Hitler's Generals in America

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by Derek R. Mallett


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  Moore, Jason Kendall. “Between Expediency and Principle: U.S. Repatriation Policy toward Russian Nationals, 1944–1949.” Diplomatic History 24 (Summer 2000): 381–404.

  Moore, John Hammond. “Getting Fritz to Talk.” Virginia Quarterly Review 54, no. 2 (Spring 1978): 263–80.

  Neitzel, Sönke. Tapping Hitler’s Generals: Transcripts of Secret Conversations, 1942–45. Barnsley, U.K.: Frontline Books; St. Paul, MN: MBI, 2007. Originally published as Abgehört: Deutsche Generäle in britisher Kriegsgefangenschaft 1942–1945 (Berlin: Ullstein Buchverlage GmbH, 2005).

  Nenninger, Timothy K. “Leavenworth and Its Critics: The U.S. Army Command and General Staff School, 1920–1940.” Journal of Military History 58 (April 1994): 199–231.

  Peterson, Edward. The American Occupation of Germany: Retreat to Victory. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1977.

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  ———. “Die militärische und soziale Herkunft der hohen Generalität des deutschen Heeres am 1. Mai 1944.” Wehrwissenschaftliche Rundschau 20, no. 1 (1970): 44–55.

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  Index

  The index that appeared in the print version of this title was intentionally removed from the eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.

  Numbered military units are alphabetized as if spelled out.

  Adelheide, Germany: postwar British prisoner-of-war camp

  Adenauer, Konrad

  Afrika Korps

  Afrikakorps-Verband (Africa Korps veterans association)

  Afrikaner

  Alexander, Harold

  Allied Captured Intelligence Centre, Algiers

  Allied war aims, discussion of

  American Captured Records Section

  American Expeditionary Force

  American methods of interrogation

  American military intelligence

  American officer corps: democratic ideals of; “natural aristocracy” of; professionalization of

  American suspicions of professional militaries

  Anglo-American relationship

  Armee Gruppe Afrika

  Armee Gruppe Weichsel

  Armored Breakthrough

  Aschenbrenner, Heinrich: added to British “stop list,”; interrogation of and eavesdropping on at Fort Huntnn; transfer to Camp Dermott

  atomic bomb

  Australian War Memorial

  Austrian Document Center

  Austro-Prussian War

  Axberg, Olle

  Badinski, Curt: photo of; potential willingness to collaborate with the Americans; repatriation and release of; surrender of; transfer to Camp Clinton

  Baldwin, Alfred: impressions of Elster, von Liebenstein, and von Sponeck

  “barbed-wire psychosis,”

  Barbusse, Henri

  Barnett, Correlli

  Bassenge, Gerhard: “Anti-Nazi and Defeatist” clique; photo of

  Battle of Brest

  Battle of Crete (May–June 1941)

  Battle of El Alamein

  Battle of Kasserine Pass

  Battle of Kharkov

  Battle of Kirovograd

  Battle of the Mareth Line

  Battle of the Scheldt Estuary

  Battle of Zhitomir

  Bay, Thomas A.

  Bays, Thomas

  Belgium, king and queen of

  Bernays, M. C.; inspection of Camp Clinton

  Bieringer, Ludwig: expresses willingness to collaborate with Americans; repatriation and release of; selected for transfer to Camp Dermott; surrender of; transfer to Camp Clinton; transfer to Camp Dermott

  Birkhauser, [first name unknown], Lieutenant: prisoner of war at the Idea Factory

  Bismarck Reich

  Bissell, Clayton

  Blank, Theodor

  Blunda, George F.; photo of

  Boker, John

  Bolero Group. See also Gehlen Organization
<
br />   Borowietz, Willibald: American interrogation of and eavesdropping on; arrival in the United States; departure for the United States; painted portraits of Camp Clinton; receipt of the Oak Leaves; suicide of; surrender of

  Bradley, Omar

  British Army of the Rhine

  British Directorate of Military Intelligence

  British Eighth Army

  British First Special Air Service Regiment

  British General Staff

  British Home Army

  British House of Commons

  British Joint Staff Mission

  British officer corps: nobility of

  British Royal Navy

  British “stop list,” postwar

  British War Office

  Bruhn, Hans: release of; surrender of

  Bryan, Blackshear M.

  Buhle, Walther; correspondence with John Lovell; transfer to Ft. George Meade

  Bülowius, Karl Robert Max: American interrogation of and eavesdropping on; arrival in the United States; comments recorded by the British; departure for the United States; surrender of; transfer to Camp Forrest and suicide of

  Bundesnachrichtendienst

  Bundeswehr

  Burgdorf, Wilhelm

  Busch, Ernst: assessment of von Arnim

  Byrnes, James F.

  Camp Alva, Oklahoma

  Camp Bolbec, Le Havre, France

  Camp Clinton, Mississippi; accommodation of high-ranking naval prisoners; accommodations at; alleged insolence of American guard personnel; arrival of more generals after D-Day; arrival of the first general officers; assignment of aides and orderlies; assignment of an assistant executive officer; construction delays; designation as camp for German general officers; Feer’s and Gufler’s critical inspection report of; generals’ preference for remaining at the camp; generals split into pro-Nazi and anti-Nazi factions; Greuter’s and Eberhardt’s inspection report of; Gufler’s and Bernay’s critical inspection report of; improved accommodations at; preparations of; Rapp’s evaluation of the German general officer prisoners; Schnyder’s and Zehnder’s inspection report of; transfer of Botho Elster; Weingärtner’s and Mason’s critical inspection report of

  Camp Como, Mississippi

  Camp Crossville, Tennessee

  Camp Dachau

  Camp Dermott, Arkansas; arrival of naval prisoners and prisoners from Fort Hunt; Axberg’s and Phillipp’s inspection of; Axberg’s inspection of; comparison with Camp Ruston; as a “different kind of POW camp,”; Lakes’ inspection of; Raugust’s inspection of (February 1945); Raugust’s inspection of (April 1945); repatriation of the generals; special report on “morale status of war prisoners,”; Stoltzfus’s inspection of

  Camp Forrest, Tennessee

  “Camp Jerome,” Arkansas. See also Camp Dermott, Arkansas

  Camp King, Germany

  Camp McCain, Mississippi

  Camp Mexia, Texas; alleged insolence of American guard personnel; description of; record-high temperatures in the summer of 1943

  Camp Monticello, Arkansas

  Camp No. 1, Grizedale Hall, Lancashire

  Camp No. 11, Trent Park, Cockfosters; arrival and interrogation of Anton Dunckern; arrival of Rear Admiral Carl Weber; camp closes; carousel environment; criteria for selecting general officers to be transferred to American custody; establishment of; impressions of Bernard-Hermann Ramcke; influx of new general officer prisoners following D-Day; requirement that the generals in their custody sign “paroles” in order to venture outside the camp; transfer to Camp Clinton of Seyffardt, Rauch, von Wülfingen, Gutknecht, von der Mosel, Schirmer, Kähler, von Tresckow, and Weber; transfer to Camp Clinton of von Choltitz, Ullersperger, Eberding, Ramcke, and Dunckern; transfer of von Heyking, Daser, Vaterrodt, Bruhn, and Kittel; transfer to Camp Clinton of von Sponeck, von Liebenstein, Krause, Vierow, Spang, Menny, Badinski, Sattler, Schramm, and Stolberg-Stolberg

  Camp Pryor, Oklahoma

  Camp Ritchie, Maryland; arrival and organization of Hill Project prisoners; establishment of GMDS; photo of

  Camp Robinson, Arkansas

  Camp Ruston, Louisiana; Axberg’s inspections of; designation as anti-Nazi camp; Raugust’s inspection of

  Camp Shanks, New York

  Camp Shelby, Mississippi

  Camp Tracy, Byron Hot Springs, California: arrival of the generals; establishment of the camp; interrogation of and eavesdropping on the generals; interrogation of German general officers; transfer of the generals to Texas

  Camp Trinidad, Colorado

  Camp 2226, Belgium

  Canadian Second Corps

  Cantigny

  Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

  Central Intelligence Group

  Chaplin, Charlie

  Chateau Vrillays, Richelieu

  Cherbonnier, Laurence O.

  Chicago Tribune

  Christopher Columbus (POW production)

  Churchill, Winston

  Civil Affairs Center, Shrivenham, England

  Civil Affairs Division (CAD), U.S. War Department

  Civil Affairs Training Schools

  Civilian Conservation Corps

  civilian internees

  Civil War, American

  Civil War, English

  Clarion-Ledger (newspaper)

  Clay, Lucius D.

  Clegg, John P.

  Colburn, Harry

  Cold War

  Collier’s

  Combined Services Detailed Interrogation Centre (CSDIC)

  Continental Army, American

  Control Council Prisoner of War Enclosure No. 32 (“Ashcan”), Bad Mondorf, Luxembourg

  Control Group

  Cramer, Hans: “Anti-Nazi and Defeatist” clique; photo of

  Critchfield, James

  Crüwell, Ludwig: “Anti-Defeatist” and pro-Nazi clique; capture of; interned in Cairo; as leader of Clinton’s postwar anti-Nazi faction; photo of; Rapp’s evaluation of and potential willingness to collaborate with the Americans; receipt of the Oak Leaves; requests new aide at Camp Clinton; repatriation and postwar career; transfer to Camp Clinton; and von Thoma share information about German research on V-1 and V-2 rockets

  Daser, Wilhelm: photo of; repatriation and arrival at Zuffenhausen of; surrender of

  Davison, Edward

  Deane, John Russell, Jr.

  demilitarization

  denazification

  Der Angriff (newspaper)

  “Dermott Camp University,”

  Der Ruf

  Doerksen, Clarence

  Donington Hall, Derby

  Doniphan, Alexander

  Dönitz, Karl

  Dos Passos, John

  Dudley, Harry E.

  Duin, Gerald; work with Hill Project and the Gehlen Organization

  Dumbarton Oaks Conference

  Dunckern, Anton: photo of; surrender of; transfer to Camp Clinton

  Eastern European Order of Battle Branch. See also Pentagon

  Eastern Front

  Eastland, James O.

  Eberding, Knut: added to British “stop list,”; photo of; surrender of; transfer to Camp Clinton

  Eberhardt, Charles

  Eher Publishing

  Einheitsaktenplan (German filing system)

  Eisenhower, Dwight

  Elbe River

  Elster, Botho: expresses willingness to collaborate with the Americans; interrogation by CSDIC at Wilton Park; plot to assassinate; selected for transfer to Camp Dermott; surrender of; transfer to Camp Clinton; transfer to Camp Dermott

  Evans, Luther H.

  Fallschirmjäger: Damals und Danach

  Fallschirmjägerverband (German paratroopers veterans association)

  Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

  Federal Republic of Germany

  Feer, Edward: inspection of Camp Clinton

  Fehler, Johann Heinrich

  fifty-fifty agreement

  First World War: armistice; French command of American forces; prisoners of war, America
n treatment of; prisoners of war, British treatment of; public postwar disillusionment

  Fischer, Rudolf

  Fitzgibbon, Robert C.

  Fonger, Harold

  Fort Bragg, North Carolina

  Fort Custer, Michigan

  Fort George Meade, Maryland

  Fort Hunt, Virginia; interrogation of Gehlen; interrogation of Kessler and Aschenbrenner; interrogation of Walter Vierow; work of Gehlen Organization and Hill Project

  Fort Leavenworth, Kansas

  Fort McPherson, Georgia

  Fortress Cherbourg

  Fort Sam Houston, Texas

  Franco-Prussian War

  Frantz, Gotthard: “Anti-Defeatist” and pro-Nazi clique; arrival at Camp Clinton; bitterness over treatment at Camp Clinton; repatriation of and capture by the Soviet Union; surrender of

  Französen

  Frederick the Great

  Free Germany Committee

  Freies Deutschland (newspaper)

  Fremde Heer Ost (German Eastern Front Intelligence Service)

  French Allies

  French resistance

  French Second Armored Division

  Friemel, Hans

  Führungsakademie

  Gable, Clark

  Gallenkamp, Curt: arrives at Camp 2226; conviction for war crimes; transfer to Camp Dermott

  Garmisch, Germany: focus turns to Soviet Union; postwar American prisoner-of-war camp; 7734th USFET Historical Detachment

  Gaul, Hans: transfer to Camp Ruston

  Gebhardt, Karl

  Gehlen, Reinhard: interrogation of at Fort Hunt; postwar career and collaboration with the United States; surrender of; work at Fort Hunt

  Gehlen Organization (Gehlen group); postwar operations. See also Bolero Group

  general officers, American

  general officers, German: American assessments of political orientation; American perceptions of; British perceptions of; comparison of British and American treatment of and accommodations for; development of “anti-Nazi” and “pro-Nazi” cliques; dissatisfaction with Camp Mexia; feelings of abandonment at Camp Clinton; knowledge of British intelligence’s monitoring of conversations; as prisoners of war; provided specially trained Military Police Escort Guard companies at Camp Clinton; resentment of American treatment; Swiss government as protecting power of; transit form North Africa to England; views of the postwar balance of power

  general officers, Italian

  Genzo, Shoji

  German Air Command

  German Army

  German Army Mobilization

 

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