The Victorians

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The Victorians Page 88

by A. N. Wilson


  Gray, Fanny, 458

  Great Britain (ship), 138

  Great Exhibition (1851)

  attendance, 137–8, 145

  criticized, 136, 143

  designs for exhibition halls, 129–30

  exhibits, 138, 142–4

  internationalism, 127–8, 142–3

  opening, 137–8

  organization and planning, 128–30

  Royal Commission on, 128–9

  site, 129–30, 136

  see also Crystal Palace; Paxton, Sir Joseph; Pugin, Augustus Welby Northmore

  Great Ormond Street Children’s Hospital, London, 22

  Green, Ellen, 34–5

  Green, Rev. S.F., 369

  Green, Thomas Hill, 519–20, 517, 540, 570

  Greenwood, Frederick, 389

  Greville, Charles, 26

  Greville, Henry William, 238

  Grey, Charles, 2nd Earl, 39, 125, 142

  Grey, Sir George, 117

  Grosskurth, Phyllis, 291

  Grossmith, George, 423

  Diary of a Nobody (with Weedon Grossmith), 545

  Gruner, Louis, 143

  Gubbins, Martin, 216

  Guildhall School of Music, London, 410

  Guizot, François Pierre Guillaume, 114, 116, 123

  Gurkhas, 203, 209

  Gurney, Edmund, 439

  habeas corpus: suspended, 309

  haemophilia, 24, 504

  Haggard, Sir Henry Rider, 601, 604

  King Solomon’s Mines, 601–2

  She, 602

  hair: imported, 163

  Hairdressers Journal, The, 163

  hairdressing, 162–3

  Halifax, 1st Viscount see Wood, Sir Charles

  Hall, John; Bishop of Bristol, 369

  Hallam, Arthur, 99

  Hamelin, Admiral Alphonse Ferdinande, 179

  Hamill, Fred, 579

  Hamilton, Sir William, 349

  Hanham, Captain, 544

  Hannington, James, Bishop of East Equatorial Africa, 486–7, 491, 493

  Harcourt, Sir William, 390, 534, 588

  Hardie, Keir, 545, 573, 577–8, 580–2, 592, 616

  Hardy, Emma (née Gifford), 432

  Hardy, Thomas

  background and qualities, 431–3

  poetry, 433

  visits William Barnes, 430

  Far from the Madding Crowd, 432

  Jude the Obscure, 432

  ‘The Last Signal’, 430

  The Mayor of Casterbridge, 432

  ‘The Oxen’, 433

  The Return of the Native, 432

  Tess of the D’Urbervilles, 432

  Under the Greenwood Tree, 432

  Hare, Thomas, 295

  Hargreaves, Alan and Rex, 352

  Hargreaves, James, 249

  Harland, Henry, 552, 555

  Harmsworth, Alfred (later Viscount Northcliffe), 590–1

  Harmsworth, Harold Sidney (later 1st Viscount Rothermere), 590–1

  Harney, George Julian, 113–14, 118

  Harris, Frank, 560, 564, 597

  Harrow School, 281, 289–90

  Harrington, Marquess of see Devonshire, 8th Duke of

  Hastings, Lady Flora, 54

  Hastings, Warren, 202, 208

  Havelock, Brigadier-General (Sir) Henry, 212, 216–17

  ‘Hawarden Kite’(1885), 455–6

  Headlam, Rev. Stewart, 510

  Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 111, 147, 169, 231, 235, 349, 520, 570

  height (stature): average, 446

  Helmholtz, Hermann, 494

  Henty, George Alfred, 259–60, 339

  Hercegovina, 394

  heresy-hunting, 169–71

  Herschell, Rev. V., 270

  Hertz, Heinrich, 494

  Hewitt, Major-General W.H., 204–5

  Hibbert, Platt & Son (cotton spinners), 138

  Hicks, Harriet, 310–11

  Hicks, General William (Hicks Pasha), 467–8

  Hicks Beach, Sir Michael (later Earl St Aldwyn), 478, 530

  High Church see Oxford Movement

  Hignett Brothers (tobacco company), 198

  Hill, David Octavius, 437

  Hill, Frank Harrison, 461

  Hill, Geoffrey, 166

  Hill, Rowland, 128

  Hillegas, Howard, 610

  Hindlip, Henry Allsopp, 1st Baron, 583

  Hinduism, 201–2

  Hirth, Monsignor, 491

  Hitler, Adolf, 187

  Hobhouse, Emily, 612

  Hodges, E., 143

  Hodgson, Harriet, Lady, 215

  Hogarth, George, 411

  Holford, R.S., 382

  holidays see leisure

  Holland, Canon Henry Scott, 370

  Holmes, Sherlock (fictional character), 521, 527–9

  see also Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan

  Holstein, 239–40

  Holy Land, 171–3, 186

  home management, 261

  Home Rule see Ireland

  Home Rule Bill (1886), 479

  homosexuality, 290–1, 448, 561–2, 564–7

  and imperialism, 597–600

  Hong Kong, 124

  Hooker, Sir William Jackson, 229

  Hopkins, Gerard Manley, 554

  Hoppen, K. Theodore, 75

  Horner, John, 558

  horse racing, 409–10, 584–5

  Horsefield, John, 96

  hospitals: and VD, 308, 310

  houses

  of wealthy, 382–3

  see also country houses

  housing

  middle class, 262

  poor condition, 23

  for working classes, 443

  Housman, Alfred Edward: A Shropshire Lad, 566–7

  Howe, Joseph, 29

  Howick, Henry George, Viscount (later 3rd Earl Grey), 49

  Howley, William, Archbishop of Canterbury, 26

  Huddleston, Sir John, 422

  Hudson, Derek, 322

  Hueffer, Francis, 412

  Hughes, Thomas, 270, 292, 296–7, 367

  Tom Brown’s Schooldays, 263, 276–7, 279, 286–7, 289, 330

  Hungary, 393

  see also Austria-Hungary

  Hunt, Diana Holman: My Grandfather, 162

  Hunt, G.W., 399n

  Hunt, William Holman

  and Annie Miller, 161–2

  and black people, 258

  and Pre-Raphaelitism, 159

  revivalism, 185

  visit to Palestine, 171

  The Awakening Conscience (painting), 161, 163–4

  British Family Succouring a Christian (painting), 160

  The Light of the World (painting), 159–60, 163–4

  The Scapegoat (painting), 171

  Hussey, Rev. Dr (prison chaplain), 339

  Hutton, James, 97

  Hutton, Richard Holt, 462

  Huxley, Francis, 229

  Huxley, Thomas Henry, 228–9, 298, 304, 317, 376–7, 462

  Hyde Park, London: as site of Great Exhibition, 130, 136

  hymns, 103–4, 378

  Hyndman, Henry Mayers, 444, 480, 511

  Idealism, 520, 569–70, 606–7

  Ignatius, Father (Dewi Honddu), 438, 452

  Ilbert, Sir Courtenay, 499

  Illustrated London News (magazine), 142, 145, 213, 218

  Imperial British East Africa Company, 491

  Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, 144

  imperialism

  in Africa, 486–92

  and British dominance, 603, 607

  and domestic over-population, 512

  Kipling on, 496

  and manliness and homosexuality, 597–601

  and new world-order, 547

  and racial attitudes, 258–60, 499

  see also colonies; empire

  Independent Labour Party, 546, 573–4, 577–9, 581, 591, 594

  India

  British expansion in, 125

  British rule in (‘Raj’), 48, 220, 222, 499–5
01

  as cholera source, 34

  education in, 499–500

  Hindu-Mohammedan friction in, 499, 506

  land tenure in, 202

  nationalism and independence movement in, 206, 500–1, 600

  partition (1947), 498–9

  perceptions of, 258–9

  post-Mutiny distrust in, 222

  and racial attitudes, 209, 258–9

  reforms resisted, 221–2

  religion in, 202

  and Russian threat, 124, 173, 389

  and Suez Canal, 389–90, 465

  transferred to Crown (1858), 218, 221

  troops employed overseas, 400

  Victoria proclaimed Empress of, 218, 390–1

  see also East India Company; Indian Mutiny; Suez Canal

  Indian Mutiny (1857–8) army reforms following, 500

  atrocities and reprisals in, 207–9, 212–15

  causes, 126, 201, 206–7

  cholera in, 210

  civilian involvement in, 206–7

  and Delhi Declaration, 205–6

  as independence movement, 206

  Indian support for British in, 207

  outbreak and spread, 204–6

  perceptions of and reactions to, 217–23

  popular attitude to, 120

  warnings of, 204

  see also sepoys

  Indian National Congress, 206, 500

  industrial expansion see economic growth

  Industrial Revolution, 61, 98–9, 575

  industry, rural, 31

  Infants’ Custody Act (1925), 306

  Infants’ Custody Bill (1830), 306

  Inkerman, battle of (1854), 183, 186

  Innes, Rev. John, 226

  ‘intuitionist’ school of philosophy, 110

  Invincibles (Ireland), 453

  Ireland

  British army recruitment from, 193, 357

  British attitudes to people of, 69, 75–6, 80, 82–3, 120

  Catholic immigrants from, 82, 120, 140, 367

  Catholicism in, 68–9, 78, 101

  and Chartism, 116, 118

  cholera in, 35, 83

  Church Disestablishment, 338, 361, 371

  crime in, 78

  divorce not legalised in, 234

  and election (1885), 478

  emigration from, 80–1

  evictions, 451

  famine, 62, 74–83, 116, 185, 452

  and Fenianism, 127, 138–9, 357

  Gladstone’s mission in, 85

  Harriet Martineau on, 153

  Home Rule question, 250, 450, 453–4, 456, 460, 462, 479–80, 512, 516, 531, 591

  landlords and holdings in, 77–80, 83, 111, 451, 455, 530–1

  living conditions in, 79, 451

  nationalist violence in, 453

  Oxford Movement on, 101

  ‘Plan of Campaign’ in, 530

  as political ‘question’, 62, 70, 449, 460, 512, 516, 530–1

  population, 77

  potato as staple diet in, 76, 78

  poverty in, 78–9, 83, 452, 460

  Protestant Ascendancy in, 78, 371

  protests at corn exports from, 79–82

  railways in, 72, 77

  religion in, 451–2

  rent enforcement in, 455–6

  republicanism, 127

  transportation from, 126–7

  Victoria visits, 242, 502

  Irish Church Bill (1869), 361

  Irish Coercion Bill (1845), 73, 76

  Irish Land Acts

  (1870), 338, 361

  (1881), 455, 530

  iron and steel production, 15

  Isandhlwana, battle of (1879), 401

  Ismail, Khedive of Egypt, 389

  Italy

  independence movement in, 90, 123

  and papacy, 516

  united, 343

  visitors to, 84–91

  Jack the Ripper, 440, 521, 525–7

  Jackson, Dr F.D.S., 597

  Jacob’s Island, Bermondsey, 155

  Jamaica

  Assembly, 53

  importance as colony, 48

  made Crown Colony, 270

  Mary Seacole in, 177

  population, 269

  slaves freed, 53

  unrest and riots in, 48, 53, 126, 269–72

  see also Eyre, Edward John

  Jamaica Committee, 270, 298

  James, Henry, 413, 442, 483–4, 558, 568–9

  The Awkward Age, 459

  The Golden Bowl, 484

  Portrait of a Lady, 484

  The Princess Casamassima, 442, 445

  The Turn of the Screw, 568–9

  What Maisie Knew, 459

  James, Lawrence, 490

  James, William, 569

  Jameson Raid (1895), 596, 604–6, 609

  Jarrett, Rebecca, 475–6

  Jefferson, Thomas, 249

  Jenkins, Fleeming, 232

  Jenkins, Roy, Baron, 358, 458

  Jenney, William Le Baron, 494

  Jerrold, Douglas, 167

  Jerusalem, 172–3

  Jesus Christ

  as man-god, 162

  and miracles, 106

  views of, 167

  Jews

  George Eliot on, 408

  immigrants, 403, 511, 525

  in Parliament, 408

  see also anti-Semitism

  Jewsbury, Geraldine, 333

  Jex-Blake, Dr Sophia, 312

  Jhansi, 220

  jingoism, 399–400, 423

  Johannesburg, 606, 609

  John Bull (weekly), 127

  Johnson, Colonel Chardin, 222

  Johnson, Lionel, 552–4, 563

  Johnson, Rev. Paul, 199

  Johnson, Samuel, 131, 248, 333

  Johnston, Dr Charles, 34

  Jones, Ernest, 116, 119

  Jones, Sir Henry, 593

  Jones, Kennedy, 590

  Jordan, Dorothea, 24

  journalism see New Journalism; Press, the; Stead, William Thomas

  Jowett, Benjamin, 83, 327–8, 344, 350, 364, 425

  Joy, G.W.: Gordon’s Last Stand (painting), 470–1

  Joyce, James, 536

  Joynes, J.L., 577

  ‘July monarchy’ (Louis Philippe of France), 114

  Jung, Carl Gustav, 106

  Kabbalah, 551–2

  Kanpur (Cawnpore)

  on Independence Day, 222–3

  in Indian Mutiny, 207–8, 210–14

  Kant, Immanuel, 520

  Karim, Abdul (‘the Munshi’), 505–6, 616

  Kars, Armenia, 187

  Keate, John, 292

  Keble, John, 101, 361, 366

  Kelvin, William Thomson, Baron, 232

  Kemble, Fanny, 95

  Kennedy, Benjamin Hall, 280

  Kennington

  Chartist demonstration at, 118, 123

  model housing, 57

  Kensal Green cemetery, 541–3, 545

  Kensington Ladies’ Discussion Society, 313

  Kent, Constance, 266–8

  Kent, Prince Edward, Duke of (George III’s son), 24

  Kent, Victoire, Duchess of, Princess of Leiningen (Queen Victoria’s mother), 24–6, 54

  death, 241–2

  Keynes, John Maynard, Baron, 58, 592

  Khalifa (Dervish), 607

  Khartoum, 468–72, 493, 607

  see also Sudan

  Kilvert, Revd Francis: diaries, 426

  King, Rev. Bryan, 367

  King, Edward, Bishop of Lincoln, 519

  King Edward’s School, Birmingham, 63

  Kinglake, Alexander William

  Eothen, 186

  Invasion of the Crimea, 186

  Kingscole, Captain Nigel, 179

  Kingsley, Charles

  character, 295–7

  and Chartism, 45

  Christian Socialism, 149, 296, 516

  dispute with Newman, 302

  funeral, 296

  sexuality, 299–302

/>   supports Governor Eyre, 270

  tutors Prince of Wales, 273

  views and opinions, 297–9, 516

  Alton Lock, 149, 296

  St Elizabeth of Hungary, 300–1

  The Water Babies, 263, 295, 298–9, 303–4

  Yeast, 148–9, 296

  Kingsley, Fanny (née Grenfell), 298–301

  Kipling, Alice (Rudyard’s mother), 169n

  Kipling, Rudyard

  love of India, 222

  and manliness, 600–2

  qualities, 495–8, 500

  ‘Beyond the Pale’, 497–8

  Kim, 498

  ‘The King’, 496

  ‘McAndrew’s Hymn’, 495

  ‘Mandalay’, 496, 549, 553

  Plain Tales from the Hills, 497

  ‘Recessional’, 602

  Stalky and Co., 600

  ‘Thrown Away’, 498

  ‘The White Man’s Burden’, 496–7

  Kirkman, John Edward, 254

  Kirwan, Daniel, 525

  Kitchener, Field Marshal Horatio Herbert, 1st Earl, 471, 598–9, 607–8, 611–12

  Knight, Charles, 437

  Knock, South Mayo (Ireland), 451–2

  Knowlton, Charles L., 448

  Koch, Robert, 157

  Korn, Eric, 526

  Kruger, Stephanus Johannes Paulus, 596, 605–6, 608–9

  Ku Klux Klan, 256

  Kunwar Singh, Raja, 213

  Labouchere, Henry (later 1st Baron Taunton), 66, 130, 448

  Labour Annual, The, 578

  Labour Party, 194, 445, 573, 576–8, 592

  see also Independent Labour Party

  Labuan (East Indies), 124

  Lacaita, Sir Joseph, 85

  Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, 480

  Ladysmith, 610–11, 613

  laissez-faire, 75, 80, 148, 151

  Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste Antoine Pierre, Chevalier de, 96–7, 224

  Lamartine, Alphonse de, 123

  Lamb, Charles, 36

  Lambert and Butler (tobacco manufacturers), 198

  Lamington, Alexander Cochrane-Baillie, 1st Baron, 65

  La Mont, John, 43

  Lancashire: cotton industry, 248–50, 253–4, 257, 513

  Lancet, The (journal), 35–6, 312

  Land League (Ireland), 452, 454–5, 531

  land ownership, 427, 583, 586, 588, 594

  in Ireland, 77–80, 83, 111, 451, 455, 520–1

  Lang, John, 213

  Lansdowne, Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of, 39–40, 190, 382

  Lascelles family, 50

  la Touche, Rose, 325–6

  Lawrence, Sir Henry, 216–17

  Lawrence, Sir Thomas, 193

  Lawson, Malcolm, 510

  Layard, Sir Austen Henry, 191–2

  learning see autodidacticism; education

  Lecky, William Edward Hartpole, 322

  Le Corbusier (Charles Edouard Jeanneret), 144

  Lecours, M., 474

  Lehzen, Louisa, Baroness, 25

  Leigh-Smith, Barbara see Bodichon, Mme

  Leighton, Frederic, Baron, 322

  leisure, 409–10

  Leisure Hour (periodical), 93

  Lenin, Vladimir Ilich, 441–2, 590

  Leno, Dan, 521, 523–4

  Leo XIII, Pope, 515, 517

 

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