Nemesis: The Last Days of the American Republic
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Okinawa, 3, 171, 173–74, 177–207
Oklahoma City bombing, 231
Oliphant, Jermaine, 183
Oman, 94, 148, 159
“Omar, Abu” (Hassan Mustafa Osama Nasr), 131–34
Omar, Mullah Mohammed, 31, 118
Omdurman, battle of, 79
“1-4-2-1” defense strategy, 143
101st Airborne Division, 42, 162
O’Neill, Tip, 115
On the Spirit of the Laws (Montesquieu), 16
Oosterlinck, Rene, 235
Operation Condor, 108, 112
Operation Enduring Freedom, 276
Operation Goldenrod, 121–22
Operation Infinite Justice, 76
Operation Iraqi Freedom, 76, 143, 159, 232
Operation Just Cause, 76
Operation Urgent Fury, 18–19
Opium wars, 77
Opus Dei, 112
Orbital Debris Quarterly News, 219
Origins of Totalitarianism, The (Arendt), 22
Ornstein, Norman, 229
Ota, Masahide, 181–82
Ottoman Empire, 14, 46, 49, 87
Outer Space Treaty (1967), 241
Overseas Basing Commission, 147, 150–51, 158, 160
Ozaki, Hotsumi, 279
Pacom, 61, 202
Pakistan, 35–36, 87–88, 111–13, 115–17, 119, 124–26, 148, 236
Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), 112, 116, 118
Palestinians, 3
Panama, 3, 76, 261
PanAmSat, 238
Paraguay, 108, 163, 165–70
Parenti, Michael, 56–57, 62, 67
Passage to India, A (Forster), 80
Patriot PAC-3 missile, 220, 227
“Patterns of Terrorism” (State Department report), 167
Pax Americana, 58
Pax Romana, 58–59, 69
Pearl Harbor, 93, 95
Pentagon. See Defense Department
People for the American Way, 247
Pérez Esquivel, Adolfo, 170
Perle, Richard, 211
Perón, Juan, 70
Persian Gulf, 140, 148, 150, 163
Persson, Göran, 130
Peru, 165
Peterson Air Force Base (Colorado), 232
Pfaff, William, 151
Philbin, Patrick E, 38
Philippi, battle of, 68
Philippines, 3, 19–20, 39, 74, 81, 84, 94, 104, 147–48, 207
Phillips, Wendell, 17
Phoenix Program, 40
Pincus, Walter, 209, 257
Pinochet, Augusto, 2–3, 19, 108–10
Pinter, Harold, 243
plausible deniability, 102–3
plebians, 62–64
Plutarch, 56, 67
Poindexter, John M., 103, 256
Poland, 52, 94, 112, 123–24, 143, 148–49, 155
Polanyi, Karl, 83
Polk, Milbry, 48
Polk, William R., 46
Pompey, 58–59, 64, 66
populares, 62–63, 66
pork-barrel legislation, 263, 265–66
Porter, Bernard, 72–73
Portugal, 19
Postol, Theodore C., 224
poverty, 7, 81–82, 84–85
Powell, Colin, 24, 73, 190, 199
Powers, Francis Gary, 226
Powers, Thomas, 91, 102–3, 135–36, 256
Praetorian Guard, 69, 95
Prats, Carlos, 108–9
Predator unmanned aerial vehicle, 21, 233
preemptive or preventive war, 8, 58–59, 91, 138, 142, 148–49, 158, 203, 251
Premier Executive Transport Services, 126, 127, 128, 130
Presentment Clause, 258
Presidential Emergency Operations Center, 34
presidential power (imperial presidency), 14–18, 20–21, 39–40, 244–68
CIA and, 90–97, 102–10, 120, 135–136
commander in chief status and, 62, 120, 244–46, 251–54
Congress and, 245–51, 259–68
FISA and, 254–56
habeas corpus and, 266-67
legislative and judicial power vs., 268–69
republic strained by, 60, 88–89, 279
torture memos and, 39–40, 251–54
veto and, 16, 59
war on terror and, 244–45
Presidential Records Act (1978), 247–48
President Kennedy (Reeves), 248
President Nixon (Reeves), 248
President’s Advisory Committee on Cultural Property, 50
Priebe, Miranda, 225
Priest, Dana, 124, 126
Primack, Joel, 217
Prince Sultan Air Base (Saudi Arabia), 159
prisoners of war, 5, 8–9, 19, 24, 36–45, 246
prisons, secret, 8, 24, 33–45, 123–24, 155, 159–60
private contractors, 7, 31, 165, 171–72
proconsul, 61–62
Public Works Administration, 272
Puerto Rico, 20
Qatar, 6, 124, 140, 148, 150, 158–59
Quantico Marine Corps base, 189
racism, 7, 78–80, 85
radar systems, 165, 223
Ramadi, Iraq, 162
Ramstein Air Base (Germany), 133, 145–46, 155–56
RAND corporation, 236
Ransom, Harry Howe, 94
Rasul v.Bush (2004), 266
Rather, Dan, 41–42
Raychaudhuri, Tapan, 80, 87–88
Raytheon, 212
Reagan, Ronald, 19, 75, 103–4, 109, 111–13, 121–22, 164–65, 192, 201, 208–11, 223, 228, 230, 248–49, 256, 275
Red Cross, 31
Red Scare, 244
Reebok, 263
Reeves, Richard, 248
remote sensing, 237
Reno, Janet, 247
Report of the Chilean National Commission on Truth and Reconciliation (1991), 108
republican form of government, 9–11, 18, 59–60, 89, 279. See also democracy
Republican Party, 199, 210, 212, 249–50, 258, 260–62, 266–67
Responsiblity and Judgment (Arendt), 21
Reuters, 168
Rhein-Main Air Base (Germany), 156
Rhode Island National Guard, 42
Rhodes, Cecil, 82
Rhyne, Jim, 128
Rice, Condoleezza, 23, 92, 98, 155, 204
Ride, Sally, 217
Ridgeway, James, 244
Riggs Bank, 110
Ritter, Scott, 92, 228
Roberts, John, 248, 267
Roberts, Paul Craig, 255
Robertson, James, 255
Robertson, Pat, 4
Robson, Eleanor, 47
rogue nations, 212–13, 228, 241
Romania, 123–24, 143, 149, 155
Romano, Joseph, 133
Rome, ancient, 16–17, 55–71, 47, 78, 88–89, 138–39, 150, 244, 269
Senate, 14, 61–63, 65–69, 266
U.S. as new, 37–38
U.S. Constitution and, 59–61, 63–64, 66
Romulus, 60
Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site (Marshall Islands), 222
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 244
Rose, David, 43
Rosen, Ruth, 247
Rostow, Walt, 97
Rota naval station (Spain), 156
Rothschild Bank, 82
Rove, Karl, 92
Roy, Arundhati, 1, 80
Royal Jordanian Airlines Flight 402, 122
Rozen, Laura, 261
Rubicon (Holland), 54, 57
rule of law, 8–9, 77, 81, 102, 112–13, 251–53
Rumsfeld, Donald, 17, 21, 23, 32–35, 40–41, 47, 143–44, 146, 149–51, 154, 158, 168, 174, 178, 182–83, 193, 195, 198, 204–6, 209, 212–15, 227, 230, 241, 246, 249
Russia, 6, 73, 215, 220–21, 228, 235–37, 263. See also Soviet Union
Russian Strategic Missile Force, 228
Ruzicka, Maria, 30
Ryan, Leo J., 103
Ryukyu Petroleum, 181
Sachs, Jeffrey, 33
Safire, William, 256
Said, Edward, 75
Saipan, 263
Sakharov, Andrei, 223–24
Salman bin Abdul Aziz, 118
Samson, Victoria, 222
Sanchez, Ricardo, 34, 40–41, 43–44
Sandinistas, 165, 248
San Francisco Chronicle, 13, 247
Sappenfield, Mark, 148
Sardinia, 154
Sasebo, Japan, 178
Satellite Industry Association, 237, 238
satellites, 216–20, 232–41
Sao Tome and Principe military base, 148
Saudi Arabia, 3, 6, 9, 36, 48, 111, 115–19, 141, 143, 158–59, 163, 236
Saudi General Intelligence Department (Istakhbarat), 118
Scaife, Richard Mellon, 212
Scheuer, Michael, 99, 101, 122
Schlesinger, fames, 92, 94
Schneider, Rene, 107–9
Schneier, Brucé, 252
School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, 216
School of the Americas, 163
Schriever Air Force Base (Colorado), 234, 239
Schroder, Gerhard, 153
Schroen, Gary C., 100
Schuster, Angela M. H., 48
Schwarzenegger, Arnold, 162
Schwarzkopf, H. Norman, 227
Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), 212
Sciscioli, Alejandro, 168
Scott, Paul, 80
Scowcroft, Brent, 26
Scud missiles, 227
Seabees, 162
Second Infantry Division, 142
Second Space Operations Squadron, 234
secrecy, 1–2, 6, 19–20, 71, 89, 94–95, 120, 140–41, 249, 258, 278
Bush II and, 245–51
corruption covered by, 229–30
defense spending and, 264
FISA court and, 254–55
FOIA and, 245–48
plausible deniability and, 102–3
Sembawang port (Singapore), 146
Sensitized Compartmentalized Information Facility, 147, 166
separation of powers (balance of powers, checks and balances), 14–17, 23, 39, 55, 59–61, 63, 88–89, 91, 244, 252–54, 259, 266–68
September 11, 2001 (9/11) attacks, 2–5, 13, 25, 29, 34, 75–76, 89, 95–96, 98–100, 110, 130–35, 143, 231–32, 235–36, 249, 255, 265
Serbia, 120, 140
Serchuk, Vance, 148
Serrano, Richard A., 35
Seventh Fleet, 178
Sextus, king of Etruria, 60
sexual assaults, military and, 6, 146, 179–90, 192, 194, 206–7
Shakespeare, William, 56, 67
Shannon Peace Campers, 127
Shia Muslims, 87
Shreffler, John, 10–11
“signing statements,” 248, 257–59, 266
Silverstein, Ken, 263–64
Singapore, 85
Singh, Anupama Rao, 28
Sismi (Italian intelligence service), 132
60 Minutes (TV program), 25, 123
slavery, 75, 81
Sleeping with the Devil (Baer), 124–25
smart bombs, 232, 241
Smith, Lamar, 186
Smuts, Jan Christian, 87
Social Security, 272
SOFAs. See Status of Forces Agreements
Soldiers’ Satellite Network, 239
Solovtsov, Nikolai, 228
Somoza, Anastasio, 19
Sorrows of Empire, The, 5, 6, 10–11, 278
Soto Cano Air Base (Honduras), 146–47, 164–65
South Africa, 79, 87, 157
Southern Command (Southcom), 44, 61, 147, 163–65, 167
South Korea, 3, 19, 104, 142–43, 145, 150, 156, 172–73, 176–77, 201, 221, 236
South Pacific Mail (Chilean newspaper), 106
South Vietnam, 19, 250
Soviet Union (USSR), 14, 97–98, 105–6, 110–12, 115–17, 135, 148, 172, 216, 223–24, 274–75
collapse of, 1, 20, 117, 142, 152, 157, 210–11, 228
space, 208–21, 225, 232–42
Space Shuttle, 237
Space Surveillance Network, 216
Space Warfare Center, 239
Spain, 10, 19, 63, 76, 150, 154, 156
Spangdahlem Air Base (Germany), 155
Spanish-American War, 20, 163
Spataro, Armando, 132
special access programs (SAPs), 40, 229
Special Forces, 4, 31, 40, 100, 128, 147, 163–65, 168–69
Speicher, Michael, 163
Spinney, Franklin C., 230, 264
Spolar, Christine, 159
spy satellites, 221, 223, 233
stagflation, 274
Stahl, Lesley, 25
Stalinism, 275
standing armies, 22, 60, 65–66, 70, 273, 279
“Star Wars” (Strategic Defense Initiative, SDI), 199–200, 208–9, 223–24, 228
State Department, 15, 21, 27, 104, 144, 152, 167, 177, 188, 263, 268, 276
state terrorism, 102, 112, 163, 243
Status of Forces Agreements (SOFAs), 144, 149, 171–207
Steel, Ronald, 90, 273
Stephens, Joe, 124
Stern, Jessica, 167
Stevens, Ted, 265
Stiglitz, Joseph, 277
Stinger missiles, 114, 116–17
Streetcar Named Desire, A (Williams), 271
Strengthening U.S. Global Defense Posture (DOD report), 149
Stroessner, Alfredo, 169
Studies on Persianate Societies, 51
Subic Bay naval base (Philippines), 207
Sudan, 79, 94
Suetonius, 56, 64–65
Suez Canal, 87
Suharto, 19
Sullivan, Martin, 50–51
Sullivan, Michael, 19
Sulzberger, Arthur, Jr., 255
Sumerian civilization, 47, 51
Sunni Muslims, 87, 111
Sununu, John E., 251
supplementary war-spending bill of 2005, 159
surface-to-air missiles, 226
Suriname, 94
Swaggart, Jimmy, 4
Sweden, 123, 128–31
Swedish Security Police (SAPO), 128–30
Switzerland, 48
“sympathetic consideration” agreement (1996), 181, 185, 191, 193
Syria, 36, 48, 63, 125, 128, 141, 158, 162, 268
Tacitus, 56
Taepodong-2 (rocket), 221
Taft-HartleyAct (1947), 253
Taguba, Antonio, 41–42, 44
Taira, Koji, 171
Taiwan, 3, 19, 143, 198–99
Taji Air Base (Iraq), 161–62
Tajikistan, 152
Taliban, 31, 35–36, 53, 100, 110–11, 116–20, 143
Tallil Air Base (Iraq), 51–52, 162–63
Tanaka, Makiko, 184
tariffs, 82, 83
Tarloff, Erik, 71–72
TarnakFarm, 119
Tarquinius Superbus, king of Etruria, 60
Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 152–53
Tasmanians, 79
taxes, 150, 174, 230–31, 242, 275
Teets, Peter B., 215
Temara, Morocco (prison), 124
Temple Press Ltd., 126
Temptations of a Superpower (Steel), 90
Tenet, George, 92, 98, 100–101, 119–20, 123
Tennessee Valley Authority, 272
terminal phase interception, 221–22, 226–27
term limits, 61
Terror in the Name of God (Stern), 167
terrorism, 5, 14, 19, 37, 108–9, 148–49, 151, 166–70, 231. See also war on terror
Thailand, 36, 94, 124, 148
Thatcher, Margaret, 109
thinking, loss of ability for, 21–24
Iraq’s cultural treasures and, 45–53
killing of civilians and, 24–33
torture and, 33–45
Third Marine Expeditionary Force, 184, 193
Thirteenth Air For
ce, 202
Thomas, Clarence, 251
311th Military Intelligence Battalion, 42
372nd Military Police Company, 22
Tiberius, emperor of Rome, 69
Tibet, 94
“Tikrit South” air base (Iraq), 52, 162–63
Time, 177, 252
Timon of Athens (Shakespeare), 56
Tojo, Hideki, 200
Tolson, Clyde A., 247
Tomsen, Peter, 120
Tonkin Gulf Resolution, 249
Toronto Sun, 87
Torres, José, 189–90
torture, 5, 8, 19, 22–24, 33–45, 73, 86, 91, 102, 108, 120, 125, 128, 130, 134, 141, 152, 155, 246, 251, 256, 258, 266–67, 268
torture memos, 38–39, 251–52
Torture Papers, The, 39
Total Information Awareness (TIA), 256
Townley, Michael Vernon, 109
trade deficits, 8, 270, 271
Trager, David, 268
Treasury Department, 263, 276, 277
treaties, 8–9, 141
tribunes, 62–64, 68
Tricare, 277–78
Trocki, CarlA., 77
Truman, Harry S., 17, 93, 253
Tunisia, 148
Turkey, 48, 63, 94, 140, 143, 150, 156, 225
TV4 (Stockholm), 128, 130
Twenty-sixth Intelligence Group, 156
Twenty Years’ Crisis, The (Carr), 54
“Two Whatevers” principles, 252
Tyler, Patrick E., 58
tyranny, 16–17, 88–89
U-2 flights, 216, 226, 233
Udeid Air Base (Qatar), 159
Uganda, 148
Ugarte, Alejandro, 168
Ukraine, 20, 94, 152
UNESCO, 50
Union of Concerned Scientists, 227, 237, 239
Unisys Corporation, 257
unitary executive, 248, 251–54
United Arab Emirates, 9, 111, 118, 148, 150, 159
United Nations, 26, 263
Children’s Fund, 28
Convention against Torture (1984), 36, 130
“oil for food” program, 28–29
Security Council, 27–28, 199
U.S. Congress, 14, 245
Afghanistan and, 13, 113–14
budget and, 16–17
CIA and, 91, 94–95, 103–4
defense spending and, 210, 214–15, 229–32, 242, 270–71, 275–76
Iraq and, 60, 99, 159–60
missile defense and, 211–14, 229
overseas bases and, 145, 149–50, 188
power of, vs. president, 9, 13–14, 16–17, 20, 39, 60, 245–50, 252–68
torture and, 36, 44, 251
U.S. Constitution, 8–9, 13–17, 39, 55, 60, 88, 91, 99, 103, 244–45, 252–69
U.S. Family Network, 263
U.S. Forces Japan (USFJ), 180, 202
U.S. Forces Korea, 173
U.S. Government Manual, 127
U.S. House of Representatives, 14, 113
Appropriations Committee, 114–15, 260, 264
Armed Services Committee, 260
Foreign Operations Subcommittee, 114–15
Intelligence Committee, 99, 101, 115, 250, 260, 264
Rules Committee, 263