Enlightenment: Britain and the Creation of the Modern World

by Roy Porter

  Philip Ayres, Classical Culture and the Idea of Rome in Eighteenth-century England (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997)

  Robert W. Babcock, The Genesis of Shakespeare Idolatry, 1766–1799: A Study in English Criticism of the Late Eighteenth Century (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1931)

  Paula R. Backscheider, Daniel Defoe: His Life (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989)

  ———, Spectacular Politics: Theatrical Power and Mass Culture in Early Modern England (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994)

  Marc Baer, The Theatre and Disorder in Late Georgian London (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991)

  Robert Bage, Man as He is, 4 vols. (London: Lane, 1792)

  ———, Hermsprong, or Man as He is Not, V. Wilkins (ed.) (London: Turnstile Press, 1951 [London: Lane, 1796])

  Charles F. Bahmueller, The National Charity Company: Jeremy Bentham's Silent Revolution(Berkeley: University of California Press,1981)

  M. Bailey (ed.), Boswell's Column (London: William Kimber, 1951)

  Nathan Bailey, Universal Etymological English Dictionary (London: Bell, 1721)

  Paul Baines, The House of Forgery in Eighteenth-century Britain (Aldershot: Ashgate, 1999)

  Herschel Baker, The Dignity of Man: Studies in the Persistence of an Idea (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1947)

  M. M. Bakhtin, Rabelais and His World, trans. by H. Iswoldsky (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1968)

  Katherine Balderston (ed.), Thraliana: The Diary of Mrs Hester Lynch Thrale, Later Mrs Piozzi, 1776–1809, 2 vols. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1942)

  Chris Baldick, In Frankenstein's Shadow: Myth, Monstrosity, and Nineteenth-century Writing (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987)

  Harry Ballam and Roy Lewis (eds.), The Visitors' Book: England and the English as Others Have Seen Them (London: Max Parrish, 1950)

  Ros Ballaster, Seductive Forms: Women's Amatory Fiction, 1684–1740 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992)

  J. B. Bamborough, The Little World of Man: An Account of Renaissance Psychological Theory(London: Longmans, Green, 1952)

  Samuel Bamford, The Autobiography of Samuel Bamford, vol. i: Early Days (London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co., 1848–9; repr., London: Frank Cass, 1967)

  Stephen Bann, The Clothing of Clio: A Study of the Representation of History in Nineteenth-century Britain and France (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984)

  ——— (ed.), Frankenstein, Creation and Monstrosity (London: Reaktion Books, 1994)

  Anna Barbauld, Address to Opposers of the Repeal of the Corporation and Test Acts (London: Johnson, 1790)

  N. Barbon, A Discourse of Trade (London: Thomas Milbourn, 1690; repr. J. Hollander (ed.), Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1905)

  Michael Barfoot, ‘Priestley, Reid's Circle and the Third Organon of Human Reasoning’, in R. G. W. Anderson and Christopher Lawrence (eds.), Science, Medicine and Dissent: Joseph Priestley (1733–1804) (London: Wellcome Trust/Science Museum, 1987), 81–9

  Hannah Barker, Newspapers, Politics and Public Opinion in Late Eighteenth-century England (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998)

  Theo Barker (ed.), The Long March of Everyman 1750–1960 (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1978)

  G.J. Barker-Benfield, The Culture of Sensibility: Sex and Society in Eighteenth-century Britain (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992)

  Jeffrey Barnouw, ‘Hobbes's Psychology of Thought: Endeavours, Purpose and Curiosity’, History of European Ideas, x (1990), 519–45

  Richard Baron, The Pillars of Priestcraft and Orthodoxy Shaken, 2nd edn, 4 vols. (London: Cadell, 1768)

  Poulain de la Barre, De l'égalité des deux sexes (Paris: du Puis, 1673)

  John Barrell, The Idea of Landscape and the Sense of Place 1730–1840: An Approach to the Poetry of John Clare (London: Cambridge University Press, 1972)

  ———, The Dark Side of the Landscape: The Rural Poor in English Painting, 1730–1840 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980)

  ———, English Literature in History, 1730–80: An Equal, Wide Survey (London: Hutchinson, 1983)

  ———, The Political Theory of Painting from Reynolds to Hazlitt: The Body of the Public (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1986)

  William Barrett, Death of the Soul. Philosophical Thought from Descartes to the Computer (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987)

  James Barry, The Works of James Barry, Esq., Historical Painter, 2 vols. (London: Cadell and Davies, 1809)

  Jonathan Barry and Christopher Brooks (eds.), The Middling Sort of People: Culture, Society and Politics in England, 1550–1800 (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1994)

  R. Bartel, ‘Suicide in Eighteenth-century England: The Myth of a Reputation’, Huntingdon Library Quarterly, xxiii (1959), 145–55

  Jonathan Bate, Shakespearean Constitutions: Politics, Theatre, Criticism 1730–1830 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989)

  Walter Jackson Bate, From Classic to Romantic: Premises of Taste in Eighteenth-century England (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1946)

  W.J. Bate, J. M. Bullitt, and L. F. Powell (eds.), Samuel Johnson: The Idler and Adventurer (New Haven, Conn.: The Yale Edition of the Works of Samuel Johnson, Yale University Press, 1963)

  W.J. Bate and A. B. Straus (eds.), Samuel Johnson: The Rambler, 3 vols. (New Haven, Conn.: The Yale Edition of the Works of Samuel Johnson, Yale University Press, 1969)

  William Battie, A Treatise on Madness (London: Whiston & White, 1758)

  Daniel A. Baugh, Poverty, Protestantism and Political Economy: English Attitudes towards the Poor 1660–1800 (Clark Library, Los Angeles: University of California, Los Angeles, 1977–8)

  Michael Baxandall, Shadows and Enlightenment (London and New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995)

  J. M. Beattie, The English Court in the Reign of George I (Cambridge University Press, 1967)

  John Beaumont, An Historical, Physiological and Theological Treatise of Spirits, Apparitions, Witchcrafts and Other Magical Practises… With a Refutation of Dr Bekker's World Bewitch'd; and Other Authors that Have Opposed the Belief of Them (London: Brown, 1705)

  D. W. Bebbington, Evangelicalism in Modern Britain: A History from the 1730s to the 1980s (London: Routledge, 1988)

  Carl Becker: The Heavenly City of the Eighteenth-century Philosophers (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1932)

  G. Becker, The Mad Genius Controversy (London & Beverly Hills: Sage, 1978)

  Marvin B. Becker, The Emergence of Civil Society in the Eighteenth Century (Indiana: Indiana University Press, 1994)

  J. V. Beckett, The Aristocracy in England, 1660–1914 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1986)

  Robert Beddard (ed.), The Revolutions of 1688 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991)

  Thomas Beddoes (ed.), Chemical Experiments and Opinions; Extracted From a Work Published in the Last Century (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1790)

  ———, The History of Isaac Jenkins, and of the Sickness of Sarah His Wife, and Their Three Children (Madeley: sn, 1792)

  ———, Observations on the Nature of Demonstrative Evidence; with an Explanation of Certain Difficulties in the Elements of Geometry, and Reflections on Language (London: Johnson, 1793)

  ——, A Letter to Erasmus Darwin… on a New Method of Treating Pulmonary Consumption, and Some Other Diseases Hitherto Found Incurable (Bristol: Bulgin & Rosser, 1793)

  ———, Hygëia: or Essays Moral and Medical, on the Causes Affecting the Personal State of Our Middling and Affluent Classes, 3 vols. (Bristol: Phillips, 1802–3)

  D. Beekman, The Mechanical Baby: A Popular History of the Theory and Practice of Child-raising (London: Dennis Dobson, 1979)

  E. S. De Beer (ed.), The Diary of John Evelyn, 6 vols. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1955)

  —— (ed.), The Correspondence of John Locke, 8 vols. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976–89)

  Margaret Beetham, A Magazine of Her Own? Domesticity and Desire in the Woman's Magazine 1800–1914 (London and New York: Routled
ge, 1996)

  D. P. Behan, ‘Locke on Persons and Personal Identity’, Canadian Journal of Philosophy, ix (1979), 53–75

  Aphra Behn, Oroonoko or the Royal Slave (London: Canning, 1688)

  A. L. Beier, ‘ “Utter Strangers to Industry, Morality and Religion”: John Locke on the Poor’, Eighteenth-century Life, xii (1988), 28–41

  Terry Belanger, ‘Publishers and Writers in Eighteenth-century England’, in Isabel Rivers (ed.), Books and Their Readers in Eighteenth-century England (Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1982), 5–25

  A. Beljame, Men of Letters and the English Public in the Eighteenth Century, 1660–1744 (London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1948)

  Ian H. Bell, Literature and Crime in Augustan England (London: Routledge, 1991)

  John Bellers, Proposals for Raising a College of Industry of All Useful Trades and Husbandry(London: Sowle, 1696)

  Catherine Belsey, ‘Afterword: A Future for Materialist-Feminist Criticism?’ in Valerie Wayne (ed.), The Matter of Difference: Materialist-Feminist Criticism of Shakespeare (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1991)

  Ilana Krausman Ben-Amos, Adolescence and Youth in Early Modern England (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1994)

  John Bender, Imagining the Penitentiary. Fiction and the Architecture of Mind in Eighteenth-century England (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987)

  ———, ‘A New History of the, Eighteenth-century Life, xvi (1992), 1–20

  John Bennett, Strictures on Female Education Chiefly as It Relates to the Culture of the Heart, in Four Essays (London: T. Cadell, 1787)

  Jeremy Bentham, An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (London: Payne,1789)

  ———, Panopticon; or, The Inspection-House, 3 vols. (London: Payne, 1791)

  ———, Plan of Parliamentary Reform (London: Wooler, 1817)

  ———, Church of Englandism, and Its Catechism Examined (London: Wilson, 1818)

  ———, Not Paul but Jesus (London: sn, 1823)

  ———, The Book of Fallacies (London: Hunt, 1824)

  ———, A Fragment of Government and An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation, W. Harrison (ed.) (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1948 [1776 and 1789])

  ———, ‘Offenses against One's Self: Paederasty’, Journal of Homosexuality, iii (1978), 389–405; iv (1979), 91–109

  ———, A Fragment on Government, Ross Harrison (intro.), J. H. Burns and H. L. A. Hart (eds.), (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988 [1776])

  ———, The ‘Panopticon’ Writings, Miran Bozovic (ed.) (London: Verso, 1995)

  M. Bentham-Edwards (ed.), The Autobiography of Arthur Young (London: Smith, Elder, 1898)

  [Thomas Bentley], Letters on the Utility and Policy of Employing Machines to Shorten Labour (London: Becket, 1780)

  John Beresford (ed.), The Diary of a Country Parson: The Rev. James Woodforde, 1758–1802, 5 vols. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978–81)

  Maxine Berg, The Age of Manufactures, 1700–1820: Industry, Innovation and Work in Britain (London: Routledge, 1994)

  Maxine Berg and Helen Clifford (eds.), Consumers and Luxury: Consumer Culture in Europe 1650–1850 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1999)

  T. Goddard Bergin and Max H. Fish (trans.), The New Science of Giambattista Vico (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1948 [trans. of 3rd edn, 1744])

  George Berkeley, An Essay towards a New Theory of Vision, 2nd edn (Dublin: Aaron Rhames, 1709)

  ———, Treatise concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge (Dublin: Pepyat, 1710)

  Isaiah Berlin, Four Essays on Liberty (London: Oxford University Press, 1969)

  David Berman, A History of Atheism in Britain from Hobbes to Russell (London: Croom Helm, 1988)

  Marshall Berman, All That is Solid Melts into Air: The Experience of Modernity (London: Verso, 1983)

  Ann Bermingham, Landscape and Ideology: The English Rustic Tradition 1740–1860 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986)

  Martin Bernal, Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization, vol. i: The Fabrication of Ancient Greece, 1785–85 (London: Free Association Books, 1987)

  John Andrew Bernstein, ‘Shaftesbury's Optimism and Eighteenth-century Social Thought’, in A. C. Kors and Paul J. Korshin (eds.), Anticipations of the Enlightenment in England, France and Germany (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1987), 86–101

  Peter L. Bernstein, Against the Gods: The Remarkable Story of Risk (New York: John Wiley, 1996)

  Christopher J. Berry, ‘ “Climate” in the Eighteenth Century: James Dunbar and the Scottish Case’, Texas Studies in Literature and Language, xvi (1974), 281–92

  ——, ‘James Dunbar and the Enlightenment Debate on Language’, in Jennifer J. Carter and Joan H. Pittock (eds.), Aberdeen and the Enlightenment. Proceedings of a Conference Held at the University of Aberdeen (Aberdeen University Press, 1987), 241–50

  ———, The Idea of Luxury: A Conceptual and Historical Investigation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994)

  ———, Social Theory of the Scottish Enlightenment (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1997)

  Helen Berry, ‘ “Nice and Curious Questions”: Coffee Houses and the Representations of Women in John Dunton's Athenian Mercury’, Seventeenth Century, xii (1997), 257–76

  H. Digby Beste, Personal and Literary Memorials (London: Henry Colburn, 1829)

  Bruno Bettelheim, The Uses of Enchantment: The Meaning and Importance of Fairy Tales (New York: Vintage, 1977)

  Alan Bewell, Wordsworth and the Enlightenment: Nature, Man, and Society in the Experimental Poetry (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1989)

  Thomas Bewick: A Memoir of Thomas Bewick, Written by Himself (London: The Cresset Press, 1961 [1862])

  Christina Bewley and David Bewley, Gentleman Radical: A Life of John Home Tooke, 1736–1812 (London: Tauris, 1998)

  John C. Biddle, ‘Locke's Critique of Innate Principles and Toland's Deism’, in John W. Yolton (ed.), Philosophy, Religion and Science in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (Rochester: University of Rochester Press, 1990), 140–51

  Thomas Birch (ed.), The Works of the Honourable Robert Boyle, 5 vols. (London: Millar, 1744)

  P.J. Bishop, A Short History of the Royal Humane Society (London: The Society, 1974)

  Roberta Bivins, ‘Expectations and Expertise: Early British Responses to Chinese Medicine’, History of Science, xxxvii (1999), 459–89

  Jeremy Black (ed.), Britain in the Age of Walpole (London: Macmillan, 1984)

  ———, The British and the Grand Tour (London: Croom Helm, 1985)

  ——, The English Press in the Eighteenth Century (London: Croom Helm, 1986)

  ——— (ed.), Eighteenth-century Europe 1700–1789 (London: Macmillan, 1990)

  ——, ‘Ideology, History, Xenophobia and the World of Print in Eighteenth-century England’, in Jeremy Black and Jeremy Gregory (eds.), Culture, Politics and Society in Britain, 1660–1800 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1991), 184–216

  ———, A System of Ambition? British Foreign Policy 1660–1793 (London: Longman, 1991)

  ———, The Politics of Britain, 1688–1800 (Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 1993)

  ———, An Illustrated History of Eighteenth-century Britain, 1688–1793 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1996)

  Jeremy Black and Jeremy Gregory (eds.), Culture, Politics and Society in Britain, 1660–1800 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1991)

  J. B. Black, The Art of History (New York: Russell & Russell, 1965)

  Scott Black, ‘Social and Literary Form in the Spectator’, Eighteenth Century Studies, xxxiii (1999), 21–42

  Richard Blackmore, Creation: A Philosophical Poem, in Seven Books (London: Buckley, Tonson, 1712)

  William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, 4 vols. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1765–9; facsimile, Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1979)

  A. Blackwall, The Sacred Classics Defended and Illustrated (London: J. Bettenham, 1725)

  Hugh Blair, A Critical Dissertation on the Poems of Ossian (London: Becket and de Hondt, 1765) ———, Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres, 3 vols. (Dublin: Whitestone, Colles, etc., 1783)

  Marc Bloch, The Royal Touch: Sacred Monarchy and Scrofula in England and France, J. E. Anderson (trans.) (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1973)