 Feb 1951.
Advertiser, 1–2 January 1951.
Advertiser, 21 January 1951.
Advertiser, 12 February 1951.
Advertiser, 10 February 1951.
Bitter Springs, Ealing Studios, (Director: Ralph Smart), 1950.
Advertiser, 23 June 1950.
Ibid.
Advertiser, 19 May, 23 May and 25 May 1949.
Advertiser, 25 May 1949.
Advertiser, 24 June and 26 June 1950.
Ibid.
Bitter Springs, 22m 14s.
Bitter Springs, 54m 21s.
http://aso.gov.au/titles/features/bitter-springs/notes/
GRG 1/1/1890/395, SRSA.
Broome, p. 56.
Broome, p. 64.
Broome, pp. 61–65.
Pike, Paradise of Dissent, p. 290–91.
Pike, Paradise of Dissent, p. 140.
Douglas Pike, Australia: The Quiet Continent, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1962, p. 223.
For instance, Christobel Mattingley and Ken Hampton, eds., Survival in our own land: ‘Aboriginal’ experiences in ‘South Australia’ since 1836, told by Nungas and others, Hodder and Stoughton, Sydney,1992.
Ern Carmichael, The Ill-Shaped Leg: A Story of the Development of Yorke Peninsula, published by the author, Adelaide, 1973.
See for instance Graham Jenkins, Conquest of the Ngarrindjeri, Rigby, Adelaide, 1974 and Foster, et al, pp. 18–28.
Tom McCourt and Hans Mincham, The Coorong and Lakes of the Lower Murray, Beachport Branch of the National Trust, Adelaide, 1987, p. 84.
L.M. Andison, Berri: Hub of the Upper Murray, SA Country Women’s Association, Berri, 1953, p. 1. See also for instance R.M. Younger, Australia’s Great River, Horizon, Swan River, 1976, p. 41.
Doreen Puckridge, They Came with the Buffalo: A Saga of Port Lincoln, Pioneer Books, Warradale, 1980, p. 63.
Christina Smith, The Booandik Tribe of Aborigines, E. Spiller, Adelaide, 1880.
Cockburn, vol 2, p. 140–141.
Ibid.
McCourt and Mincham, pp. 58–61.
McCourt and Mincham, p. 60.
John Hamp was one of three isolated Europeans whose lives were taken by Aborigines in that region over several months. Pastoral settler Captain James Beevor was speared on 3 May 1849, and Annie Easton, was killed at her hut four days later. Their deaths are set against other episodes of settler actions against Aborigines. In August 1848, the overseer of local pastoralist William Pinkerton shot and killed at least one Aboriginal man at Lake Newland, and in May 1849 five Aboriginal people wer
e poisoned, probably by shepherd Patrick Dwyer, on William Mortlock’s station. No charges were taken against Pinkerton’s overseer, George Stewart, and as we know, Dwyer escaped charges by fleeing the colony.
GRG 24/6/1848/1127, SRSA.
See Foster, Hosking and Nettelbeck, pp. 46–58.
Max Fatchen, ‘Massacre of the Aborigines’, Advertiser, 11 April 1970; Elliston Centenary Committee, Across the Bar to Waterloo Bay: Elliston 1978–1978, Elliston Centenary Committee, Adelaide, 1978, p. 7.
Carmichael, p. 29.
Ibid.
Rhoda Heinrich, Governor Fergusson’s Legacy, Adelaide, Maitland-Kilkerran Centenary Committee, 1972, p. 42.
Heather Carthew, Rivoli Bay: A Story of Early Settlement at Rivoli Bay in the South East of South Australia 1845–1855, published by the author, Adelaide, 1974. See also Rhoda Heinrich, Wide Sails and Wheat Stacks: A History of Port Victoria and the Hundred of Wauraltee, Port Victoria Centenary Committee, 1976.
Carmichael, p. 28.
Minlaton Branch of the National Trust, Minlaton: A Skeletal History, Minlaton Branch of the National Trust, Minlaton Branch of the National Trust, Adelaide, 1970; Diana Cook, The Striding Years: A History of the Minlaton District Council Area, Adelaide, 1975, p. 8.
The Book Centenary Committee, Quorn and District Centenary 1878–1978, Lynton Publications, Adelaide, 1978, p. 33.
Geoffrey Aslin, Kongorong from Land to Sea: An Early History, published by the author, Adelaide, 1991.
Chapter 10: Placing the past in the present
Television Interview in Aborigine: A Collision of Conscience, Timewatch Documentary, BBC TV, 1996, 2m 44s.
Cited in J. Summers, ‘Colonial race relations’ in E. Richards, ed., Flinders History of South Australia, Social History, Wakefield Press, Adelaide, 1986, p. 497.
Ibid.
Summers, p. 499.
Paul Havemenn, ‘The Rule of Law, betrayal and reparation’ in Shaun Berg (ed.), Coming to Terms: Aboriginal Title in South Australia, Wakefield Press, Kent Town, 2010, p. 141.
South Australian Parliamentary Debates, 13 July 1966, p. 473.
Ibid.
Ibid., p. 475.
Ibid., p. 479.
Don Dunstan, Felicia: the political memoirs of Don Dunstan, MacMillan, South Melbourne, 1981, p. 110.
Foster, Hosking and Nettelbeck, p. 69.
Ibid.
Foster, Hosking and Nettelbeck, pp. 69–70.
Ibid.
Ibid.
Australian Sound Design Project. www.sounddesign.unimelb.edu.au
Honourable Sandra Kanck, Sculpture on the Cliffs 2006 opening, sa.democrats.org.au
Out of the Silence Page 27