The Lost Gettysburg Address

by David T. Dixon

  17. Elias Longley, Report on the Trial of William R. Winton, M.D., on a Charge for Seducing Harriet Keever, in Preble Com. Pleases, on the Third and Fourth of June, 1850 (Cincinnati, Ohio: T. Wrightson, 1851).

  18. Charles Anderson to William Marshall Anderson, November 3, 1850, and January 21, 1851, Anderson Family Papers, Huntington Library. Cincinnati Enquirer, September 27, 1851.

  19. Anti-Slavery Bugle (Salem, Ohio), May 22, 1852.

  20. Charles Anderson, A Funeral Oration on the Character, Life, and Public Services of Henry Clay (Cincinnati, Ohio: Ben Franklin Office Print, 1852).

  FIVE: POLITICAL OUTCAST

  1. John Aston Warder and James W. Ward, ed., The Horticultural Review and Botanical Magazine (Cincinnati, Ohio: H. W. Derby, 1854), vol. 4, frontispiece, 141.

  2. Rufus King to Sarah Worthington King, January 14, 1855, Rufus King Papers, Cincinnati Historical Society Library, Ohio.

  3. Daily Ohio State Journal, September 3 and 27, 1855; and October 1, 2, and 13, 1855.

  4. Daily Ohio State Journal, June 14 and 26, July 25 and 29, 1856. Dayton Gazette, as quoted in the Daily Ohio State Journal, June 23, 1856.

  5. Charles Anderson to Orlando Brown, November 3 and 25, 1856, Orlando Brown Papers, Filson Historical Society, Louisville, Kentucky.

  SIX: TEXAS FEVER

  1. Daily Ohio State Journal, September 8 and 23, 1857; and October 12, 1857.

  2. Rufus King to Sarah Worthington King, May 15 and June 9, 1857, Rufus King Papers, Cincinnati Historical Society Library, Ohio.

  3. Charles Anderson to Allen Latham Anderson, January 2, 1894, Charles Anderson Family Papers, Ohio Historical Society, Columbus, Ohio.

  4. Frederick Law Olmsted, A Journey through Texas (New York: Dix, Edwards & Co., 1857), 148–160.

  5. Catherine Longworth to Ellen Ryan, November 8, 1858, Anderson Family Papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  6. Eliza Anderson to Maria Latham, April 18, 1859, Anderson Family Papers, Huntington Library.

  7. Stephan Schwartz, Twenty-two Months a Prisoner of War (St. Louis, Missouri: A. F. Nelson Publishing Co., 1892).

  8. City of San Antonio to Charles Anderson, May 10, 1860, Bexar County Deed Records, Book “S,” 121, Texas State Library, Austin. The land had been donated by the city of San Antonio to the U.S. government for a planned arsenal, which was begun and later abandoned. The land was recovered by the city and sold at auction.

  9. Zenas R. Bliss, “Reminiscences of Zenas R. Bliss,” Southwestern Historical Quarterly 110, no. 1 (July 2006): 85–107.

  10. Charles Anderson, A Paper Read before the Cincinnati Society of Ex-Army and Navy Officers, January 3d, 1884 (Cincinnati, Ohio: Peter G. Thomson, 1884).

  11. Joseph H. Holt to Larz Anderson, February 16, 1860, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library.

  12. Charles Anderson, unidentifed manuscript, Charles Anderson Family Papers, Ohio Historical Society. This appears to be a draft of Anderson’s speech delivered at Cooper Union in New York City in January 1862.

  13. Goliad Messenger, March 31, 1860.

  14. Charles Anderson to Elizabeth Gwalthney, July 4, 1860. Daily Ledger and Texan (San Antonio), June 20, 1860.

  15. Donald E. Reynolds, “Texas Troubles,” in Handbook of Texas Online, Texas State Historical Association (http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/vetbr), accessed December 31, 2014.

  16. Charles Anderson to Rufus King, November 13, 1860, Rufus King Papers, Cincinnati Historical Society Library, Ohio.

  SEVEN: DEBATE AT ALAMO SQUARE

  1. Charles Anderson, Speech of Charles Anderson, Esq., on the State of the Country, at a Meeting of the People of Bexar County, at San Antonio, Texas, November 24, 1860 (Washington, D.C.: Lemuel Towers, 1860). Charles Anderson, A Paper Read before the Cincinnati Society of Ex-Army and Navy Officers, January 3d, 1884 (Cincinnati, Ohio: Peter G. Thomson, 1884).

  2. Charles Anderson to Rufus King, December 2, 1860, Rufus King Papers, Cincinnati Historical Society Library, Ohio. San Antonio Ledger and Texan, December 1, 1860. Cincinnati Daily Enquirer, December 18, 1860. George W. Pendleton to Rufus King, December 25, 1860, Rufus King Papers, Cincinnati Historical Society Library.

  EIGHT: TREACHERY AND TREASON

  1. Charles Anderson to Rufus King, December 7, 1860, Rufus King Papers, Cincinnati Historical Society Library, Ohio.

  2. Bickley explained the aims of the KGC at a public meeting held in San Antonio. Alamo Express (San Antonio, Texas), November 5, 1860.

  3. Zenas R. Bliss, “Reminiscences of Zenas R. Bliss,” Southwestern Historical Quarterly 110, no. 1 (July 2006): 85–107.

  4. Charles Anderson, A Paper Read before the Cincinnati Society of Ex-Army and Navy Officers, January 3d, 1884 (Cincinnati, Ohio: Peter G. Thomson, 1884).

  5. Charles Anderson to Thomas Corwin, January 21, 1861, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  6. David Detzer, Allegiance: Fort Sumter, Charleston, and the Beginning of the Civil War (New York: Harcourt, 2001), 150–152.

  7. Charles Anderson to Rufus King, February 9, 1861, Rufus King Papers, Cincinnati Historical Society Library, Ohio.

  8. Anderson, A Paper Read before the Cincinnati Society.

  9. Charles Anderson to Rufus King, February 9 and March 24, 1861, Rufus King Papers, Cincinnati Historical Society Library.

  10. Bliss, “Reminiscences of Zenas R. Bliss.”

  11. James P. Newcomb, Sketch of Secession Times in Texas and Journal of Travel from Texas through Mexico to California (San Francisco, 1863). See also the James Pearson Newcomb Sr. Papers, 1835–1941, Center for American History, University of Texas at Austin.

  12. Cincinnati Daily Press, June 1, 1861.

  NINE: CAPTURE

  1. Congressional Globe, 37th Congress, 3rd Session, 205 (1863). Charles and Eliza Anderson to William McLane, May 6, 1862, Bexar County Deed Records, Book “S,” 285, Texas State Library, Austin. Anderson sold the house and surrounding ranch lands to McLane for ten thousand dollars.

  2. The primary source for this chapter is Kitty Anderson Civil War Diary, 1861, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, University of Texas at Austin.

  3. Richmond Enquirer (Richmond, Virginia), October 24, 1861.

  4. Henry Eustace McCulloch to Charles Anderson, October 4, 1861, Anderson Family Papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, California; and Henry Eustace McCulloch to Paul O. Hébert, October 4, 1861, in The War of the Rebellion: Offical Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, 1861–1865 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1880–1901), ser. 1, vol. 4, 114–115.

  TEN: EXODUS

  1. Eliza Anderson to “brother,” October 30, 1861, Skinner collection, Pinedale, Wyoming.

  2. Kitty Anderson Civil War Diary, 1861, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, University of Texas at Austin.

  ELEVEN: ESCAPE

  1. Zenas R. Bliss, “Reminiscences of Zenas R. Bliss,” Southwestern Historical Quarterly 110, no. 1 (July 2006): 85–107. Kitty Anderson Civil War Diary, 1861, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, University of Texas at Austin.

  2. De Witt C. Peters to Adjutant General Lorenzo Thomas, October 20, 1861, in The War of the Rebellion: Offical Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, 1861–1865 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1880–1901), ser. 2, vol. 1, 65.

  3. Ann S. Ludlum to Charles Anderson, October 7, 1865; Ann S. Ludlum to Eliza Anderson, July 15, 1866, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, California. Charles Anderson to Lorenzo Shearwood, September 26, 1865; Charles Anderson to Nelson Sayler, October 24, 1865; and Charles Anderson to Florida Tunstall, October 25, 1865, Charles Anderson Papers, Ohio Historical Society, Columbus.

  4. J. C. Houzeau, La Terreur Blanche au Texas et Mon Evasion (Brussels: Ve Parent & Fils, 1863), 44–56.

  5. William Bayard to Charles Anderson, December 9, 1865, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library. Samuel J. Bayard, The Life of George
Dashiell Bayard (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1874), 304–306.

  6. Kitty Anderson Civil War Diary, 1861.

  7. Texas State Gazette (Austin), November 9, 1861. Dallas Herald, November 13, 1861.

  8. Colonel John S. Ford to Captain D. C. Stith, November 9, 1861, in War of the Rebellion, ser. 2, vol. 1, 93.

  TWELVE: HOMEWARD

  1. Kitty Anderson Civil War Diary, 1861, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, University of Texas at Austin.

  2. Charles Anderson to Eliza Anderson, November 9, 1861, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  3. Cincinnati Daily Press, December 13, 1861, and January 9, 1862. New York Times, December 11, 1861.

  THIRTEEN: HERO

  1. New York Times, December 21, 22, and 24, 1861.

  2. Charles Anderson to Major General Henry Halleck, January 7, 1862, in The War of the Rebellion: Offical Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, 1861–1865 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1880–1901), ser. 2, vol. 1, 70. Charles Anderson to General Lorenzo Thomas, February 7, 1862, in War of the Rebellion, ser. 2, vol. 1, 79. Charles Anderson to Edwin Stanton, February 7, 1862, in War of the Rebellion, ser. 2, vol. 1, 79–81.

  3. Gallipolis (Ohio) Journal, January 23, 1862.

  4. Charles Anderson to Eliza Anderson, January 18, 1862, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  5. James Russell Lowell to Mary A. Clarke, May 17, 1890, The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine, vol. 51 (1896): 545.

  6. Gordon H. Warren, Fountain of Discontent: The Trent Affair and Freedom of the Seas (Boston, Massachusetts: Northeastern University Press, 1981).

  7. Charles Anderson to Eliza Anderson, March 28 and 29, May 16 and 21, and June 23, 1862; Charles Anderson to Kitty Anderson, May 13 and 30, 1862; and Charles Anderson to Charles Francis Adams, April 24, 1862, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library.

  FOURTEEN: RANK AMATEURS

  1. Enlistment broadside of Charles Anderson, Ninety-Third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1863. Charles Anderson Family Papers, Ohio Historical Society, Columbus. Robert W. Steele and Mary Davies Steele, Early Dayton (Dayton, Ohio: U. B. Publishing House, 1896), 205. Cincinnati Daily Enquirer, July 10, 1862.

  2. Charles Hill, Adjutant General, to Charles Anderson, August 8, 1862, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, California. New York Times, August 9, 1862.

  3. Historical context for this chapter is taken principally from James Lee McDonough, War in Kentucky: From Shiloh to Perryville (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1991), 61–87, 104–127, 144–157, 182–245, and 296 –325.

  4. Dayton (Ohio) Journal, August 16, 1862.

  5. The War of the Rebellion: Offical Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, 1861–1865 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1880–1901), ser. 1, vol. 16, part 1, 908–909.

  6. Samuel B. Smith, Autobiography of Samuel B. Smith transcription by Paul D. Cameruci, unpublished manuscript, undated, Dayton Metro Library.

  7. Henry Richards, Letters of Captain Henry Richards of the Ninety-Third Ohio Infantry (Cincinnati: Wrightson and Company, 1883). Alfred Demoret, A Brief History of the Ninety-Third Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry: Recollections of a Private (Ross, Ohio: 1898). Companion J. T. Patton, Personal Recollections of Four Years in Dixie (Detroit: Winn & Hammond, 1892).

  8. A. T. Babbitt to Eliza Anderson, September 11, 1862, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  9. Hiram Strong, Inventory, Calendar, and Index of the Hiram Strong Papers, 1862–1863 by Ronald Jan Plavchan, unpublished typescript, 1964, Dayton Metro Library.

  10. Charles Anderson to Eliza Anderson, September 30, 1862, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library.

  11. Charles Anderson to Kitty Anderson, October 7, 1862, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library.

  12. Charles Anderson to Eliza Anderson, October 16, 1862, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library.

  13. Charles Anderson to Kitty Anderson, October 26, 1862, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library.

  14. A. T. Babbitt to Eliza Anderson, October 29, 1862, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library. Rosecrans’s army was officially called the Fourteenth Army Corps until after the Battle of Stones River, but this was a temporary designation. Most historians refer to this army by its later name, the Army of the Cumberland.

  15. Charles Anderson to Eliza Anderson, October 29 and November 3, 1862, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library.

  16. Strong, Inventory, Calendar, and Index of the Hiram Strong Papers. Dayton Daily Empire, December 15, 1862. War of the Rebellion, ser. 1, vol. 20, part 1, 34–37.

  17. Charles Anderson to Eliza Anderson, December 7, 1862, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library.

  18. Charles Anderson to Eliza Anderson, December 23, 1862, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library.

  19. David R. Logsdon, ed., Eyewitnesses at the Battle of Stones River (Nashville, Tennessee: David R. Logsdon, 2002).

  FIFTEEN: BLOOD AND BUTTONS

  1. For detailed accounts of the Battle of Stones River used in this chapter, see Peter Cozzens, No Better Place to Die (Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1990); James Lee McDonough, Stones River: Bloody Winter in Tennessee (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1980); Matt Spruill and Lee Spruill, Winter Lightning: A Guide to the Battle of Stones River (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2007), and Blue & Gray Magazine 28, no. 6.

  2. The War of the Rebellion: Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, 1861–1865 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1880–1901), ser. 1, vol. 20, part 1, 336–347, 445.

  3. Ibid., 558–563, 570–571.

  4. Bragg’s telegram to Richmond as printed in Charleston Mercury, January 3, 1863.

  5. Poem from Nicholas L. Anderson, The Letters and Journals of Nicholas Longworth Anderson (New York: Fleming H. Revel, 1942).

  6. Frank Moore, ed., The Rebellion Record: A Diary of American Events (New York: G. P. Putnam, 1863), vol. 6, 160. Abraham Lincoln, The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln, ed. Roy P. Basler (New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1953), 424–425.

  7. Charles Anderson to Eliza, Kitty, and Belle Anderson, January 7, 1863, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library.

  8. David R. Logsdon, ed., Eyewitnesses at the Battle of Stones River (Nashville, Tennessee: D. R. Logsdon, 1989), 86–89.

  9. Charles Anderson to Kitty Anderson, January 2, 1863, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  10. Charles Anderson to Eliza, Kitty, and Belle Anderson, January 7, 1863; Charles Anderson to Belle Anderson, January 9, 1863, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library. Dayton Daily Empire, February 5 and 28, 1863.

  SIXTEEN: A DANGEROUS MAN

  1. James L. Vallandigham, A Life of Clement L. Vallandigham (Baltimore, Maryland: Turnbull Brothers, 1872), 478–479.

  2. Clement L. Vallandigham, Speeches, Arguments, Addresses, and Letters of Clement L. Vallandigham (New York: J. Walter and Co., 1864), 305.

  3. Frank L. Klement, The Limits of Dissent: Clement L. Vallandigham and the Civil War (Louisville: University Press of Kentucky, 1970), 105.

  4. Klement, The Limits of Dissent, 102–116.

  5. Clement L. Vallandigham, The Record of Hon. C. L. Vallandigham (Cincinnati, Ohio: J. Walter and Co., 1863). Anderson’s personal copy of this work includes extensive penciled margin notes in his own hand (Skinner collection, Pinedale, Wyoming).

  6. From George H. Porter, Ohio Politics during the Civil War Period (New York: AMS Press, 1911).

  7. Charles Anderson, Letter Addressed to the Opera House Meeting, Cincinnati, Loyal Publication Society No. 21 (New York: W. C. Bryant & Co., 1863).

  8. Porter, Ohio Politics, 177.

  9. Klement, The Limits of Dissent, 116–213.

&n
bsp; SEVENTEEN: SEVERING THE HEAD OF THE SNAKE

  1. The poem “Vallandigham: The Bastilled Hero” and other facts in this passage are largely from Frank L. Klement, The Limits of Dissent: Clement L. Vallandigham and the Civil War (Louisville: University Press of Kentucky, 1970), 213–256.

  2. George H. Porter, Ohio Politics during the Civil War Period (New York: AMS Press, 1911), 177.

  3. Cincinnati Daily Enquirer, June 17, 1863.

  4. John Caldwell to Charles Anderson, June 18, 1863; William Johnston to Charles Anderson, June 19, 1863, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, California. Cincinnati Daily Enquirer, July 7, 1863.

  5. Larz Anderson to Charles Anderson, June 26 and July 4, 1863; John Caldwell to Charles Anderson, July 1, 1863, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library. Jeffersonian Democrat, July 24, 1863. Ohio Statesman, July 11, 1863.

  6. Porter, Ohio Politics, 167–199.

  7. Joseph H. Geiger to Charles Anderson, July 10, 1863, Richard Clough Anderson Papers, Huntington Library. Dayton Empire, March 27, 1863.

  8. Joseph Leeds to Liberty Ball, October 13, 1863, Cincinnati Historical Society Library, Ohio. Cleveland Morning Leader, October 8, 1863.

  9. Daily Ohio Statesman, August 27, 1863. Daily Empire (Dayton, Ohio), August 29 and September 2, 1863. Belmont (Ohio) Chronicle, October 1, 1863.

  10. This telegram, repeated in countless histories as addressed to either Tod or Brough, is not found in the voluminous records of Lincoln correspondence.