Sources of Chinese Tradition, Volume 2
Page 91
Kangxi Dictionary
Kangxi emperor: Zhu Xi orthodoxy and; “Sacred Edict” and
Kant, Immanuel: Mou Zongsan and
Kao xinlu. See Records of Beliefs Investigated
Kaogong [ji] (Zhouli)
Kaoxin lu tiyao. See Essentials of the Records of Beliefs Investigated
Kaozheng. See Han Learning
Karmic retribution
Khubilai
King of Heaven
Kingly way: Wei Yuan on
Knowledge: learning and, in Gu Yanwu
Kokutai no hongi. See Fundamentals of Japan’s National Polity
Kongzi gaige kao. See Confucius as a Reformer
Korea
Korean War
Kropotkin, Peter
Labor service: Wei Yuan on
Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Lancā vatā ra Sū tra
The Land System of the Heavenly Kingdom
(Tianchao tianmu zhidu)
Laozi
Laski, Harold
Latin America
Law: Huang Zongxi on; Huang Zongxi on governance and; Gu Yanwu on ruler’s authority and; Wei Yuan on; reform and; Reform Edict of 1901 on; Liang Qichao and rule of
Leadership: Qing reform and
League of Common Alliance (Revolutionary Alliance) (Tongmeng hui)
“equalization of land rights” and
“Leaning to One Side” (Mao Zedong)
Legalism
Legge, James
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm
Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich
Leninism
“Let a Hundred Flowers Bloom” (“On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People”); Liu Binyan on; intellectuuals and. See also “On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People”
“Let a Hundred Schools of Thought Contend” (Mao Zedong)
Letter to the English Ruler (Lin Zexu)
“Letter of Opinion” to Mao Zedong on the Great Leap Forward (Peng Dehuai)
Letter Opposing Kang Youwei’s Views on Revolution (Zhang Binglin)
Letter to Prince Cheng Earnestly Discussing the Political Affairs of the Time (Hong Liangji)
Letter in Reply to Advanced Scholar Peng Yunchu (Dai Zhen)
Letter to Shi Zhongming Concerning Scholarship (Dai Zhen)
Letters for Combining the Sounds of Mandarin, preface to (Guanhua hesheng zimu) (Wang Zhao)
Li Bo
Li Daozhao . See also The Victory of Communism
Li Fuqun. See “Report on the First Five-Year Plan for Development of the National Economy of the People’s Republic of China”
Li Gong
Li Guangdi
Li Hongzhang
Li Madou. See Mateo Ricci
Li Shizheng
Li Xiaojiang. See “Awakening of Women’s Consciousness”
Li Xiucheng
“The Li Yi Zhe Poster,” (Wang Xizhe, Li Zhengtian, Chen Yiyang, Guo Hongzhi)
“Li Yun” (Record of Rites)
Li Zecheng
Li Zehou; view of Mao and tradition in. See also “A Reevaluation of Confucianism”; Wang Yangming and Mao
Li Zhengtian
Li Zhizao. See also The True Meaning of the Lord of Heaven Preface to
Li Zubo
Liang Qichao; reform and; influence of West on; nationalism and; popular education and; social Darwinism and; republicanism of; people and the nation in; progress in; view of rights in; concept of nation in; new press and; Eastern Times and; decline of West in, See also Renewing the People; “Travel Impressions from Europe”
Liang Shuming; Confucianism and; Westernization and China and Western democracy in; rural reconstruction and community compact in. See also Chinese Civilization Vis-A-Vis Eastern and Western Philosophies; “Reconstruction of the Village Community”
Liangxin. See Conscience
Liangzhi. See Innate good knowing
Libationer
Liberalism; Mao Zedong contra; types of, according to Mao Zedong
Liberty
“Liberty of the nation,”
Licentiate (shengyuan)
Liebknecht, Karl
Life-is-Transient Demon
Likin trade-tax
Lin Biao
Lin Xiling
Lin Zexu; career of; opium trade and. See also “Letter to the English Ruler”
Lineages, local governance and
Linji
Literacy: commoners and; non-elite culture and
Literary reform. See Literary Revolution
Literary renaissance. See Literary Revolution
Literary Revolution; vernacular literature and; Hu Shi’s eight items of; Chen Duxiu on. See also “On Literary Revolution”; “A Preliminary Discussion of Literary Reform”
“On Literary Revolution” (Chen Duxiu)
Literary virtue: Zhang Xuecheng on
Literature, vernacular: literary revolution and
Little Red Book (Mao Zedong)
Liturgy for Issuing the Great Notification
Liu Binyan. See A Higher Kind of Loyalty
Liu Shaoqi; career of; Confucian self-cultivation in; theory and practice in. See also How to Be a Good Communist; On Inner Party Struggle
Liu Shaotang
Liu Shipei
Liu Xiang
Liu Xie
Liu Xin
Liu Yu
Liu Zhiji
Liu Zongyuan
Liu Zongzhou
Local histories
Local officials. See Officials, local
Locke, John
Logicians
London School of Economics
Long March
Lord-of-Heaven
Lord-on-High (Shangdi)
Lord Lao (Laozi deified)
“Lost mind” (Mencius): Lü Liuliang on
The Lotus and the Mud (Wu Jingxiong)
Louis XIV
Loyalism, Ming
Loyalty: Tan Sitong on national, as opposed to familial
Lu
Lu Ji
Lu Longji
Lu Xiangshan
Lu Xun
Lu Zhuangzhang: first romanization system and. See also First Steps in Being Able to Understand at a Glance
Luminous virtue (ming de) (Great Learning). See Manifesting luminous virtue
“Lun Yindu wangguo shu.” See “The Destruction of India”
Luo Longji: critique of political tutelage in. See also What Kind of Political System Do We Want?
Lü Bushu
Lü Liuliang; revival of Zhu Xi school and; life and career of; degradation of; challenge to dynastic rule and; suppression of works of
Ma Duanlin
Ma Jong
Ma Xiangbo; life and career of; definition of religion in; view on religion and the people in. See also Should a Head of State Preside Over Religious Ceremonies?
Macartney, Lord
Macartney mission
Macedonia
Magellan
Magistrates; Hong Liangji on malfeasance of
Mahāyāna Buddhism
Malthus. See Population
Manchus; conquest of China by; Wang Fuzhi and resistance to; Taiping view of
Mandarin Letters (Guanhua zimu)
Manifesting luminous virtue (ming ming de) (Great Learning): Dai Zhen on
Manifesto of the First Nationalist Congress
Manifesto for a Reappraisal of Sinology and the Reconstruction of Chinese Culture (Zhang Junmai, Tang Junyi, Mou Zongsan, Xu Fuguan); The Permanence of China’s History and Culture; Science and the Development of Chinese Culture; Democratic Reconstruction and the Development of Chinese Culture; Our Understanding of China’s Contemporary Political History; What the West Can Learn from Eastern Thought; What We Expect Fron World Thought
Mao Zedong; organization of peasantry and; land redistribution and; revolutionary strategy of; “mass line” in; stages of revolution in; democracy and dictatorship in; educational program of; rectification campaigns an
d; anti-liberalism in; art and literature and; post-1949 policies of; pro-Soviet stance of; collectivization of agriculture and; “contradictions among the people” and; Cultural Revolution and; era following death of. See also On Art and Literature; The Chinese Revolution and the Chinese Communist Party; Combat Liberalism; The Dictatorship of the People’s Democracy; “Leaning to One Side”; The Mass Line; “On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People”; On New Democracy; “The Question of Agricultural Cooperation”; The Question of Land Distribution; Quotations from Chairman Mao Zedong; Remarks at the Beidaihe Conference; Report on an Investigation of the Hunan Peasant Movement; Report of the Propaganda Bureau of the Central Committee on the Zhengfeng Reform Movement; “Stalin is Our Commander”
Maoism: Li Zehou on tradition and
Marriage: Ding Ling on women revolutionaries and
Martial arts
Martial law: Taiwan and lifting of
Marx, Karl
Marxism; Sun Yat-sen’s repudiation of; anarchist movement and; unity of opposites and; Feng Youlan and
Marxism-Leninism
The Mass Line (Mao Zedong)
Material conditions (trend, condition) (shi)
Material force (psycho-physical force) (qi); Wang Fuzhi’s thought and; Zhang Xuechen on
Materialism
Mathematics, Western; Nicolas Trigault on, and Chinese literati; Feng Guifen on importance of
May Fourth Movement
May Fourth period
Mazzini, Giuseppe
Mean (Zhongyong)
Mean, Commentary on (Zhu Xi)
Mean man (xiaoren): Wang Fuzhi on gentleman and
Medhurst, W.H.
Medicine
Medicine, western: Nicholas Trigault on, and Chinese literati
Mediterranean Sea
Mei Wending
Meiji Japan: China and, compared. See also Japan
A Memorial in Defense of the [Western] Teaching (Xu Guangqi)
A Memorial on Grain Prices, the Grain Trade, and Government Controlled Brokerages (Yang Yingju)
Memorial on the War Against Heterodoxy (Hong Liangji)
Men and women: separation of, in Taiping movement
Mencius; discussion of ranks in
Mencius
Mengzi ziyi shuzheng. See Evidential Study of the Meaning of Terms in the Mencius
Merchants: Wang Fuzhi on; grain trade and; Wei Yuan on. See also Commerce
Metaphysics and science, controversy between (New Culture Movement)
“Metaphysics and Science” (Ding Wen-jiang)
Methods (fa). See Instruments, Western
Military colonies (duntian)
Military government: Sun Yat-sen on
Military History of the Qing Dynasty (Shengwuji xu) (Wei Yuan)
Military History of the Qing Dynasty Preface to (Wei Yuan)
Military: need for Westernization of; weaknesses of, in Qing; Feng Guifen on; Wang Tao on training of
Mill, John Stuart
Minbao. See People’s Report
Mind (tradition of the Mind); Gu Yanwu on human nature and; Dai Zhen on, in Song Learning; Zhang Xuecheng on quality of
Mind-and-heart, (xin); Lü Liuliang on principle and; Lü Liuliang on nature, emotions and; Wei Yuan on
Mines: reform and
Ming. See Moral imperative
Ming dynasty (1368–1644); criticism of, by scholar-officials; Huang Zongxi on abolition of prime ministership and; ruin of, and Wang Yangming school; Gu Yanwu’s view of; thought of, and Qing Neo-Confucian revival; Christianity and
Ming History (Mingshi)
“Ming liang lun.” See “On Enlightened Rulers and Worthy Ministers”
Ming Neo-Confucianism. See Wang Yangming; Wang Yangming school
Ming Taizu. See Gao Huangdi
Mingjiao. See Moral norms
Mingru xuean (Huang Zongxi)
Mingyi daifanglu. See Waiting for the Dawn
Ministers: Huang Zongxi on; Huang Zongxi on “plight of the people” and; father and child relationship and; Huang Zongxi on treatment of; Lü Liuliang on ruler and. See also Ruler and minister
Miracle of Western Letters (Xizi qiji) (Matteo Ricci)
Modernization: intellectuals and, in post-1949 era; post-Mao era and; Deng Xiaoping and; Wei Jingsheng on democracy and; Fang Lizhi on
Mogu. See The Silent Gourd
Mohism
Monarchy
Monarchy, constitutional
Mongolia
Mongols
Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondat, baron de la Bréde et de
Moral imperative (ming): Lü Liuliang on
Moral norms (mingjiao)
Morality books (shanshu)
Morality, public; Liang Qichao on
Morality, traditional: Sun Yat-sen on, Chiang Kai-shek on
Moscow-Berlin Pact
Mou Tsung-san. See Mou Zongsan
Mou Zongsan (Mou Tsung-san); New Confucianism and; philosophy of; view of humaneness in. See also Manifesto for a Reappraisal of Sinology and the Reconstruction of Chinese Culture; The Sensitivity and Steadfastness of Humaneness
Mozi
Mukden Incident
Mulian Rescues His Mother: plot of; performing context of; Buddhism, Confucianism and; ritual, opera and
Music (lost classic)
Muslims: astronomy and; rebellion and
Nanjing
Nanjing, Treaty of
“Narrow precedent” (li)
Nation, Liang Qichao’s view of: people and; concept of; individual and; establishment of; court and; alien peoples and; competition and; Chinese and concept of
National assembly: Sun Yat-sen on
“National polity” (kokutai)
“National reconstruction,”; Hu Shi on absolutism and; Chiang Kaishek’s five-point program for; Sa Mengwu on cultural construction and
“National Reconstruction and Absolutism” (Hu Shi) Is Absolutism a Necessary Stage for National Reconstruction?; Why Did Centuries of Absolute Rule Fail to Create a National State in China?
“National salvation,”
“National speech.” See Literature vernacular
National state: absolutism and, according to Hu Shi
Nationalism; Wang Fuzhi’s concept of; Tan Sitong on anti-Manchuism and; Liang Qichao and; Liang Qichao’s concept of; Zhang Binglin and; the West and. See also The Three People’s Principles
Nationalist Party (Guomindang), League of Common Alliance and; Soviet assistance and; revolution and; Mao Zedong on bourgeois-democratic revolution and; collaboration with Communists and. See also Chiang Kai-shek; Political tutelage
Natural Justice (Tianyi bao)
“Natural Selection” (Origin of Species): Yan Fu on
Navigation Act
Neo-Confucianism. See also Evidential learning; Orthodoxy, Neo-Confucian; Orthodoxy, Qing Neo-Confucian; Song Learning
Nestorian Christians
New Asia College
New Authoritarianism; “Political tutelage” and; human equality and; Rong Jian’s criticism of
New Century (Xin shiji)
“A New Concept of the Universe and Life Based on a New Belief” (Wu Zhihui)
New Confucianism: background of; Xiong Shili and; endurance of Chinese culture in; science and Chinese culture in; democracy and; view of communism in; West and Eastern thought in; Mou Zongsan and. See alsoTiyonglun; Manifesto for a Reappraisal of Sinology and the Reconstruction of Chinese Culture
New Culture Movement; anti-traditionalism of; major phases of; attack on Confucianism and; literary revolution and; doubting of antiquity and; new philosophy of life and; pragmatism and; debate on science and philosophy of life in; controversy over Chinese and Western culture in; Liang Shuming’s reappraisal of Confucianism and; Liang Shuming on rural reconstruction and; Sa Mengwu on synthesis of China and the West in; radical critiques of tradition in; Westernization and; See also Chen Duxiu; Chiang Kai-shek; Hu Shi; Liang Qichao; Literary Revolu
tion; Science, Western; Sun Yat-sen
New Life Movement: Chiang Kai-shek and; Confucianism and. See also Essentials of the New Life Movement
“New Philosophy of Reason or Principle” (xinlixue)
“New Rationalism,”
New Testament
New Text School
New Year’s prints
The New Youth (Xin qingnian; La Jeunesse nouvelle)
Newman, John Henry
Nian Rebellion
Nie Yuanzi
Nietzche, Friedrich
Nirodha
Nixon, Richard
Noah
Nobel Prize
Noble person (junzi)
North Africa
North China Herald
Northwestern Law School
“Notes on the Twenty-Two Histories,”
Nü lunyu. See Women’s Analects
Nü xiaojing. See Women’s Classic of Filial Piety
Oberlin College
October Revolution. See Russian Revolution
Ode to Stalin (Guo Moruo)
Odes. See Classic of Odes
Office of the CCP Dehong Dai Nationality and Qingbao Autonomous Zhou Committee. See “Several Questions in Strengthening and Perfecting the Job Responsibility Systems of Agricultural Production”
Officials, local: Gu Yanwu on; hereditary appointment of, in Gu Yanwu; education and, in Chen Hongmou; Chen Hongmou on conduct of; Chen Hongmou on compilation of casebooks by; local elites and; Hong Liangji on; selection of; Chu Chengbo on venality of; Reform Edict of 1901 on selection of. See also Scholar-officials
Okuma Shigenobu
Old Testament
Old Text School
On Art and Literature (Mao Zedong)
“On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People” (“Let a Hundred Flowers Bloom”) (Mao Zedong)
On the History of the Song Dynasty (Song lun) (Wang Fuzhi)
On Inner Party Struggle (Liu Shaoqi)
On Liberty (John Stuart Mill)
On New Democracy (Mao Zedong); The Chinese Revolution is Part of the World Revolution; New-Democratic Politics; New-Democratic Economy; New-Democratic Culture; Some Errors on the Question of the Nature of Culture; A National, Scientific, and Mass Culture; The Two-fold Task of the Chinese Revolution and the Chinese Communist Party On Reading [Sima Guang’s] Comprehensive Mirror (Du Tongjian lun) (Wang Fuzhi)
“On Strength” (Yan Fu)
One Hundred Flowers Campaign
One World [of the future] (Kang Youwei)
“Opera Inspection Teams” (Wenhua ting)
Opera: popular culture and temples and; ritual and; social context of; marking cultural differences and; moralism in; stylization of; communal values and; Mulian Rescues His Mother and; village. See also Guo Ru Buries His Son; Mulian Rescues His Mother; Village opera