A Forger's Progress
Page 35
22 Ellis, Francis Greenway, p. 165.
23 Broadbent & Hughes, Francis Greenway, pp. 26–27.
24 Sydney Gazette, 29 January1824.
25 Sydney Gazette, 28 October 1824.
26 Sydney Gazette, 18 November 1824.
27 Oxley to Brisbane, 8 November 1825, quoted in Ellis, Francis Greenway, p. 179. See also Broadbent & Hughes, Francis Greenway, notes for catalogue no. 57, p. 110.
28 Greenway memorial to Bourke, n.d., quoted in Ellis, Francis Greenway, p. 176.
29 Sir George Gipps memorial, quoted in Ellis, Francis Greenway, p. 221.
30 Gill to Greenway, 25 November 1815, quoted in Ellis, Francis Greenway, p. 180.
31 See Sir George Gipps to Lord Glenelg, HRA, series 1, vol. 20, p. 138.
32 Australian, 24 and 27 March 1827.
33 Edward Mason to Greenway, 29 March 1827, Greenway papers, ML, A 1451, p. 7.
34 Australian, 27 June 1827.
35 See Broadbent & Hughes, Francis Greenway, pp. 91–92.
36 Sydney Gazette, 15 June 1827.
37 Sydney Gazette, 31 October 1827.
38 Sydney Gazette, 21 May 1828.
39 Sydney Gazette, 10 January 1829; Charles Macklin, Love à la Mode, act II, scene i.
40 Broadbent & Hughes, Francis Greenway, pp. 27, 99–102.
41 Sydney Monitor, 28 April 1832.
42 Ellis, Francis Greenway, ch. XIX, n. 6, p. 222.
43 Francis Greenway junior to William Greenway, 9 April 1839, Greenway papers, ML, A 1451.
44 Sir George Gipps to Lord Glenelg, 7 May 1839, HRA, series 1, vol. 20, p. 139.
45 Greenway memorial to Governor Bourke, ‘George Street North Extensions, 1836–41’, n.d., CSC, 4/2529.5.
46 John Wallace, unpublished memoir, 1897, Wallace family papers.
47 HRA, series 1, vol. 20, p. 603, quoted in Ellis, Francis Greenway, p. 223.
48 Quoted in Ellis, Francis Greenway, p. 187.
49 Greenway to the editor, Australian, 7 July 1837.
50 Greenway to the editor, Australian, 4 November 1836.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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—— & Joy Hughes, Francis Greenway: Architect, Historic Houses Trust of New South Wales, Sydney, 1997.
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Evans, Rev. John, The Picture of Bristol, or a Guide to Objects of Curiosity and Interest in Bristol, Clifton, the Hotwells, and their Vicinity, W Sheppard, Bristol, 1818,
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Fowles, Joseph, Sydney in 1848 (facsimile edn), National Trust of Australia, Sydney, 1973.
Freeland, JM, Architecture in Australia: A History, Pelican, Melbourne, 1972.
Frost, Alan, The First Fleet: The Real Story, Black Inc., Melbourne, 2012.
Graves, Algernon, The Royal Academy of Arts: A Complete Dictionary of Contributors and Their Work from its Foundation in 1769 to 1904, vol. 3, SR Publishers and Kingsmead Reprints, London, 1970.
Herman, Morton, The Early Australian Architects and Their Work, Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1970.
Hirst, John B, Freedom on the Fatal Shore: Australia’s First Colony, Black Inc., Melbourne, 2008.
Ison, Walter, The Georgian Buildings of Bristol, Kingsmead Press, Bath, 1978.
Johnson, Chris, Shaping Sydney: Public Architecture and Civic Decorum, Hale & Iremonger, Sydney, 1999.
Karskens, Grace, The Colony: A History of Early Sydney, Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 2009.
Keating, Christopher, On the Frontier: A Social History of Liverpool, Hale & Iremonger, Sydney, 1996.
Kingsley, Nicholas, The Country Houses of Gloucestershire, 1500–1660, Phillimore, Chichester, 2001.
Macaulay, Lord Thomas, History of England from the Accession of James II, Longman Green, London, 1858.
McGregor, Alasdair, A Nation in the Making: Australia at the Dawn of the Modern Era, Australian Geographic, Sydney, 2011.
Mowl, Timothy, To Build the Second City: Architects and Craftsmen of Georgian Bristol, Redcliffe Press, Bristol, 1991.
Oppenheim, Peter, The Fragile Forts: The Fixed Defences of Sydney Harbour, 1788–1963, Department of Defence, Canberra, 2004.
O’Shaughnessey, EW, Australian Almanack and General Directory: For the Year of Our Lord 1835, printed at the Gazette office by Anne Howe, Sydney, 1835.
Pevsner, Nikolaus, Buildings of England: North Somerset and Bristol, Penguin, London, 1958.
Russell, Penny (ed.), This Errant Lady: Jane Franklin’s Overland Journey to Port Phillip and Sydney, 1839, National Library of Australia, Canberra, 2002.
Simankevicius, Almis, Macquarie’s Kingdom: Exploring Historic Sydney Today, Good Walking Books, Sydney, 2004.
Steele, James, Early Days of Windsor N.S. Wales, Tyrrell’s Ltd, Sydney, 1916,
Summerson, Sir John, Georgian London, Barrie & Jenkins, London, 1988.
——, The Life and Work of John Nash Architect, George Allen & Unwin, London, 1980.
Temple, Nigel, John Nash and the Village Picturesque, Alan Sutton, Gloucester, 1979.
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Manuscript material
Bonwick, James & assistants, Bonwick Transcripts, 1641–1892, being a collection of transcripts from material mainly in the Public Records Office, London, and from other sources relating to New South Wales and Australia.
Colonial Secretary’s correspondence, SRANSW, copies in ML, various numbers.
Greenway family papers, ML, A 1451.
Macquarie, Lachlan, journal, 9 July 1818 – 28 Febr
uary 1820, ML, A 772.
——, journal, 10 April 1816 – 1 July 1818, ML, A 773.
——, journal, 1 March 1820 – 8 March 1821, ML, A 774.
——, memoranda and related papers, 22 December 1808 – 14 July 1823, ML, A 772.
Wallace, John, memoir, 1897, Wallace family papers, courtesy of Phyllida McNair Grey.
Articles and reports
Austin, M., ‘Druitt of the 48th’, Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society, vol. 51, no. 2, June 1965, pp. 154–66.
Beckett, Gordon, Guiding the Colonial Economy, Colonial Press, Gatton, Qld, 2012.
Bennet, Henry Grey, Letter to Viscount Sidmouth on the Transportation Laws, the State of the Hulks, and the Colonies in New South Wales, printed for J Ridgeway, London, 1819.
Bigge, John Thomas, Report of the Commissioner of Inquiry into the State of the Colony of New South Wales, House of Commons, London, 1822,
——, Report of the Commissioner of Inquiry into the State of Agriculture and Trade in the Colony of New South Wales, House of Commons, London, 1823,
Campbell, JF, ‘Hyde Park Convict Barracks: descriptive notes’, Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society, vol. 22, no. 3, 1936, pp. 203–207.
Champion, TS, ‘The evolution of the Conservatorium of Music, Sydney’, Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society, vol. 33, no. 5, 1947, pp. 313–16.
Ellis, Richard, History of Thornbury Castle, Hamilton, Adams & Co., London, 1839.
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Macquarie, Lachlan, A Letter to the Right Honourable Viscount Sidmouth: In Refutation of Statements Made by ... Henry Grey Bennet in a Pamphlet ‘On the Transportation Laws, the State of the Hulks, and of the Colonies in New South Wales’, printed for Richard Rees, London, 1821.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Several people made A Forger’s Progress a less lonely path to tread, and to them I am indebted. A chance encounter with Greenway descendant Corinna Kovner led me to a delightful lunch with her mother, Phyllida McNair Grey, and to email contact with her aunt in England, Anthea Tuckey. Thanks to all three for their interest in my work, and especially to Phylli for her generosity and thoughts on her famous forebear, and for the loan of the Wallace family papers.
The Bristol Records Office was enormously helpful in tracing details of Francis Greenway’s marriage to Mary Moore that in turn led to much theorising as to the genealogy and domestic arrangements of my protagonist. The Records Office also provided me with copies of documents pertinent to Greenway’s trial. My colleague Anne Warr very kindly combed the archives of the British Library when local sources for early 19th-century newspapers ran dry. Anne was ever a sounding board for ideas and perspectives on Greenway’s architecture, as was Bridget Kirkham on the life and progress of ‘Mr G’.
I am indebted to Jeanne Walker for her research assistance, cheerfully enlivening several Saturdays trawling through microfilms in the Mitchell Library reading room, and to Judith MacGregor, thanks for the help in unravelling Francis Greenway’s convict records. I also thank Bob Moore and Phillip Summers for their correspondence on the notable conundrums in Greenway’s life, and I am grateful to Margaret McCredie, granddaughter of Hardy Wilson, for permission to publish her grandfather’s exquisite drawings of St James’ and St Matthew’s churches, and St Matthew’s Rectory.
The staff of the Pictures and Manuscripts Branch of the National Library, and their colleagues in Original Materials at the State Library of New South Wales, gave prompt and efficient service in my quest for manuscript materials and illustrations. It is always a delight to work with such wonderful collections, and I am grateful to both institutions for permission to reproduce images drawn from their rich holdings. Thanks also to the Victoria and Albert Museum, London, for permission to publish an early photograph of Greenway’s Clifton Assembly Rooms.
Books such as this require a lengthy and sustained effort in both their research and writing. Helping sustain body and soul throughout was an Established Writers Grant from the Australia Council, for which I am most grateful.
On the publishing side, a big thanks to Elspeth Menzies and Uthpala Gunethilake for their patience, support and thoughtful suggestions throughout, particularly when deadlines slipped quietly, but worryingly by. My agent Fran Moore was always there when I needed her, and it was an absolute dream to again work with my editor, Nicola Young, this being our third book together.
INDEX
Aborigines 74, 85, 120, 194
Adam, Robert 11
American War of Independence 60
Anglican Church 36, 244, 247
Ann (brig) 323
Antill, Captain Henry 236, 238
Arago, Jacques 169–70, 178
Argyle Street 106
artificial stone, see Coade’s Stone
Ashton Court, Bristol 173
Assizes of General Gaol Delivery, see Bristol Assizes
Auriol, John Lewis (Jean Louis) 29, 30–2, 46
Austen, Jane 30, n.333
Australia Day 160, 271
Avon Gorge, Clifton 28
Bank of New South Wales 259, 318
Barnet, James 134, 221, 270,
Barrack Street 81
Barwon River 326
Bath 10, 27, 30, 47, 84
stone 9
Theatre Royal 10
Bathurst, Henry, 3rd Earl Bathurst 5, 62, 146, 157, 158, 163, 165, 167, 171, 177
appoints Bigge 163
on Greenway’s appointment 293–4
recommends Kitchen 113
succeeds Liverpool 84, 277
displeasure with Macquarie 132–3, 153–4, 203, 267
on Sydney Hospital 113
on transportation 162–3
Bathurst Street 246
Bathurst (town) 184
Belgenny Farm House 312
Bell, Major Thomas 197–9
Bennelong Point 1–2, 170, 195, 196, 210 see also Fort Macquarie
Bennet, Henry Grey 78, 110, 167, 188, 280, 300
Bent, Ellis 73, 76, 78, 90, 99
Bent, Jeffrey Hart 78, 90–1, 92, 139, 285, n.335
Bent Street 181, 186
Bigge, John Thomas 5, 82, 114, 162, 168, 169, 170, 171, 187, 188, 192, 197, 198, 209, 210, 233, 234, 246, 256, 257, 265, 290, 291, 293, 294, 299, 300, 303, 310, 312, 313, 317, 327
reports to Bathurst 172, 259, 289
later appointments, Cape Colony
327
receives commission 163
sides with exclusives 166
construction priorities 257–8, 260–1, 267
and convict labour 166, 175, 248–9, 259, 296–7, 298
on extravagance and ornament 133, 172, 175, 187, 188, 191, 262, 290
on female convicts
274–5, 289, 291
on Greenway’s buildings 123, 165, 172, 174, 175, 191, 199, 200, 204–5, 208, 219–20, 247, 249, 251, 253
censure of Macquarie 248, 281–2, 300
critical of Marsden 278
powers 164
reception in Sydney 163–4
leaves Sydney 302
on Sydney Hospital 115
visits Van Diemen’s Land 172, 247, 248, 257, 259
Bird, Edward 55, 56, n.333
Blacket, Edmund 249
Blackwattle Creek 98
Blaise Castle House, Bristol 46, 57
Blaise Hamlet 57
Blaxcell, Garnham 110–12, 115
Blaxland, GD 223
Bligh, William (Governor) 66, 72, 76, 82, 107, 139, 195, 212, 245, 252, 282, n.334, n.338
Bligh Street 181, 318, n.342
Blore, Edward 155, 315
Blue Mountains 224
Board of Works
His Majesty’s 17–8, 23, 24, 25, 114
New South Wales 308
Boleyn, Anne 10, n.330
Botany Bay 168, 184, 284
Bougainville, Hyacinthe de 178
Boulton (builder) 310
Bourke, Major General (Sir) Richard (Governor) 249, 250
Bradley, Samuel 111
Brazil 67
Brickfield Hill 189
Brisbane, Major General Sir Thomas Makdougall (Governor) 177, 265, 303, 305, 306, 308–9, 315–316, 320, 321
Bristol 9, 10, 11, 14, 18, 25, 27, 29, 30, 35, 36, 46, 48, 50, 55, 57, 173, 179, 300, n.331
growth of 11–12, 28
Bristol Assizes 42, 59, 80
Bristol Mercury (newspaper) 44
Bristol Newgate (prison) 42, 46, 49, 51–8, 59, 61, 69, 90, 126
Broadbent, James and Joy Hughes 5, 14, 15, 19, 33, 54, 101, 131, 138, 154, 157, 173, 201, 218, 266, 269, 299, 318
Brown, Lancelot ‘Capability’ 11, 14, 74
Broxbornebury (ship) 89, 90, 92, 94
Brunel, Isambard Kingdom 28
Bryan, Ambrose 111
Camden Park 312, 313
Campbell, John 73, 105, 120, 175, 266, 301, 318
Campbell, Sir John 326
Campbell, Robert (senior) 72, 318
Campbell, Robert 318