Careless People: Murder, Mayhem, and the Invention of The Great Gatsby
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Fitzgerald, Zelda, xvi, xix, xxii, 1–2, 10–11, 11, 14, 18–19, 20, 25, 26–27, 28–29, 32, 45, 46, 49–50, 52, 57, 58–59, 62, 75, 76–77, 86, 87, 93, 104, 121, 123, 125, 165, 166–67, 168, 171, 179, 200, 209–10, 225, 240–41, 250, 253, 257, 263, 267, 268, 273–76, 278–79, 282, 283, 287, 307–8, 313–14, 314–17, 318–20, 320–21, 321–22, 323, 326, 333, 334, 335, 342–43, 364n
“The Flapper” (Parker), 165
Flappers and Philosophers (Fitzgerald), 268
Fleischman, Max, 125–26
Fleischmann Yeast Company, 125
The ’49ers (musical revue), 164
Fowler, Ludlow, 154, 282, 295, 308, 335
France, xxii, 1, 2–3, 49–50, 173, 266–67, 273–74, 278–80, 306–8, 313
Franklin, Benjamin, 304
Freud, Sigmund, 14, 32
Frisco, Joe, 170–73
F. Scott Fitzgerald (Kazin), 343
Fuller, Edward M., 133, 133–34
Garibaldi, Giuseppe, 156
Gatsby, Jay (character), xxiv, 25–26, 29, 41, 50, 67, 71–73, 73–74, 85–86, 92–93, 93–94, 97, 102, 103–4, 108–9, 112, 114–15, 128, 129, 130, 135–36, 140, 141, 142, 144, 149–50, 157–58, 161, 163–64, 172–73, 175–76, 177–78, 185–86, 186–87, 195–96, 197, 205, 206–9, 217, 218, 223, 225, 231–32, 233, 241–42, 255–56, 257, 264, 271–72, 281, 282, 284–85, 288, 289, 289–90, 303–4, 329, 334–35, 336–37, 356n
Gatz, Henry C. (character), 37, 55, 303–4, 335
Gautier, Théophile, 254
Geist, Louise, 216, 271, 309–10
The Genealogy of Morals (Nietzsche), 108
Gerlach, Max (von), 128–29, 144
Gershwin, George, 161, 162, 229
Gibson, Jane “the Pig Woman,” 124, 137, 151–53, 162–64, 180–81, 190, 191–92, 199, 200, 205–6, 216, 217, 243, 270, 277, 310–11
The Gilded Lily (1922), 200
Gillen, Lester J., 254
Gilman, Edward Robinson, 196, 197
Goddard, Charles H., 71, 155
Goddard, Charles W., 71
Gold Coast, Long Island, 37, 43, 55
Gould, Jay, 38, 133, 195
Graham, Sheilah, 325–26, 333
Gray, Gilda, 101–2
Great Depression, 318
Great Neck, New York, xvii, xxii, 54–55, 56–57, 62, 75, 86, 87, 102, 103, 109–10, 112, 117, 119, 170, 171, 252, 263, 266–67, 268
Great Neck News, 196
Greeley, Horace, 39
green light (Gatsby), 40–41, 50, 175, 176, 207, 336–37
Guggenheim, Harry, 92
Hall, Edward W., xv–xvi, 12–13, 20, 113–14, 131, 138, 192, 290, 309. See also Hall–Mills double murder
Hall, Frances Stevens, 20, 47, 54, 61–62, 152, 153, 190, 205, 216, 271, 309–12
Hall–Mills double murder, xvi, xvii–xviii, xxiv–xxv, 12–13, 20–21, 21–22, 29–30, 46–47, 47–48, 53–54, 60–61, 79–80, 84–85, 94–95, 97–98, 98–99, 108, 113–14, 115, 124–25, 131–33, 137–38, 138–39, 151, 153, 162, 181, 182, 189, 190–91, 191–92, 192–93, 199–200, 205–6, 216–17, 239–41, 269, 270, 289–90, 290–92, 309–12, 343, 352
Hamborszky, Paul, 192
Harding, Warren G., 238, 263
Harlem cabarets, 108, 123, 229
Harmonium (Stevens), 188
Harriman, E. H., 37
Harris, Sam, 118, 170
Hastings, S. J., 245
Hay, Mary, 178–80
Hayes, Clifford, 84–85, 94, 98–99
Hearst, William Randolph, 80, 246, 309, 310
Hecht, Ben, 91, 180
Held, John, Jr., 118
Hemingway, Ernest, 306, 307, 322–23, 324, 331, 371n
Hill, James J., 37–38
Hirsch, Hazel, 244–46
Hirsch, Wally, 244–46
Hitchcock, Thomas, Jr., 36, 39, 265
Hitler, Adolf, 202–3
Hollywood, California, 312, 324–25
Hose, Sam, 201
Howard, Leslie, 273
“How to Live on Practically Nothing A Year” (Fitzgerald), 275
“How to Waste Material—A Note on My Generation” (Fitzgerald), 253
Hurst, Fannie, 118
“The Invasion of the Sanctuary” (Fitzgerald), 268
“Jacob’s Ladder” (Fitzgerald), 277
James, Henry, 229
jazz and Jazz Age, 9, 16–17, 34–35, 63, 83, 89, 123, 159–60, 208, 247–49, 256
Johnson, Samuel, xxv
Jordan (car model), 105
Joyce, James, xvi, 82, 103, 116, 118, 168, 214. See also Ulysses
Jozan, Edouard, xxii, 278–79
Kalmans, Alexandra and C. O. “Kaly,” 76, 189, 265, 266, 314, 364n
Kaye, Ella (character), 197
Kazin, Alfred, 343
Keable, Robert, 113–14
Kearny, Pat, 19
Keats, John, 150, 218, 278, 283, 287
Kerr, Robert C., 196, 197
Kessler, Mannie, 210–11
Key, Francis Scott, 182–83
King, Ginevra, 141–42, 332
Knopf, Alfred, 188
Ku Klux Klan, 131–33, 343
Ladies’ Home Journal, 123
Lardner, Ellis, 57, 86
Lardner, Ring, 57, 58, 86, 89, 96, 112, 154, 160, 164, 171, 172, 189, 191, 245, 250, 251–52, 265, 268, 320, 324
The Last Tycoon (Fitzgerald), 325, 330–33, 341
Leopold and Loeb, 276–77, 307
“Les Enfants Terribles” cartoon, 59
Levy, Ariel, 129
Lewis, Sinclair, 76, 247–49
“A Lexicon of Prohibition” (Wilson), 110–11
Life, 237
Life in Letters (Bruccoli, ed.), 299, 364n
Liveright, Horace, 81, 82–83, 168–70, 187
Long, Dr., 60–61, 79–80
Long, Lois, 121, 166
Long Island, 37, 43, 50, 55–59, 57, 230–31
Loos, Anita, 267
“The Love Nest” (Lardner), 172
MacArthur, Charlie, 165
Mackay, Clarence H., 35, 250, 254, 265
Mackay, Ellin, 250–51
Man’s Hope outline, xxiii–xxiv, 36, 65, 71–72, 70, 117, 141, 149, 178–80, 290, 330–31
Manslaughter (1922), 39, 83, 204
Marinoff, Fania, 218–19
Marshall, Marguerite Mooers, 28, 114
Martin, Townsend, 19
McAlmon, Robert, 299
McCarthy, Mary, 324
McGee, Fuller, 135–36, 285
McGee, William F., 133
McGluke, Luke, 245
McIntyre, O. O., 96, 120
McKaig, Alec, 11, 19–20, 77, 166–67
Meadows, Alberta, 242
Mencken, H. L., xxv, 10, 16, 19, 57, 78, 117, 149, 183, 187, 265, 278, 298
Metropolitan magazine, 203–4
Michaelis (character), 241–42, 255–56, 281, 302
Milford, Nancy, 166, 200, 373n
Mills, Charlotte, 47, 80, 80, 131, 190–91, 200, 230, 240, 271, 312
Mills, Eleanor Reinhardt, xv–xvi, 12–13, 20, 21, 47–48, 54, 61, 79–80, 113–14, 131, 137, 138–39, 200, 216, 290, 309, 310. See also Hall–Mills double murder
Mills, James, 21, 47, 54, 138, 182, 205, 206, 240, 270, 290
Minnesota, 66
Mizener, Arthur, 129, 343
Mok, Michael, 323
money, 38
Monte Carlo, 279
Moore, George Gordon, 36
Moran, Lois, 312–13
Morgan, J. P., 37
Morning Telegraph, 183
The Mother of All Living (Keable), 113–14
Mott, Wilbur A., 124
, 151, 152, 162, 180–181, 182, 190, 205, 206
Moveable Feast, A (Hemingway), 306
Mrs. Dalloway (Woolf), 81–82
Murphy, Esther, 269, 274
Murphy, Gerald, 274, 306–7, 320, 324, 334, 335
Murphy, Sara, 274, 307, 320, 324, 335
“My Generation” (Fitzgerald), 332, 373n
“My Lost City” (Fitzgerald), 142–43, 251
narrators, unreliable, 186, 213, 214, 215
Nathan, George Jean, 78, 81, 225–26, 265
The Nation, 218
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), 201–2
National Crime Syndicate, 194
Nazi Party, 156
New Brunswick, New Jersey, xv, xvii, 12, 46, 48, 55, 60, 79, 84, 94, 98, 113, 114, 125, 138, 181, 189, 190, 192, 206, 217, 239–40, 277, 310
New Jersey State Constabulary, 79
New Republic, 153
New York, 8, 9, 11–12, 13, 14, 22, 48–50, 60, 83, 98, 105–6
New York Daily Mirror, 309, 312
New York Daily News, 309
New Yorker, 37, 50, 164, 166, 305, 310, 312, 326
New York Post, 234
New York Times, xxiii, 12, 21, 23–24, 30, 47, 49, 52, 61, 74–75, 87–88, 94, 95, 99, 100, 105–6, 119–20, 126, 132, 138, 144, 156, 162, 182, 194, 198, 201, 202–3, 210, 211–12, 214–15, 234, 238, 239, 243, 249, 252, 254–55, 264, 269–70, 275, 297, 321, 334
New York Tribune, 15, 23, 39–40, 59, 95, 118, 152, 155, 158, 182–83, 190, 192, 198, 199, 205, 230–31, 239, 298–99
New York World, 10, 21, 27–28, 53, 54, 63, 94, 95, 113, 114, 139–40, 152, 154, 181, 188, 190, 196, 199, 200, 205, 211, 217, 236, 242, 243, 246, 296
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 108
night clubs and cabarets, 108, 119–20, 123, 229
“1922” (Parker), 165
North, Florence, 80, 80
North Dakota, 194
Nostromo (Conrad), 215
Ober, Harold, 180, 235, 277, 335
O’Hara, John, 334, 343
“On Being an American” (Mencken), 117
“Owl-Eyes” (character), 74, 90, 176, 362n
Palmer, Bee, 101
Paramore, Ted, 31–32, 82, 96, 123–24, 126, 325
“Park Avenue girls,” 38
Parker, Dorothy, 46, 62, 164, 165–66, 335
Parties (Van Vechten), 120, 218–19
parties of the Jazz Age, xxiii, 64, 67, 71–73, 83, 87–88, 93–94, 96–97, 102, 103–4, 112, 161, 164–65, 176–77, 206–9, 217, 218–19, 224–25, 228–29, 265, 306, 317
Paterson, Isabel, 298–99, 300
Perkins, Max, 75, 83, 135–36, 159–60, 284–85, 289, 306, 335
Phillips, Clara, 242
Phillips Farm, 13, 48, 79, 85, 124, 125, 158, 192, 193
The Philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche (Mencken), 149
Picture-Play magazine, 245
Piper, John (Piper Murder Case), 163
Pirandello, Luigi, 106
Ponzi, Charles, 234
“Porcelain and Pink” (Fitzgerald), 116
Portraits (Boyd), 228
Post, Emily, 24–25
Princeton University, 116, 188–89, 344, 362n, 364n
prohibition, 14–15, 58, 63, 67, 89, 110, 119–20, 121–22, 123, 127, 156, 194, 195, 198, 210, 229
Prohibition Enforcement Agency, 122
Proust, Marcel, 189, 214
publications of Fitzgerald
“Absolution,” 38, 173–74, 307
All the Sad Young Men, 101, 307
“Babylon Revisited,” 308, 317
The Beautiful and Damned, xxii, 9, 18, 26–27, 39, 65, 67, 77, 104, 116, 144, 150, 166, 198, 214, 236–38, 268, 278, 316
The Crack-Up and Other Essays (Wilson, ed.), 341
“Crack-Up” essays (Esquire), 322, 324
“The Curious Case of Benjamin Button,” 159
“The Dance,” 102
“Dice, Brassknuckles & Guitar,” 203–5, 367n
“Echoes of the Jazz Age,” xvi–xvii, 34
Flappers and Philosophers, 268
The Great Gatsby. See specific characters
“How to Live on Practically Nothing A Year,” 275
“How to Waste Material—A Note on My Generation,” 253
“The Invasion of the Sanctuary,” 268
“Jacob’s Ladder,” 277
The Last Tycoon, 325, 330–33, 341
“My Generation,” 332, 373n
“My Lost City,” 142–43, 251
“Porcelain and Pink,” 116
“Recklessness,” 235, 367n
“The Rich Boy,” 295, 307
“The Sensible Thing,” 65, 143, 307
“Short Autobiography,” 126–27, 268
“The Swimmers,” 98, 314, 345
“10 Best Books I Have Read,” 215
Tales of the Jazz Age, 20, 33–34, 39, 116, 144, 159, 234
Tender Is the Night, 77, 86, 179, 227, 277, 283, 312
This Side of Paradise, 9, 10, 17, 25, 28–29, 39, 65, 77, 116, 171, 268, 271, 298, 318, 327
The Vegetable, 116, 117, 118, 119, 144, 170, 171, 268, 285, 307
“What I Think and Feel at 25,” 25
“Winter Dreams,” xv, 142, 307
See also This Side of Paradise; The Beautiful and Damned
Queens, 50–53, 52, 103, 129, 263, 356n
racism, 129–30, 201–2, 345
radio, 100–101
Rappe, Virginia, 103
Rascoe, Burton, 39–40, 59, 62, 74, 77, 81, 90, 91, 96, 118, 158–59, 168, 182, 212, 213–14, 215–16, 219, 235, 237, 247, 256, 257, 262, 263, 267, 268, 299–301, 302, 324, 365n
Rascoe, Hazel, 213–14, 365n
“Recklessness” (Fitzgerald), 235, 367n
religion, 173
Remus, George, 129, 210–11, 212
“Rhapsody in Blue” (Gershwin), 161
“The Rich Boy” (Fitzgerald), 295, 307
Riehl, Arthur, 309–10
Rosenthal, Herman “Rosy,” 135, 136
Ross, Harold, 164
Rothstein, Arnold, 134–36, 157, 194
Rum Row flotilla, 15
Rumsey, Charles Cary “Pad,” 35–36, 39, 232
Rumsey, Mary Harriman, 35, 39, 250, 265
Runyon, Damon, 310
Russell, Nellie Lo, 181–82, 200, 277
Sandburg, Carl, 247
Saturday Evening Post, 78, 155, 191, 275
Satyricon (Petronius), 82–84, 153, 168
Scandalabra (Z. Fitzgerald), 121
Schliemann, Heinrich, 156
Schneider, Raymond, 53–54, 85–86, 94, 95, 98–99, 190
Schulberg, Budd, 343
Scofflaw Cocktail, 89
Scribner’s, 34, 118, 236, 296
Seaman, Robert L., 196
Seldes, Gilbert, 59, 269, 279, 298
“The Sensible Thing” (Fitzgerald), 65, 143, 307
Sherwood Automobiles, 105
“Short Autobiography” (Fitzgerald), 126–27, 268
Silvé, René, 275, 283
Simon Called Peter (Keable), 113–14, 115–16, 153, 290
Sipel, George “Pig Man,” 191–92
Six Characters in Search of an Author (Pirandello), 106
Skinner, Constance Lindsay, 197–98
slang of the Jazz Age, 16–17, 140, 159–60, 200, 247–49
Smith, Thomas R., 40, 82, 187
“The Snows of Kilimanjaro” (Hemingway), 322, 371n
Some Sort of Epic Grandeur (Bruccoli), 167
speakeasies, 36–37, 63–64, 119–20, 121, 122
Spiritualism, 230
“The Star-Spa
ngled Banner,” 182–83
Stein, Gertrude, 305
Stevens, Henry H., 55, 181
Stevens, Wallace, 188
Stevens, Willie, 20, 22, 47, 137, 271, 309–12, 343
Stewart, Donald Ogden, 279
Stoddard, Lothrop, 155
St. Paul, Minnesota, 20, 127
St. Vincent Millay, Edna, 31
Sumner, John S. (Society for the Suppression of Vice), 82, 115, 116, 240
The Sun Also Rises (Hemingway), 306
Swann’s Way (Proust), 214
Swanson, Gloria, 102–3
swastikas, 156
“The Swimmers” (Fitzgerald), 98, 314, 345
Swope, Herbert Bayard, 90–91, 93, 132, 134–35, 164–65, 177
Swope, Margaret, 86, 135, 164, 177, 204
Tales of the Jazz Age (Fitzgerald), 20, 33–34, 39, 116, 144, 159, 234
taxis, 13, 155–56
Taylor, Cecilia, 335
Taylor, Deems, xxv, 94, 164, 180, 301, 332
Taylor, William Desmond, 103, 270
“10 Best Books I Have Read” (Fitzgerald), 215
Tender Is the Night (Fitzgerald), 77, 86, 179, 227, 277, 283, 312, 320–21, 333, 344
“That Shakespearian Rag,” 170
This Side of Paradise (Fitzgerald), 9, 10, 17, 25, 28–29, 39, 65, 77, 116, 171, 268, 271, 298, 318, 327
Thomson, Sir Basil, 137–38
Time, 326
time and time-keeping, 175, 176, 303–4
Town Tattle (fictional newspaper), 66, 110
Town Topics, 55–56, 66, 80, 101, 110, 152, 153, 242, 265
traffic signals, 48–50, 175
train journeys, 9–10
Trilling, Lionel, 341
Turnbull, Andrew, 334–35
Turner, Frederick Jackson, 197–98
Twain, Mark, 38
Ulysses (Joyce), xvi, 82, 103, 116, 118, 168–69, 214, 215–16
Vanity Fair, 268
Van Vechten, Carl, 19, 81, 120–21, 131, 158–59, 161, 187, 188, 212–13, 218, 263, 269, 313
The Vegetable (Fitzgerald), xxi, 1, 20, 78, 116–17, 118, 119, 144, 171, 268, 282
Verne, Jules, 196
vigilante justice, 217
violence and sexual infidelity, 139, 211
Volstead Act, 14, 120, 210, 229