Book Read Free

The Burning Time

Page 51

by Virginia Rounding


  Whitelock, Α. and MacCulloch, D., 2007, ‘Princess Mary’s Household and the Succession Crisis, July 1553’, The Historical Journal 50 (2), pp. 265–87.

  Williamson, M., 2006, ‘Liturgical Music in the Late Medieval English Parish: Organs and Voices, Ways and Means’ in Burgess, C. and Duffy, E. (eds), The Parish in Late Medieval England: Proceedings of the 2002 Harlaxton Symposium (Donington: Shaun Tyas).

  Winters, W., 1877, ‘Historical Notes on Some of the Ancient Manuscripts Formerly Belonging to the Monastic Library of Waltham Holy Cross’, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 6, pp. 203–66.

  ———, 1880, ‘Notices of the Ministers of the Church of Waltham Holy Cross’, Transcriptions of the Royal Historical Society 8, pp. 356–84.

  Wooding, L. E. C., 2000, Rethinking Catholicism in Marian England (Oxford: Clarendon Press).

  2Wriothesley, C., 1875 and 1877, A Chronicle of England during the reigns of the Tudors, from A.D. 1485 to 1559, 2 vols, ed. W. D. Hamilton (London: Camden Society).

  Wunderli, R. and Broce, G., 1989, ‘The Final Moment before Death in Early Modern England’, The Sixteenth Century Journal 20 (2), pp. 259–75.

  Youings, J. Α., 1954, ‘The Terms of the Disposal of the Devon Monastic Lands, 1536–58’, The English Historical Review 69 (270), pp. 18–38.

  Zagorin, P., 2003, How the Idea of Religious Toleration Came to the West (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press).

  Acknowledgements

  Many people have supported me in the writing of this book, and it has given me particular pleasure to have had the support of those who may in a way be regarded as ‘descendants’ of the people caught up in the religious turmoils in sixteenth-century Smithfield – that is, both the current community of believers at the Priory Church of St Bartholomew the Great; and the representatives of the City authorities, members of the Court of Common Council of the City of London Corporation, both Aldermen and ‘commoners’.

  Among the latter group, my thanks go to: Ann Holmes, Michael Snyder, Stephen Haines, Philip Woodhouse, Jeremy Simons, Wendy Mead, Michael Welbank, George Abrahams, Jeremy Mayhew, Charles Bowman, Julian Malins, Peter Estlin, Catherine McGuinness, Joyce Nash, Henry Colthurst, William Russell, Marianne Fredericks, Billy Dove, Mark Wheatley, Emma Edhem, Nigel Challis, Richard Regan, Anthony Eskenzi, Nick Bensted-Smith, Graham Packham, Ian Seaton, Peter Dunphy, Chris Hayward, Vincent Keaveny, Tom Sleigh, Fiona and Nicholas Woolf, and Bill Fraser.

  And at St Bartholomew’s, I acknowledge the support of: Nick and Sarah Kelsey, Monica Darnbrough, Nigel and Lilian Reid, Nandini Sukumar, Beatrice and the late Anthony Perch, Richard and Sue Plaskett, Karen Falkner, Dominique Lazanski and Marc Sidwell, Geoff and Irina Cowley, Zoë McMillan, Nicholas Riddle and Patrick Stutz, and Maurice Hughes.

  In addition, I have received valuable support from: Dr Maria Grasso and Dr James H. Pedersen, Dr Mary Hogan Camp, Emma Kirkby, Fionnuala Tennyson and Evelyn Pickup, Simon Woodroffe, Alexandre Tissot Demidov, Tony and Anthea Peck, Tim Statham, John Morgan, Peter Rose, Vivien Gainsborough Foot, Una Riley, Nick and Joy Gravestock, Eddie and Pat Stevens, Michael Thompson, Jane Holt, Dr Maria Starkova-Vindman, Jane Miles Elliston, Leigh Richards, Michael Hopkins, Holly and Catriona McDavid, Alan and Hazel Birchenough, and Andrew Gillett.

  Thanks are also due to Howard Doble, Senior Archivist (City Records), London Metropolitan Archives for finding the only mentions in the records of Town Clerk William Pavier; to Professor Bernard Knight and Dr Elayne Pope for providing details of the physiological and pathological effects of burning; and to the Revd Dr Martin Dudley, 25th Rector of St Bartholomew the Great, for much illuminating theological discussion and for being my first reader. I am also grateful to Charles Spicer of St Martin’s Press for having conceived of the idea of a book about the Smithfield martyrs and to my agent, Clare Alexander, for suggesting I might be the person to write it. Georgina Morley has also been consistently encouraging, as has the whole team at Macmillan.

  INDEX

  The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages in your eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.

  Abel, Thomas

  execution

  imprisonment in the Tower

  letter to Thomas Cromwell

  support for Katherine of Aragon, and imprisonment

  Abu Bakr Naji

  Acts and Monuments (John Foxe)

  attitude towards women

  comments on various characters

  Bartlet Green

  John Bradford

  John Lambert

  John Rogers

  John Tewkesbury

  Richard Gibson

  Thomas Garrett

  comparison of the martyrs with Christ

  descriptions of various burnings

  of Anne Askew

  of John Lambert

  of Richard Bayfield

  of Robert Smith

  embarrassment over reformers’ persecution of reformers

  names torturers of Anne Askew

  remarks of John Frith

  scorn towards John Forest

  trial of John Lambert

  words spoken by James Bainham

  Acts of Parliament

  Against Papal Authority (1536)

  against Revilers of the Sacrament (1547)

  De haeretico comburendo (1401)

  for the Advancement of True Religion (1543)

  in Restraint of Appeals (1533)

  of Six Articles (1539)

  of Succession (1534)

  of Supremacy (1534)

  of Supremacy (1559)

  of Uniformity (1559)

  Treason Act (1535)

  al-Qaeda

  Albigenses see Cathars

  alchemy

  Ambrose, George

  Ambrose of Milan

  Amsterdam

  Anabaptists

  Anastasius (Emperor)

  Anne of Cleves

  Antwerp

  as place of exile

  as place of publication

  as place of refuge

  as place of work

  as source of forbidden books

  apprentices

  Aquinas, Thomas see Thomas Aquinas

  Aristotle

  Arthur, Prince of Wales

  Askew, Anne

  arrests

  arrival in London

  education

  execution

  family life

  First and Latter Examinations, The

  her ‘heresy’ becomes orthodoxy

  imprisonment

  interrogations

  reading of the Bible

  torture

  trial in Guildhall

  Askew, Christopher

  Askew, Edward

  Askew, Francis

  Askew, Jane

  Askew, Martha

  Askew, Thomas

  Askew, William

  Audley, Thomas

  appointed Lord Chancellor

  as patron of Richard Rich

  letter to Thomas Cromwell

  presides at trials of Fisher and More

  Augustine of Hippo

  De Correctione Donatistarum

  on coercion

  on distinguishing false from true martyrs

  on persecution

  on the parable of the tares

  Austoo, James

  Austoo, Margery

  authority, attitudes to

  Bainham, James

  abjuration

  arrest

  attitude towards death

  background

  condemnation

  execution

  his ‘heresy’ becomes orthodoxy

  imprisonment

  interrogations

  torture

  Bainham, Joan

  Bainton, Roland H.

  Baker, John

  Bale, John
<
br />   Barlow, William

  Barnes, Robert escape

  execution

  imprisonment

  influence on others

  influenced by Little Bilney

  preaches at Paul’s Cross

  recantation

  reports on John Lambert

  Sententiae ex Doctoribus Collectae

  Supplication unto King Henry the Eighth, A

  work for Thomas Cromwell

  Baronius, Caesar

  Bartholomew Close

  Bartholomew Fair

  Bartlett, Richard

  attends as doctor to Princess Mary

  bequest to John Deane

  buried in St Bartholomew the Great

  funeral

  grandfather of Bartlet Green

  living in Bartholomew Close

  Bayfield, Richard

  abjuration

  background

  book-smuggling activities

  condemnation

  conversion to the ‘new learning’

  execution

  imprisonment

  mentioned by John Bainham in his trials

  trial

  Bayley, William

  Bayyah, Shaykh Abdallah bin

  beards

  Beaton, David

  Becket, Thomas

  Bedlam see Bethlem Hospital

  Bellamy, Richard

  Bentham, Thomas

  Bernher, Augustine

  Beswick, Roger

  Bethlem Hospital

  Betteridge, Tom

  Bible, the

  read by ‘ordinary’ people

  reverence for it

  whether it contains all things necessary for salvation

  whether it should be translated into English

  Bigod, Francis

  Bilney, Thomas

  arrest and imprisonment

  execution

  conversion to the ‘new learning’

  influence on others

  his ‘heresy’ becomes orthodoxy

  remorse at recantation

  Bishops’ Book, see Institution of a Christian man, The

  Black Friars, community at St Bartholomew’s

  bequest from Richard Bartlett

  departure

  establishment

  See also Dominicans

  Blagge, George

  Blagge, Robert

  boiling, as punishment for treason

  Boleyn, Anne

  as Protestant sympathizer

  coronation

  desire of Henry VIII to marry her

  daughter declared heir

  execution

  marriage to Henry VIII

  Richard Lyst in communication with her

  suspected of involvement in attempted poisoning of Fisher

  Boleyn, Thomas

  Bolt, Robert

  Bolton, William

  Bonner, Edmund

  admiration for Cuthbert Simpson

  at disturbances at Paul’s Cross

  at trial of Anne Askew

  at trial of John Philpot

  Bartlet Green sent to him

  belief in efficacy of persecution

  carries out ceremony of degradation

  against Hooper and Rogers

  consecration and enthronement as

  Bishop of London

  dedication to him of sermons by William

  Peryn

  deprivation under Elizabeth

  examinations of various martyrs

  of Anne Askew

  of Bartlet Green

  of John Bradford

  of John Cardmaker

  of John Leaf

  of John Philpot

  of John Rough

  of John Tudson

  of John Warne

  of Richard Gibson

  of Roger Holland

  of Thomas Browne

  of William Tyms and companions

  exercise of episcopal oversight

  imprisonment and death

  imprisonment and deprivation under

  Edward VI

  Joan Lashford sent to him

  mistreatment of Thomas Tomkins

  mistreatment of Thomas Whittle

  orders from the Queen

  participation in liturgy

  physical appearance

  preface to Gardiner’s De vera obedientia

  reputation as ‘bloody Bonner’

  restoration as Bishop of London by Mary

  suspects sent to him by Richard Rich

  Book of Common Prayer

  First Book of Common Prayer comes

  into use

  John Frith’s articles used in 1552 second

  Book of Common Prayer

  reintroduced under Elizabeth

  Second Book of Common Prayer comes

  into use

  Thirty-Nine Articles contained therein

  Boucher, Joan

  Boulogne

  Bourne, Gilbert

  at examination of John Philpot

  at examination of Thomas Tomkins

  at trial of John Philpot

  preaches at Paul’s Cross

  Bourne, John

  Bow churchyard

  Bow Lane

  Bowes, Martin

  Bradford, John

  at disturbances at Paul’s Cross

  attitude towards death

  background

  becomes Prebendary of St Paul’s

  execution

  his ‘heresy’ becomes orthodoxy

  imprisonment

  interrogations

  physical appearance

  uncompromising nature

  Branche see Flower, Thomas alias William

  Brassens, George

  Brentford

  Bridges, John

  Brittayn, Christopher

  Broke, Robert

  Bromfield, Thomas

  Brooks, James

  Browne, Anthony

  Browne, Thomas

  Bryan, Francis

  Bucer, Martin

  Bullinger, Heinrich

  Bulmer, Joan

  Bunzel, Cole

  Burgoyne, John

  Burgoyne, Thomas

  burning

  as punishment for heresy

  numbers burnt for heresy

  physiological effects

  procedure

  Bury St Edmunds

  butchery (craft of)

  Caius, John

  Calais

  Calverley, Hugh

  Calvin, John

  Caly, Robin

  Cambridge

  King’s College

  Pembroke Hall

  Queens’ College

  St Catherine’s College

  White Horse tavern

  Campbell, John Lord

  Canterbury

  Cardmaker, John

  attempts to escape England

  background

  execution

  influence on others

  interrogation

  recantation

  support for Duke of Somerset

  uncompromising as preacher

  Carew, Anne

  Carew, Francis

  Carew, Nicholas

  Carranza de Miranda, Bartolomé

  Carthusians

  Caschetta, A. J.

  Castellio, Sebastian

  De arte dubitandi

  Castro, Alfonso de

  Cathars

  Cavell, John

  Chapman, John

  Chapuys, Eustace

  Charles V (Emperor)

  Charterhouse, the

  Chartres, Richard

  Cheapside

  Chedsey, William

  Chester

  Chester, Joseph Lemuel

  Cholmley, Roger

  at examination of John Philpot

  at trial of Anne Askew

  examines Wilmot and Fairfax

  Islington congregation sent to him

  Cholmondeley, Roger see Cholmley, Roger

  Ch
ristopherson, John

  Church of England

  authority of monarch over English

  Church

  Church in England reunited with

  Church of Rome

  establishment of Church of England

  under Elizabeth

  split of English Church from Rome

  City churches and parishes

  All Hallows Bread Street

  All Hallows Honey Lane

  Great St Bartholomew see St Bartholomew

  the Great

  Holy Trinity the Less

  St Andrew Undershaft

  St Bartholomew the Great

  backdrop for burnings

  funeral of Richard Bartlett

  in the present day

  memorial slab to John Deane

  Richard Rich’s descendants as patron

  traditional Mass celebrated in 1553

  visitation by Bishop Bonner

  See also St Bartholomew’s Priory

  St Botolph-without-Aldersgate

  St Botolph-without-Bishopsgate

  St Botolph’s Billingsgate

  St Bride’s Fleet Street

  St Ethelburga within Bishopsgate

  St Helen Bishopsgate

  St Lawrence Jewry

  St Margaret Lothbury

  St Margaret Moyses

  St Margaret Pattens

  St Martin Outwich

  St Martin’s-le-Grand

  St Mary Aldermary

  St Mary-at-Hill

  St Matthew’s Friday Street

  St Michael Bassishaw

  St Nicholas Cole Abbey

  St Nicholas Olave

  St Peter Cornhill

  St Sepulchre-without-Newgate

  John Rogers as vicar

  Rogers passes church on his way to execution

  St Thomas Acons

  St Vedast

  Clement VII (Pope)

  clerical marriage

  forbidden in Act of Six Articles

  forbidden under Mary I

  legalized under Edward VI

  question raised in examination of John Lambert

  question raised in examination of John Rogers

  Clerkenwell monastery

  Clothworkers’ Company

  Coke, Richard see Roose, Richard

  Colchester

  Cole, Henry

  Colet, John

  Constantine the Great (Emperor)

  Cooke, Laurence

  Coulsdon see Old Coulsdon

  Coulton, G. G.

  Council of Constance

  Court of Augmentations

  Court of Common Council

  Coverdale, Miles

  assists Robert Barnes in trial

  interpreter at trial of George van Parris

  pupil of Robert Barnes

  work of biblical translation

  Coxe, Dr

  Cranmer, Thomas

  arraigned for high treason

  at burning of John Forest

  at coronation of Edward VI

  at funeral of Edward VI

  at trial of George van Parris

  at trial of John Lambert

  at trial of Stephen Gardiner

 

‹ Prev