The Burning Time

by Virginia Rounding

  Dickson, G., 1999, ‘Encounters in Medieval Revivalism: Monks, Friars, and Popular Enthusiasts’, Church History 68 (2), pp. 265–93.

  Dillon, J., 2008, ‘Clerkenwell and Smithfield as a Neglected Home of London Theater’, Huntington Library Quarterly 71 (1), pp. 115–35.

  Dolan, F. E., 1994, ‘“Gentlemen, I Have One More Thing to Say”: Women on Scaffolds in England, 1563–1680’, Modern Philology 92 (2), pp. 157–78.

  Donagan, B., 1976, ‘The Clerical Patronage of Robert Rich, Second Earl of Warwick, 1619–1642’, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 120 (5), pp. 388–419.

  Donnelly, D. H., 1978, ‘The “Size” of More (On His 500th Birthday)’, Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies 10, Quincentennial Essays on St Thomas More, pp. 11–26.

  Doran, S. and Durston, C., 1991, Princes, Pastors and People: The church and religion in England 1529–1689 (London and New York: Routledge).

  Dudley, Α. Α., 1929, ‘The Attitude to the State in Anglican Literature from 1525 to 1550’, Economica 25, pp. 41–52.

  Duffy, E., 2005, The Stripping of the Altars: Traditional Religion in England c. 1400–c. 1580 (New Haven and London: Yale University Press).

  ———, 2009, Fires of Faith: Catholic England under Mary Tudor (New Haven and London: Yale University Press).

  ———, 2012, Saints, Sacrilege and Sedition: Religion and Conflict in the Tudor Reformations (London: Bloomsbury).

  ———, and Loades, D. (eds), 2006, The Church of Mary Tudor (Aldershot: Ashgate).

  Duncan, C., 2007, ‘The Persecutor’s Wager’, The Philosophical Review 116 (1), pp. 1–50.

  Edwards, J., 2006, ‘Spanish Religious Influence in Marian England’ in Duffy, E. and Loades, D. (eds), The Church of Mary Tudor (Aldershot: Ashgate), pp. 201–24.

  ———, 2011, Mary I: England’s Catholic Queen (New Haven and London: Yale University Press).

  ———, and Truman, R., 2005, Reforming Catholicism in the England of Mary Tudor: The Achievement of Friar Bartolomé Carranza (Aldershot and Burlington VT: Ashgate).

  Essche, N. van, 1598, Spirituall exercyses and goostly meditations and a neare way to come to perfection and lyfe contemplative. Collected and set foorthe by the helpe of God, and diligente laboure of F. Wyllyam Perin Bacheler of divinitie and Prior of the Friers preachers of greate Sayncte Bartholomes in Smythfyelde (Caen: Peter le Chandelier).

  Faul, D., 1994, ‘The Battle of the Dons: Recent Historiography of the English Reformation’, Seanchas Ardmhacha: Journal of the Armagh Diocesan Historical Society 16 (1), pp. 276–88.

  Fisher, R. M., 1981, ‘The Reformation of Clergy at the Inns of Court 1530–1580’, The Sixteenth Century Journal 12 (1), pp. 69–91.

  Flynn, M., 1991, ‘Mimesis of the Last Judgment: The Spanish Auto de fe’, The Sixteenth Century Journal 22 (2), pp. 281–97.

  Franck, T. M., 1997, ‘Is Personal Freedom a Western Value?’, The American Journal of International Law 91 (4), pp. 593–627.

  Fraser, Α. M., 1967, ‘Self-Immolation as a Political Act: Α Note’, Vietnam Perspectives 3 (2), pp. 28–31.

  Freeman, T., 1999, ‘Texts, Lies, and Microfilm: Reading and Misreading Foxe’s “Book of Martyrs”‘, The Sixteenth Century Journal 30 (1), pp. 23–46.

  ———, 2000, ‘“The Good Ministrye of Godlye and Vertuouse Women”: The Elizabethan Martyrologists and the Female Supporters of the Marian Martyrs’, Journal of British Studies 39 (1), pp. 8–33.

  Freeman, T. S. and Wall, S. E., 2001, ‘Racking the Body, Shaping the Text: The Account of Anne Askew in Foxe’s “Book of Martyrs”‘, Renaissance Quarterly 54 (4), pp. 1165–96.

  Galloway, J. Α., Keene, D. and Murphy, M., 1996, ‘Fuelling the City: Production and Distribution of Firewood and Fuel in London’s Region, 1290–1400’, The Economic History Review New Series 49 (3), pp. 447–72.

  Gasquet, F. Α., 1899, Henry VIII and the English Monasteries (London: John C. Nimmo).

  Green, P. D., 1972, ‘Suicide, Martyrdom, and Thomas More’, Studies in the Renaissance 19, pp. 135–55.

  Gregory, B. S., 1999, Salvation at Stake: Christian Martyrdom in Early Modern Europe (Cambridge MA and London: Harvard University Press).

  Hall, E., 1809, Hall’s Chronicle; containing the History of England during the reign of Henry the Fourth, and the succeeding monarchs, to the end of the reign of Henry the Eighth, in which are particularly described the manners and customs of those periods. Carefully collated with the editions of 1548 and 1550 (London: Printed for J. Johnson).

  Hamilton, W. D. (ed.), 1875 and 1877, A Chronicle of England during the Reigns of the Tudors by Charles Wriothesley, Windsor Herald, 2 vols (London: The Camden Society).

  Harper-Bill, C., 1996, The Pre-Reformation Church in England 1400–1530 (London and New York: Longman).

  Harris, B. J., 1990, ‘Women and Politics in Early Tudor England’, The Historical Journal 33 (2), pp. 259–81.

  Hayden, J. M., 2000, ‘Religious Reform and Religious Orders in England, 1490–1540: The Case of the Crutched Friars’, The Catholic Historical Review 86 (3), pp. 420–38.

  Heale, M., 2006, ‘Monastic-Parochial Churches in Late Medieval England’ in Burgess, C. and Duffy, E. (eds), The Parish in Late Medieval England: Proceedings of the 2002 Harlaxton Symposium (Donington: Shaun Tyas).

  Hickerson, M. L., 2005, Making Women Martyrs in Tudor England (London: Palgrave Macmillan).

  ———, 2007, ‘Negotiating Heresy in Tudor England: Anne Askew and the Bishop of London’, Journal of British Studies 46 (4), pp. 774–95.

  Hoak, D., 1987, ‘The Secret History of the Tudor Court: The King’s Coffers and the King’s Purse, 1542–1553’, Journal of British Studies 26 (2), pp. 208–31.

  Hooper, W., 1915, ‘The Tudor Sumptuary Laws’, The English Historical Review 30 (119), pp. 433–49.

  Hurstfield, J., 1953, ‘Corruption and Reform under Edward VI and Mary: The Example of Wardship’, The English Historical Review 68 (266), pp. 22–36.

  ———, 1967, ‘Was There a Tudor Despotism after All?’, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society Fifth Series 17, pp. 83–108.

  Ives, E. W., 1968, ‘The Common Lawyers in Pre-Reformation England’, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society Fifth Series 18, pp. 145–73.

  ———, 1992, ‘Henry VIII’s Will – Α Forensic Conundrum’, The Historical Journal 35 (4), pp. 779–804.

  ———, 1994, ‘Henry VIII’s Will: The Protectorate Provisions of 1546–7’, The Historical Journal 37 (4), pp. 901–14.

  Jones, N., 1997, ‘Living the Reformations: Generational Experience and Political Perception in Early Modern England’, Huntington Library Quarterly 60 (3), pp. 273–88.

  Jones, N. L., 1981, ‘Matthew Parker, John Bale, and the Magdeburg Centuriators’, The Sixteenth Century Journal 12 (3), pp. 35–49.

  Jordan, W. K. (ed.), 1966, The chronicle and political papers of King Edward VI (London).

  Kamen, H., 1997, Philip of Spain (New Haven CT/London: Yale University Press).

  Kelley, D. R., 1972, ‘Martyrs, Myths, and the Massacre: The Background of St Bartholomew’, The American Historical Review 77 (5), pp. 1323–42.

  Kemp, T. D., 1999, ‘Translating (Anne) Askew: The Textual Remains of a Sixteenth-Century Heretic and Saint’, Renaissance Quarterly 52 (4), pp. 1021–45.

  Kesselring, K. J., 2001, ‘A Draft of the 1531 “Acte for Poysoning”‘, The English Historical Review 116 (468), pp. 894–9. King, J. N., 2000, ‘Religious Dissidence in Foxe’s “Book of Martyrs”: Humanism or Heresy?’, Religion and Literature 32 (2), pp. 141–56.

  King’oo, C. C., 2014, ‘Authenticity and Excess in The Examinations of Anne Askew’, Reformation 19 (1), pp. 21–39.

  Kisby, F., 1999, ‘Officers and Office-Holding at the English Court: Α Study of the Chapel Royal, 1485–1547’, Royal Musical Association Research Chronicle 32, pp. 1–61.

  Knott, J. R., 1996, ‘John Foxe and the Joy of Suffering’, The Sixteenth Century J
ournal 27 (3), pp. 721–34.

  Knowles, D., 1959, The Religious Orders in England, Volume III: The Tudor Age (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Kolb, R., 1995, ‘God’s Gift of Martyrdom: The Early Reformation Understanding of Dying for the Faith’, Church History 64 (3), pp. 399–411.

  Kreps, B., 2003, ‘Elizabeth Pickering: The First Woman to Print Law Books in England and Relations within the Community of Tudor London’s Printers and Lawyers’, Renaissance Quarterly 56 (4), pp. 1053–88.

  Letters of the Martyrs, The, collected and published in 1564, 1837 (London: John F. Shaw).

  Loades, D. M., 1964, ‘The Press under the Early Tudors: Α Study in Censorship and Sedition’, Transactions of the Cambridge Bibliographical Society 4 (1), pp. 29–50.

  ———, 1970, The Oxford Martyrs (London: B. T. Batsford).

  ———, 1974, ‘The Theory and Practice of Censorship in Sixteenth-Century England’, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society Fifth Series 24, pp. 141–57.

  ———, 1993, ‘John Foxe and the Traitors: the Politics of the Marian Persecution’ in Wood, D., Martyrs and Martyrologies (Oxford: Blackwell), pp. 231–44.

  ———, 2006, ‘The Marian Episcopate’ in Duffy, E. and Loades, D. M. (eds), The Church of Mary Tudor (Aldershot: Ashgate), pp. 33–56.

  ———, 2013, Thomas Cromwell: Servant to Henry VIII (Stroud: Amberley).

  ——— (ed.), 1999, John Foxe: An Historical Perspective (Aldershot: Ashgate).

  ——— (ed.), 2002, The chronicles of the Tudor Queens (Stroud: Sutton Publishing).

  Lutton, R., 2010, ‘Heresy and Heterodoxy in Late Medieval Kent’ in Sweetinburgh, S. (ed.), Later Medieval Kent, 1220–1540 (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press and Kent County Council), pp. 167–87.

  MacCulloch, D., 1996, Thomas Cranmer: a life (New Haven and London: Yale University Press).

  ———, 1999, Tudor Church Militant: Edward VI and the Protestant Reformation (London: Allen Lane Penguin Press).

  Macek, E., 1988, ‘The Emergence of a Feminine Spirituality in the Book of Martyrs’, The Sixteenth Century Journal 19 (1), pp. 62–80.

  Marshall, P., 1998, ‘Papist As Heretic: The Burning of John Forest’, The Historical Journal 41 (2), pp. 351–74.

  ———, 2003, ‘Forgery and Miracles in the Reign of Henry VIII’, Past and Present 178, pp. 39–73.

  Martin, J. W., 1981, ‘The Marian Regime’s Failure to Understand the Importance of Printing’, Huntington Library Quarterly 44 (4), pp. 231–47.

  McCue, J. F., 1968, ‘The Doctrine of Transubstantiation from Berengar through Trent: The Point at Issue’, The Harvard Theological Review 61 (3), pp. 385–430.

  McNeill, J. T., 1974, ‘John Foxe: Historiographer, Disciplinarian, Tolerationist’, Church History 43 (2), pp. 216–29.

  Megivern, J. J., 2003, ‘Capital Punishment: The Curious History of Its Privileged Place in Christendom’, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 147 (1), pp. 3–12.

  Moore, R. I., 2012, The War on Heresy: Faith and Power in Medieval Europe (London: Profile Books).

  More, T., 1529, A Dialogue Concerning Heretics in Lawler, T. M. C., Marc’hadour, G. and Marius, R. C. (eds), 1981, The Complete Works of St Thomas More, Vol. 6, Pt. 1. (New Haven: Yale University Press).

  ———, 1532, The Confutation of Tyndale’s Answer in Schuster, Louis Α. et al. (eds), 1973, Complete Works of St Thomas More, Vol. 8, Pt. 1 (New Haven: Yale University Press).

  ———, 1557/1931, The English works of Sir Thomas More, ed. William Rastell (1557) and W. E. Campbell (1931), 2 volumes (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode).

  Mozley, J. F., 1953, Coverdale and his bibles (Lutterworth).

  Murphy, C., 2012, God’s Jury: The Inquisition and the Making of the Modern World (London: Allen Lane).

  Naji, Abu Bakr, 2006, The Management of Savagery: The Most Critical Stage Through Which the Umma Will Pass, tr. McCants, W. (funding for translation provided by the John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies at Harvard University). Available online at various sites, including http://www.physics.wisc.edu/undergrads/courses/206-f07/files/reference_chapter07/Management_of_Savagery.pdf [accessed 18 March 2016].

  Nichols, J. G. (ed.), 1848, The Diary of Henry Machyn, Citizen and Merchant Taylor of London, from AD 1550 to AD 1563 (London: Camden Society).

  ——— (ed.), 1852, Chronicle of the Grey Friars of London (London: Camden Society).

  ——— (ed.), 1857, Literary Remains of King Edward the Sixth (London: Roxburghe Club).

  ——— (ed.), 1869, Narratives of the Days of the Reformation (London: Camden Society).

  Novak, M., 1995, ‘Aquinas and the heretics’, First Things (New York: The Institute on Religion and Public Life, December 1995).

  Parry, L. Α., 1933, The History of Torture in England (London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co.).

  Penny, D. Α., 1996, ‘Family Matters and Foxe’s Acts and Monuments’, The Historical Journal 39 (3), pp. 599–618.

  Pineas, R., ‘John Frith’s Polemical Use of Rhetoric and Logic’, Studies in English Literature, 1500–1900 4 (1), pp. 85–100.

  Pogson, R. H., 1975, ‘Reginald Pole and the Priorities of Government in Mary Tudor’s Church’, The Historical Journal 18 (1), pp. 3–20.

  Pollard, Α. F., 1923, ‘Council, Star Chamber, and Privy Council under the Tudors III. The Privy Council’, The English Historical Review 38 (149), pp. 42–60.

  Pollard, Α. W. (ed.), 1911, Records of the English Bible: the documents relating to the translation and publication of the Bible in English, 1525–1611 (reprinted by Forgotten Books, 2016).

  Porter, H. C., 1964, ‘The Nose of Wax: Scripture and the Spirit from Erasmus to Milton’, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society Fifth Series 14, pp. 155–74.

  Rawcliffe, C. and Flower, S., 1986, ‘English Noblemen and Their Advisers: Consultation and Collaboration in the Later Middle Ages’, Journal of British Studies 25 (2), pp. 157–77.

  Raynor, B., 2000, John Frith, Scholar and Martyr: A biography (Sevenoaks: Pond View Books). Rex, R., 2000, ‘Jasper Fyloll and the Enormities of the Clergy: Two Tracts Written during the Reformation Parliament’, The Sixteenth Century Journal 31 (4), pp. 1043–62.

  Riordan, M. and Ryrie, Α., 2003, ‘Stephen Gardiner and the Making of a Protestant Villain’, The Sixteenth Century Journal 34 (4), pp. 1039–63.

  Robertson, M. L., 1990, ‘Profit and Purpose in the Development of Thomas Cromwell’s Landed Estates’, Journal of British Studies 29 (4), pp. 317–46.

  Rogers, J., 1537, Thomas Matthew Bible (Kindle Edition: First Gospel Publications, 2012).

  Roper, W., c. 1556, The Life of Sir Thomas More, ed. Wesemer, G. B. and Smith, S. W., 2003 (Center for Thomas More Studies). http://www.thomasmorestudies.org/docs/Roper.pdf [accessed 24 June 2016].

  Rosenberg, I. M. and Rosenberg, Y. L., 2004, ‘Of God’s Mercy and the Four Biblical Methods of Capital Punishment: Stoning, Burning, Beheading, and Strangulation’, Tulane Law Review, 78 TUL.L. REV. 1169.

  Rubin, R., 1993, ‘Choosing Death? Experiences of Martyrdom in Late Medieval Europe’ in Wood, D. (ed.), Martyrs and Martyrologies (Oxford: Blackwell), pp. 152–82.

  Russell, C., 1972, ‘English Land Sales, 1540–1640: Α Comment on the Evidence’, The Economic History Review 25 (1), pp. 117–21.

  Sabine, E. L., 1933, ‘Butchering in Mediaeval London’, Speculum 8 (3), pp. 335–53.

  Saukko, P. and Knight, B., 2004, Knight’s Forensic Pathology, Third Edition (London: Arnold).

  Scarisbrick, J. J., 1985, The Reformation and the English People (Oxford: Blackwell).

  Sherr, M. F., 1974, ‘Bishop Edmund Bonner: Α Quasi Erasmian’, Historical Magazine of the Protestant Episcopal Church 43 (4), pp. 359–66.

  Shuger, D., 2008, ‘The Reformation of Penance’, Huntington Library Quarterly 71 (4), pp. 557–71.

  Slavin, Α. J., 1975, ‘The Fall of Lord Chancellor Wriothesley: Α Study in the Politics of Conspiracy’, Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with
British Studies 7 (4), pp. 265–86.

  Snow, V. F., 1969, ‘Proctorial Representation in the House of Lords during the Reign of Edward VI’, Journal of British Studies 8 (2), pp. 1–27.

  Stone, L., 1952, ‘The Elizabethan Aristocracy – Α Restatement’, The Economic History Review 4 (3), pp. 302–21.

  Stow, J., 1960, Stow’s Survey of London (London: Dent).

  Strong, R., 1969, Tudor and Jacobean Portraits, 2 vols (London: HMSO).

  Thompson, W. D. J. Cargill, 1960, ‘The sixteenth-century editions of A Supplication unto King Henry the Eighth by Robert Barnes, DD: Α footnote to the history of the Royal Supremacy’, Transactions of the Cambridge Bibliographical Society 3 (2), pp. 133–42.

  Thoms, W. J. (ed.), 1842, A Survey of London, written in the year 1598, by John Stow (London: Whittaker and Co.).

  Tighe, W. J., 1989, ‘Courtiers and Politics in Elizabethan Hertfordshire: Sir James Croft, His Friends and His Foes’, The Historical Journal 32 (2), pp. 257–79.

  Tractarian British Critic, Α, 1842, The Life and Defence of the Conduct and Principles of the Venerable and Calumniated Edmund Bonner, Bishop of London, in the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary, and Elizabeth; in which is considered the best mode of again changing the religion of this nation (London: Seeley and Burnside).

  Trevor-Roper, H. R., 1951, ‘The Elizabethan Aristocracy: An Anatomy Anatomized’, The Economic History Review New Series 3 (3), pp. 279–98.

  ———, 1982, ‘Upstairs Downstairs in the Sixteenth Century. The Lisle Letters. 6 volumes by Muriel St Clare Byrne’, The American Scholar 51 (3), pp. 410–23.

  Victoria County History: A History of the County of Essex, Vol. 2, 1907 (British History Online).

  Victoria County History: A History of the County of Middlesex, Vol. 5, 1976 (British History Online).

  Wabuda, S., 1994, ‘Bishops and the Provision of Homilies, 1520 to 1547’, The Sixteenth Century Journal 25 (3), pp. 551–66.

  Wall, Α., 1988, ‘Patterns of Politics in England, 1558–1625’, The Historical Journal 31 (4), pp. 947–63.

  Whatmore, L. E., 1983, The Carthusians under King Henry the Eighth (Salzburg: University of Salzburg).