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Index
Adams, Abigail, 39, 235, 267, 414
communication with Madison, 252–253
letters from, 276–277, 373–374
letters to JQA, 193–194
“Adams and Liberty” (“Boston Patriotic Song”), 27, 33
Adams, Charles (son), 33, 175, 354
as adult, 449
care of, 156
illness, 249
invitation to palace, 162, 243
John’s attention to education, 355
Adams family
absence of letters in winter, 369–370
emperor access to letters, 242
letters from, 276, 282–283, 373
missed activity in Boston, 235–236
writings, Charles as editor, 449
Adams, George (son), 33, 232, 403–404
arrival in London, 445–446
death, 448
education, 323–324
John’s decision to leave in US, 39–40
John’s plan for, 333–334
JQA letters to, 73–74
Adams, John (father), 20, 35, 40–41, 306–307
on conscience, 50
death, 446
England’s acceptance of credentials, 102
at Philadelphia Continental Congress, 96–97
Adams, John Quincy
appointment as minister to Great Britain, 444
appointment to peace negotiations, 384
arrival in Paris 1815, 7–9
clash of principles, 187
clothes style, 89–91
concerns over possible resignation, 259
conversation with father, 28
daily routine in St. Petersburg, 127
death, 450
diaries, ix
birthday entry in 1812, 340
on love for Louisa, 300
reflections on 1809, 141
eagerness to return to U.S., 21–22
election to US House of Representatives, 450
as exile in Russia, 97, 336–337
faith of, 141, 348
honesty of, 289–290
in House of Commons, 444
illness, 162–163
instructions to begin commerce treaty negotiations, 290–291
literary collection, 294–295
Madison’s exit strategy for, 252–253
meeting Alexander on walks, 272–275, 284–285
political independence, 35
political prophecy, 223
position in diplomacy corps, 319
public service, 446
reading materials, 336
relationship with Louisa, 5–6
at sea, 44–45
separation from family, 72–74
support of embargo, 49–50
Supreme Court appointment, 283
decline, 285, 287
Louisa’s reaction to decline, 286–287
urged to accept, 307–308
travel to Göteborg, Sweden, 382
travel to London, 445
travel to Paris, 430
as US president, 446
Adams, John Quincy: letters to brother Thomas, 232–233, 305–306
emperor access to, 242
to father on declining Supreme Court appointment, 289
during illness, 159–160
interception by French, 317
to Louisa, 10
from Ghent, 384
on peace negotiations, 388–389
summer of 1814, 386–387
to Madison declining Supreme Court appointment, 287–288
official government correspondence in 1812, 324–328
official notification of war with England, 365
ship confiscation with, 209
to sons, 73–74, 233
to US government, 155
wait for Madison’s instructions, 409
Adams, John Quincy: as Minister
Plenipotentiary to Russia
cards of introduction delivered to diplomatic mansions, 98
decision to take appointment, 42
nomination, 29–31
qualifications for serving, 36
respect of departing diplomats, 341
response to, 36
Senate confirmation, 63
status, 350
Adams, John (son), 33, 232
arrival in London, 445–446
death, 449
education, 323–324
John’s decision to leave in US, 39–40
John’s plan for, 333–334
JQA letters to, 7
3–74
Adams, Louisa. See also travel from St. Petersburg
to Paris (1815)
Alexander and, 116, 179
clothes, 104–105, 107, 109, 129
concerns over separation from John, 404–405
death, 450
desire to go home, 231
early connection with JQA, 37
faith of, 282, 301, 450
family background, 15
feeling of responsibility for daughter’s death, 414
grandchildren, 449
invitation from Countess Mengs, 5, 9
invitation to palace, 154
on John’s nomination as Russian minster, 33–34, 36
letters from US
death of mother, 323
fear of bad news, 276
letters to John, from Frankfurt, 426
love of written word, ix–x musical abilities, 33
Napoleon proximity to, 436, 438
reaction to baby’s illness, 347
reaction to JQA declining Supreme Court appointment, 286–287
relationship with John Quincy, 5–6, 193
required socializing in St. Petersburg, 144
separation from John, peace process and, 387–388
in St. Petersburg, 103–107
travel to London, 445
uncertainty about finances, 382
as unofficial leader of diplomatic corps women, 291
Adams, Louisa: health issues, 142, 244
depression, 119, 231, 250, 353–355,
360–361, 364, 367, 373
desire for death, 369
fear of premature birth, 278
grippe (influenza), 321
homesickness, 190, 236
illness, 118–119, 257–258
miscarriages, 72, 143, 154, 192, 414–415
risk, 156–157
motion sickness, 242
pregnancy, 254, 262, 276
fear of labor in public, 299
impact on activities, 299
labor and delivery, 310–311
preterm contractions, 278, 282
recovery, 388
Adams, Louisa Catherine (daughter)
birth, 310–312
christening, 312
death, 347–348
illness, 345, 346
impact of death on Louisa, 353–354
seizures or epilepsy, 329
Adams, Susanna (sister of John), death, 355
Adams, Thomas (brother), 160, 208, 289–290
JQA’s letters to, 232–233, 305–306
Alaska, 205, 224–226
Alexander (Emperor of Russia), 34, 92
ban on entertaining at Winter Palace, 369
Caulaincourt and, 149, 150–151, 211
at Caulaincourt’s ball, 178–181
chasing Napoleon toward Paris, 368
cold weather and, 330
comets and, 314–315
conscription order, 322
at Council of Vienna, 413
expectation of war, 331
at feast day celebration, 213
interest in US, 100, 273
JQA and
JQA received, 99–102
relationship, 234
treatment as ambassador, 255
Louisa and, 244
at ball, 116, 228–229, 255–256
introduction, 112
Louisa’s avoidance of, 238–239
meeting on walks, 173–174
questions about Louisa’s birth, 318
march into Paris, 1814, 381
mediation offer by, 350–351
ignored by British, 383
Monroe’s acceptance, 377
and Napoleon, 98
Napoleon’s letter to, 271
reaction to Moscow capture, 352
response to Napoleon’s invasion, 338
return to St. Petersburg, 343
Six on stories, 175–176
support for Americans’ release by Danes, 139
and US relationship, 161, 447
US trade vs. French alliance, 265
at victory service for Battle of Krasnoi, 363
view of England, 100
walks on Fontanka, 245
womanizer reputation, 174–175
Alexandria, Virgina, 400
Alexandrofsk, factories, 167–168
alliance with Russia, potential benefits for US, 30
Amalia (princess), 160–161
Americans detained by Danes
Adams comments to Caulaincourt, 152–153
JQA concern for, 124
JQA’s efforts for, 134–137
release of, 164
Americans, European view of, 115
Amistad case, 450
Anichkov Palace, 234–235
anxiety, sermon on, 336–337
Apraxin, Countess, 406
Archangel, US ships at, 206, 224, 229, 265
case settlement, 270–271
Armstrong, General John
as American minister to France, 164, 200, 203, 215, 216, 220, 233, 241
Caulaincourt views on, 204
as war secretary, 383, 394, 400
Austria, 177
passports for diplomats, 341
Austrian war, 352
Babet, Madame, 11–12, 438, 440, 447–448
Bacon, Ezekiel, 31–32, 97, 231, 234, 447
Bailey, Mr., 387
balls in St. Petersburg
costs, 129
December 1810, 249
hosted by Caulaincourt, 144, 163, 177–182
invitation, 113–118
masquerade ball (1810), 146–149
New Year’s (1811), 251
private instructions for Adams, 253–254
Romanzoff hosting in 1811, 268–269
Baltic Sea, 51, 78
Napoleon’s empire spread to, 251
Baltimore, British threat, 394, 421
Baptiste (servant of Louisa), 11–12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 386, 398, 399
end of service to Louisa, 426–427
Bayard, James (US Senator), 377, 383, 412
bearded ladies, 185, 193
Beckford, Benjamin (Horace captain), 46–48, 53, 79, 156
debate with Adams, 74, 81
illness, 80
begging lower class, in churches, 169
Berlin Decree (1806), 97–98, 100, 240
Berlin, Louisa in, 403–404, 410
Bernstorff, Count, 76
Bertie, Admiral, 65–68
Bezzara, Madame de, 291, 296
received by imperial family, 299
Bible, 216–217
Blome, Baron de, 134, 135, 139–140
bloodletting as medical treatment, 346, 415
Bornholm, 78
Boston, 28
“Boston Patriotic Song” (“Adams and Liberty”), 27, 33
Boyd, George, 393
Britain. See England
Brock, Isaac, 356
Brooks, Abigail Brown, 449
Buchanan, Mr., 323
Bunker Hill Association dinner (1809), 27, 32
Burr, Aaron, 269
Bussche Hunnefeldt of Westphalia, Baron de, 12, 124–125
Cabot, Mrs., 369, 373
Campenhausen, Baron, 206–207, 229, 246–248, 258, 270–271
Canada/US boundary, Ghent negotiations on, 402, 424, 429–430
Cathcart, Lord (envoy), 345–346, 349
Cathedral of Our Lady of Kazan, 362
Catherine (Grand Duchess), 145, 352
Catherine the Great, 95, 106, 175, 227
Caulaincourt, Armond Augustin Louis, marquis de, 108, 117, 132–133, 137, 203–204, 376
access to Alexander, 211
Adams’ meeting with, 220–224, 272
Adams’ visit to country-house, 214–216
on American ships in Russian ports, 261–262
appearance, 297
ball hosted by, 144, 163
ball to celebrate Napoleon nuptuals, 177–182
and cargo paperwork delay, 258
downfall, 297
encouraging JQA to request transfer, 229
as French minister of foreign affairs, 445
honor importance to, 264–265
impact of departure, 319
at New Year’s ball (1811), 254–255
preferential treatment, 148–149, 150–151
recall, 270
residence in St. Petersburg, 126–127
and Romanzoff, 198
Champlain, Lake, 423
Chateau-Thierry, 436
Chesapeake Bay
British blockade, 371
British fleet arrival, 394, 421
Chesapeake-Leopard incident, 48–49, 280, 325
child laborers, 167
childbirth, risks, 277–279
children, John’s decision to leave in US, 39–40
children’s ball, 126
christening
of butler’s child, 236–237
of footman’s child, 256–257
JQA views on, 312
of Louisa Catherine (daughter), 312, 313
Christiansø (Ertholmene), 80–81
Clay, Henry, 412
Clemens Romanus (Clement I), 391
climate, impact on health, 244
clothes
of empress mother at Winter Palace ball, 114–115
of JQA, 89–91
of Louisa, 104–105, 107, 109
insecurity about, 129
during pregnancy, 296
Cochrane, Alexander, 392, 421, 422
Cockburn, George, 393, 395–396, 421, 445
Colombi, Madame, 405–406
colonial goods, 222, 247, 248
comets, 314–316
common law, JQA views on, 308
communication, 4–5
in 1812, 339, 343
absence from US family, 190
with US family, 191–192
and war declaration, 344
winter freeze and, 150
Congress of Vienna, 411, 425
Constantine (Grand Duke), 132
Constitution (USS; ”Old Ironsides”), 356, 374
Continental System of Napoleon, 98, 153
Copenhagen
JQA goal of traveling to, 59, 61
JQA travel to, 75–76
cotton, 135–136
Council of Vienna, Alexander at, 413
Cranch, Richard, 40, 323
Cushing, William (Supreme Court justice), 289
Czernicheff, Count, 144–145, 271–272
Dana, Francis, 95–96
Danish straits, 66–67
Davout, Louis-Nicolas, 362–363
daylight, lack of, in St. Petersburg winter, 128
de Bray, Madame, 103, 105–106, 144, 161, 181, 291
de Brays, 189–190
decision making, male-female, 40
“Defense of Fort McHenry” (Key), 422
Delaware Bay, British blockade, 371
Democratic Party, 35
Democratic-Republican Party, 35
Denmark