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The Intimate Lives of the Founding Fathers

Page 53

by Thomas Fleming


  Boston, Mass., 32–33, 34, 58, 74, 82–83, 95, 125, 132–33, 137, 147–48, 161, 162, 171, 187, 199, 200, 360

  Boston Gazette, 310–11

  Boston Tea Party (1773), 32–33, 95, 360

  Boucher, Jonathan, 26–27, 32

  Boudinot, Elias, 215, 216

  Brackenridge, Hugh Henry, 359

  Bradford, William, 360, 361

  Bridge, James, 171

  Brillon de Jouy, Madame, 104–6, 108–9, 114, 116, 117, 120–21, 143, 229, 422n

  British East India Company, 33, 298

  Brodie, Fawn, 351, 411–12, 415

  Bryan, William Jennings, 335

  Bryant, Linda Allen, 68–70

  Bunker Hill, Battle of, 59, 217

  Burr, Aaron, 177, 234, 239, 240, 247–51, 253, 319, 366–67, 373

  Burwell, Rebecca, 261–63, 264

  Bush, George W., 341–42

  Butler, Pierce, 253

  Cabanis, Pierre-Jean-George, 109, 110, 117, 143

  Caesar, Julius, 274, 365

  Callender, James Thomson, 49, 190–91, 239–41, 252, 310–15, 329, 337, 338, 345, 347, 349, 351, 410, 414

  Calvert, Benedict, 27–28

  Canada, 83–84, 140, 261, 385, 388, 396

  Carr, Dabney, 265–66, 268, 274, 291, 333

  Carr, Martha Jefferson, 265–66, 288, 289

  Carr, Peter, 276, 295–96, 337, 338, 340, 349–50, 410

  Carr, Samuel, 337, 338, 340, 349, 410

  Carroll, Charles, 392–93

  Carroll, Henry, 397–98

  Carter, Charles, 22

  Carter, Robert “King,” 8, 22, 261

  Cary, Mary, 4

  Cary, Robert, 23, 24

  Cary, Sarah “Sally,” xiii, 3–5, 6, 7, 22, 32, 33–34, 53–54, 58

  Cary, Wilson, 6

  Catholics, 105, 252, 294, 297, 305

  Cato (Addison), 11

  Charles II, King of England, 6, 9

  Chase, Samuel, 191

  Chase-Riboud, Barbara, 412–13

  Church, Angelica Schuyler, 220–21, 225–29, 231, 237, 242, 243, 247, 251

  Church, John Barker, 220–21, 225, 243

  Cincinnati Daily Commercial, 63–64, 65

  Civil War, U.S., 203–4, 328–30, 335, 348, 416

  Clay, Henry, 385

  Clayford, John, 60, 61

  Clingman, Jacob, 234–35, 236, 239, 240

  Clinton, DeWitt, 386–87, 395

  Clinton, George, 225, 228, 248, 253, 374, 381–82, 386

  Clotel, or the President’s Daughter, 329

  Cockburn, George, 390, 393

  Coercive Acts (1774), 33

  Coke, Edward, 262, 275, 360

  Colden, Cadwallader, 365

  Colden, Henrietta Maria, 365–66

  Coles, Catherine, 367

  Coles, Isaac, 367

  Coles, Sally, 398

  College of New Jersey (Princeton College), 51, 99, 214, 215, 358–61, 362, 405

  College of William and Mary, 261, 268–69, 281, 346, 358, 362–63

  Collins, Eliza, 367, 368, 404, 407

  Columbia College, 215–17

  “Common Sense” (Paine), 280

  Condorcet, Marquis de, 293

  Congress, U.S., 46, 165–69, 172, 176, 178–79, 182–87, 189, 192, 193, 200, 202, 228, 229, 231, 234, 235–42, 244, 318, 331, 365, 383, 385, 386, 396, 397, 402, 405

  Conqueror, The (Atherton), 215

  Constitution, U.S., 45, 164, 165, 168, 185, 191, 224–25, 245–46, 304, 309, 310, 314, 364–65, 371, 397, 401–2, 413, 427n

  Constitutional Convention (1787), xvi, 118–19, 161, 304, 364–65, 415

  Continental Army, 34–37, 41–43, 57, 63, 64, 107, 108, 112, 125–26, 132–33, 136, 138, 154, 159, 160, 217–18, 220, 222–23, 230, 234–35, 283, 286, 364

  Continental Congress, 33, 34, 39, 42–43, 58–59, 96, 97, 99, 100, 103, 106, 112, 125–26, 132, 134, 135, 138, 140, 141–42, 144, 146, 148, 149–50, 152, 153, 158, 161, 218, 220, 277–81, 282, 287, 289, 292–93, 294, 355–58, 361, 363, 415

  Cooley-Quille, Michele, 342, 343

  Coolidge, Ellen Randolph, 319–20, 324, 327

  Coolidge, Joseph, 324

  Cooper, Myles, 29, 31, 216–17

  Cornwallis, Charles, Lord, 41

  Cosway, Maria, 297–302

  Cosway, Richard, 297, 298, 301

  Craik, James, 13, 41–42, 55–56, 57

  Cranch, Mary Smith, 129, 155, 156, 159, 167, 169, 170, 179, 181–82, 184, 189, 192, 199

  Cranch, Richard, 129, 170, 199

  Cruger, Nicholas, 211, 212–15

  Custis, Daniel Parke, 4–5, 15, 18, 19, 20, 21–22

  Custis, Eliza, 39–40, 42

  Custis, George Washington Parke, 38, 43, 44, 51, 53–54, 255

  Custis, John, 21–22

  Custis, John “Jack,” 15–16, 24, 25, 26–29, 30–32, 36, 38–42, 46, 53–54

  Custis, Martha Dandridge, see Washington, Martha Dandridge Custis

  Custis, Nelly, see Lewis, Nelly Custis

  Custis, Nelly Calvert, 27–28, 29, 30–32, 36, 37, 38, 39–40, 42, 43

  Custis, Patsy, 15–16, 24, 25, 26, 29–30, 31, 64

  Cutler, Manasseh, 56–57

  Cutts, Anna Payne, 371, 372, 373–74, 375, 378, 383, 384, 385, 394, 400, 403, 404, 405

  Deane, Silas, 139–40, 141

  “Deathbed Adieu from Th. J. to M.R., A” (Jefferson), 325–26

  Declaration of Independence, 135, 228, 280, 295, 297, 298, 309, 324, 335, 346, 352, 362, 392–93, 395, 412, 415

  Defence of the Constitutions of Government of the United States of America, A (Adams), 162

  Democratic Party, 331, 333, 335–36, 345, 346

  Demosthenes, 274

  Discourses on Davila (Adams), 169

  Domestic and Confidential Epistles, 62–63

  Domestic Life of Thomas Jefferson, The (Randolph), 330, 346

  Donald, David Herbert, 411

  Douglas, David, 344

  Du Bois, W. E. B., 409

  Duer, William, 231

  Dunglison, Robley, 324–25

  Eacker, George, 245–46

  Ebony, 409, 412

  Eden, Robert, 27–28, 31

  Elizabeth I, Queen of England, 7

  Ellis, Joseph, 336, 414

  Episcopalians, 250–51, 252, 324

  Eppes, Elizabeth, 289, 290–91, 292, 293, 303, 306, 308

  Eppes, Francis (grandfather), 269, 279, 288, 292

  Eppes, Francis (grandson), 315, 322

  Eppes, Jack, 308, 309, 316, 317, 318

  Eppes, Mary Jefferson “Polly,” 282, 283, 302–4, 305, 306, 308, 310, 313–17, 325–26, 332, 352, 412

  Fairfax, Anne, 7, 9–10

  Fairfax, Bryan, 12, 53

  Fairfax, George William, 4, 6–7, 9, 10, 11, 17, 32, 33–34, 53

  Fairfax, Lord, 6, 9, 10, 32

  Fairfax, Sarah Cary “Sally,” xiii, 3–5, 6, 7, 22, 32, 33–34, 53–54, 58

  Fairfax, William, 6–7, 12, 13

  Fame and the Founding Fathers (Adair), 410–11

  Federalist Papers, The, 226

  Federalist Party, 164–65, 168, 175, 176, 177–78, 182, 184–89, 191–92, 193, 200, 239–40, 241, 244, 245, 247–48, 252, 309, 310–11, 314, 315, 318, 371–72, 374, 378, 381, 382, 386–87, 389, 397

  First Amendment, 191, 413

  Fitzpatrick, John C., 5, 16, 66–67, 70

  Fleming, Edward, 217

  Fleming, William, 264

  Floyd, Kitty, 356–58, 363–66

  Floyd, William, 356

  Ford, West, 68–70, 420n–21n

  Foster, Eugene, 336–37, 338, 339, 341, 343, 416

  Founding Fathers, xiii–xvi, 3–5, 114, 132, 181–82, 194–97, 205, 308, 309, 328–30, 352, 370; see also specific individuals

  Fourth of July, 135, 187, 205, 245–46, 248, 255, 324–25, 374, 403

  Franklin, Abiah Folger, 74, 76

  Franklin, Benjamin, 73–121

  as ambassador to France, 38, 100, 102–15, 116,
139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 148, 150, 152, 153, 154, 157–58, 165–66, 281, 292, 294–95, 364

  autobiography of, 74, 77, 79

  British negotiations of, 92–93, 95–96

  at Constitutional Convention (1787), 118–19, 415

  in Continental Congress, 126, 140, 415

  death of, 116, 120

  electricity experiments of, 73–74, 87, 142, 261

  family dynasty of, 86, 89, 91, 93–94, 116–17

  as father, 89–90, 93, 96–101, 117, 118, 119

  final years of, 115–21

  as founding father, 94–96, 114–15, 162, 165–66, 195, 261, 294–95

  health of, 86, 87, 115–16, 117, 119, 120, 158

  John Adams’s relationship with, 103, 114–15, 126, 140, 141, 142, 143, 148, 153, 154, 157–58, 162, 181, 185, 195

  in London, 75, 76, 81, 85–89, 91–96, 261

  love life of, 75, 76–77, 82–83, 103–6, 114–15, 119–21, 142, 143, 229, 422n

  marriage of, xv, 73–81, 82, 83, 84, 86–88, 90, 92–93, 94, 95, 97, 110

  in Paris, 102–17

  in Pennsylvania Assembly, 84, 90

  personality of, 77–80, 81, 102, 116

  in Philadelphia, 73–85, 90–93, 96–101, 118–20

  political career of, 73, 77, 80, 83, 84–85, 86, 90, 91–92, 95–97, 103, 107, 112–15, 126, 153–54, 165–66

  as postmaster, 79, 80, 82, 95

  as printer, 73, 74–77, 78, 79, 117

  reputation of, 82, 86, 92–93, 100, 102, 103, 106, 114–15, 118, 126, 142, 154, 162, 165–66, 195, 261, 294–95

  as revolutionary leader, 85, 90, 91–115

  as scientist, 73–74, 78, 80, 83, 85, 87, 88, 92, 102, 142, 261

  writings of, 79, 81, 85, 91

  Franklin, Deborah Read, xv, 73–81, 82, 83, 84, 86–88, 90, 92–93, 94, 95, 97, 110

  Franklin, Elizabeth Downes, 89–90, 94, 98–101, 113, 118, 119

  Franklin, Francis Folger “Frankie,” xv, 78

  Franklin, Jane, 83, 120

  Franklin, John, 79, 82

  Franklin, Josiah, 74, 76, 86

  Franklin, Sarah “Sally,” see Bache, Sarah Franklin “Sally”

  Franklin, William (Benjamin Franklin’s son), xv, 73–74, 78, 80, 83–89, 93, 94, 95, 96–101, 107, 112–14, 117, 118, 119, 126

  Franklin, William Temple, 88, 89–90, 93, 96–97, 98, 100, 106, 107, 113–14, 118, 119, 154, 295, 399

  Frazier, Mary, 171–72, 201

  Free Some Day (Stanton), 340

  French and Indian War, 6, 11, 12, 16, 17–18, 92, 261, 314

  French Revolution, 48–49, 52, 62, 169, 174, 175, 178–79, 184, 186, 188–89, 228, 241, 306, 309–10, 312

  Freneau, Philip, 359

  Fries’s Rebellion, 187, 188

  Gage, Thomas, 29, 33, 60

  Gallatin, Albert, 388, 397

  Galloway, Joseph, 84, 90

  Gates, Henry Louis, 343

  Gates, Horatio, 218

  Gates, Jane, 343

  Gaylord, Levi, 329, 331

  George III, King of England, 34, 45, 89, 93, 94, 95, 103, 158, 159, 170, 186, 216, 231, 261, 267, 274, 280

  Georgia, 150, 151, 253, 283

  Gerry, Elbridge, 147, 388

  Gettysburg Address, 415

  Gibbon, Edward, 365

  Gibbons, Mary, 60–62

  Gillon, Alexander, 153–54

  Gordon-Reed, Annette, 415, 416, 437n

  Graeme, Elizabeth, 84, 85, 86, 89

  Grant, Ulysses S., 331

  Greene, Nathanael, 38

  Greene, William, 120

  Group, The (Warren), 196–97

  Hall, David, 80

  Hamilton, Alexander, 209–55

  background of, 209–16, 427n

  biographies of, 210–11, 212, 226, 232, 253

  Burr’s duel with, 248–51, 253

  congressional investigation of, 235–42

  corruption charges against, 231, 235–42, 251–52

  death of, 251–53

  education of, 214–17

  essays written by, 218, 224–27, 228, 229

  extramarital affair of, xvi, 230–43, 244, 245, 247, 252, 310

  as father, 227, 242, 243, 245–46

  as Federalist leader, 164–65, 168, 175, 177–78, 191–92, 193, 225, 239–40, 241, 244, 245, 247–48, 252, 309, 314, 382

  financial situation of, 212, 221, 226, 230, 238–39, 251–52

  as founding father, 226, 233–34, 240–41, 252–54, 370

  funeral of, 251, 252

  as illegitimate child, 209–12, 221, 229

  love life of, xvi, 215, 218–20, 225–43, 244, 245, 247, 252, 310

  Madison’s opposition to, 224, 231, 241, 366, 370

  marriage of, xvi, 218–22, 224–25, 227–28, 229, 230, 232, 233, 237–38, 241, 242–43, 244, 245, 248–55, 406

  military career of, 52, 164, 183–84, 185, 186, 188, 189, 191, 217–18, 220, 222–23, 224, 244–46

  pamphlets written by, 216, 240–41

  pen names used by, 218, 226–27, 229

  personality of, 211, 212–16, 217, 218–23, 243, 248–50

  political career of, xv–xvi, 224–27, 228, 229–42, 244, 245, 247–53, 366, 370

  political opponents of, 224, 226–27, 228, 231, 235–42, 247–53, 366, 370

  press coverage of, 228, 229, 239–41, 243, 244, 310

  religious views of, 215, 237–38, 248–51, 252, 253

  Republican opposition to, 232, 235, 236–37, 238, 239, 241, 242, 243, 244, 252–53, 366, 370

  reputation of, 214, 218, 222, 224–27, 228, 229, 230–54, 310

  as Treasury secretary, 46, 47, 229–42, 251–52

  Washington’s relationship with, 48, 164, 183–84, 189, 217–18, 220, 222–23, 224, 231, 233, 235–36, 238–39, 241–42, 244, 245, 253

  will of, 251–52

  writings of, 191–92, 213–14, 216, 218, 224–27, 228, 229, 240–41

  Hamilton, Angelica, 246

  Hamilton, Eliza, 254

  Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler “Betsey,” xvi, 218–22, 224–25, 227–28, 229, 230, 232, 233, 237–38, 241, 242–43, 244, 245, 248–55, 406

  Hamilton, James (father), 210–11, 214, 219, 221, 222, 223

  Hamilton, James (son), 210, 211, 212, 249

  Hamilton, John Church, 253

  Hamilton, Philip, 227, 243, 245–46, 249

  Hancock, John, 162, 281

  Harrison, Benjamin, 40, 58–60, 61, 70

  Hartford Convention, 396, 397

  Harvard College, 5, 36, 127, 128, 155, 156, 166–67, 170, 187

  Helvetius, Madame, 108–10, 114, 116, 117, 119–20, 143, 157–58

  Hemings, Beverly, 323, 332, 345

  Hemings, Elizabeth, 275, 289, 293, 304, 312, 327, 340, 347, 349, 429n

  Hemings, Eston, 323, 327, 328, 332, 337, 339, 340, 341, 342, 344, 345, 348, 351

  Hemings, Harriet, 323, 332, 345

  Hemings, James, 293, 305–6, 311, 340

  Hemings, John, 323

  Hemings, Madison, 323, 327, 331–33, 335, 336, 345–48, 349, 351, 409, 412, 415

  Hemings, Mary, 313, 409

  Hemings, Peter, 312

  Hemings, Robert, 312

  Hemings, Sally, xv, 304, 305–6, 310–15, 323, 327, 328–52, 409–16, 437n

  Henry, Patrick, 34, 273–74, 278–79, 280, 284, 286, 287, 361, 363, 364–65

  Hewson, Polly Stevenson, 86, 88, 89, 91, 95–96, 98, 110–11, 120

  History of the Republic as Traced in the Writings of…Hamilton (Hamilton), 253

  History of the Rise, Progress and Termination of the American Revolution, Interspersed with Biographical, Political and Moral Observations (Warren), 195–97

  Homer, 128, 291

  Hosack, David, 243, 250, 251, 428n

  Howell, Samuel, 273, 275, 429n

  I Cannot Tell a Lie (Bryant), 68–70

  Irving, Washington, 4–5, 384

  Izard, Ralph, 141–42, 150, 153, 165–66

  Jackson, Andrew, 396–97, 401, 402, 404
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  Jay, John, 62, 150, 244

  Jefferson, Field, 328, 337

  Jefferson, Isaac, 350

  Jefferson, Israel, 333–35, 346, 351

  Jefferson, Jane, 259–60, 274, 276

  Jefferson, Jane Randolph (granddaughter), 276, 278, 279

  Jefferson, Jane Randolph (grandmother), xiv, 260–61, 262, 266, 278, 279

  Jefferson, Lucy Elizabeth, 283, 284, 287

  Jefferson, Lucy Elizabeth “Lu,” 283, 287, 294, 302

  Jefferson, Martha “Patsy,” see Randolph, Martha Jefferson “Patsy”

  Jefferson, Martha Wayles Skelton, xiii, 266–93, 298–99, 302, 304, 315, 325–26, 352, 429n–30n

  Jefferson, Mary “Polly,” see Eppes, Mary Jefferson “Polly”

  Jefferson, Peter, 260, 261, 262, 307

  Jefferson, Randolph, 261, 340, 350–51

  Jefferson, Robert, 409–10

  Jefferson, Thomas, 259–352, 407–16

  Abigail Adams’s relationship with, 294, 296, 299, 304–5, 316–17

  as ambassador to France, xiv, 281–82, 292–306, 364

  as anti-Federalist leader, 175, 176, 177, 185

  as architect, 268–69, 272, 276, 282–83

  biographies of, xiii–xiv, 330, 333, 346, 351, 409–10, 412, 414–16

  cabinet of, 372, 374, 380

  in Continental Congress, 278–81, 287, 289, 294

  death of, 205, 324–26, 346, 403

  Declaration of Independence drafted by, 135, 280, 295, 297, 298, 309, 324, 335, 346, 352, 362, 412, 415

  DNA testing for, 328–44, 351, 416

  Dolley Madison’s relationship with, 332, 345–46, 347, 372–80

  economic policies of, 228, 233, 234, 315, 370, 379–80

 

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