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Curveball: The Remarkable Story of Toni Stone The First Woman to Play Professional Baseball in the Negro League

Page 31

by Martha Ackmann


  Weaver, Mike. “Female Player Was a Minority of One.” San Jose Mercury News, August 11, 1991.

  White, Joseph. “Female Pitcher in Negro Leagues Enjoyed String ’Em Out.” Seattle Times, May 10, 1998.

  Williams, Donnie, and Wayne Greenhaw. The Thunder of Angels: The Montgomery Bus Boycott and the People Who Broke the Back of Jim Crow. Chicago: Lawrence Hill/Chicago Review Press, 2005.

  Williams, Geraldine M. “Minnesota St. Paul.” Chicago Defender, December 18, 1937.

  Williams, Joe. “Please, Kiddies, Mr. Street Could Catch, Too.” n.p., n.d. Gabby Street file. National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc., Cooperstown, NY.

  Wilson, Austin. “Black Pioneer Hangs to Threads of Hope.” Vicksburg Sunday Post, August 7, 1977.

  Withers, Ernest C. Essay by Daniel Wolfe. Edited by Anthony Decaneas. Negro League Baseball. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 2005.

  Wittich, Porter. n.p., n.d. Gabby Street file. National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc., Cooperstown, NY.

  Woolard, Holly. “It’s Etched in Stone—She’s a Women’s Hall of Famer.” Marin Independent Journal, October 3, 1993.

  Young, Doc. “Toss ’Em Out: Should Girls Play Ball; No, Says Doc.” Chicago Defender, August 28, 1954.

  Index

  Aaron, Henry “Hank”

  Banks on, 183

  early career of, 116–18

  Hall of Fame and, 209, 210

  Stone as replacement for, 119, 121

  on women in baseball, 206

  African American Topeka (Kansas) Giants, 170

  Alberga, Aurelious Pescia

  correspondence of, 186–88

  on female players, 162–63

  on Jackson, 139

  later life of, 204–5

  meeting Stone, 59–60

  publicity and, 127–28

  racism and, 105–6

  sexism and, 106–7

  Smith and, 137–38

  Stone’s family and, 192, 196–97

  Stone’s return to baseball and, 119

  support from, 122–23

  All Nations team, 168–69

  All-American Girls Professional Baseball League, 108–9, 123, 158, 194

  Amarillo Colts, 98

  American Legion teams, 60–62

  Angelou, Maya (Johnson, Marguerite), 57, 59, 121

  Arlington, Elizabeth “Lizzie” Stroud, 109

  Armour, Alfred “Buddy,” 94–95

  Armstrong, Louis “Satchmo,” 71, 90–92

  Atlanta Crackers, 87

  Atlanta Daily World, 177

  Bacharach Giants, 113

  Baird, Thomas Y.

  background of, 169–71

  bus fire and, 178

  finances and, 193–94

  Kansas City Athletics and, 191

  Pollock and, 141, 172

  on role of Negro League, 111

  statistics and, 82

  Stone and, 164, 168

  young players and, 184–85

  Baltimore Black Sox, 113

  Baltimore Elite Giants, 95

  Banks, Ernie “Bingo"

  Cubs and, 201

  early career of, 98, 129–30, 133

  Hall of Fame and, 194n

  injuries and, 141

  racism and, 154

  scouts and, 149

  statistics of, 140, 163

  Stone and, 148, 151, 208–9

  stress of integration and, 182–83

  Baxter, Isabelle, 109–10

  Baylis, Hank, 180, 183, 189

  Beaumont Texas League, 135

  Bell, James “Cool Papa,” 82–83, 94, 113, 134, 194n

  Bell, Ralph (“Spec Bebop”), 131n, 144, 152, 195

  Benson, Cleo “Baldy,” 65, 67

  Bethune, Mary McLeod, 15, 17, 21

  Birmingham Black Barons, 95–97, 115, 118, 141

  Bismark Churchills, 41–42

  Bland, Lucille, 84–85

  Blue Room, 172–73

  Blues Stadium, 143, 148, 179–80, 191

  Boston Braves, 115, 118

  Breedlove, Maceo, 41–43, 44, 45

  Brewer, Sherwood, 178, 183

  Briggs Field, 138

  Brooklyn Dodgers, 61, 68, 76, 87–88, 114, 186

  Brooklyn Royal Giants, 113

  Brown, Willie, 57, 139, 194n

  Brown v. Board of Education, 180–82

  Busch Stadium, 142–43

  buses

  accident and, 144–45, 147

  boycott of, 162

  fire on, 177–78

  Buxton Wonders, 40

  California State Colored Republican League, 105

  Campanella, Roy “Campy,” 87–88, 161

  Carver, George Washington, 19, 32

  Cassville Blues, 110

  Catholic boys’ league, 4–5, 6, 18, 20, 26, 33

  Charleston, Oscar

  background of, 175–76

  as Clowns manager, 164, 165

  Crawfords and, 94, 113

  death of, 191

  home opener banquet and, 179

  on Morgan, 204

  Stone’s reading about, 21

  Chattanooga Lookouts, 109

  Chicago American Giants, 65, 67, 95, 112, 115, 118

  Chicago Colleens, 109

  Chicago Cubs, 86, 108, 163, 171

  Chicago Defender

  on black baseball, 113

  criticism in, 189

  Stone’s photograph in, 98

  Stone’s reading of, 20–21, 67, 197

  Chicago Giants, 113

  Chicago Leland Giants, 40

  Chicago White Sox, 22

  Cincinnati Reds, 134

  Civil Rights movement, 195–96, 199.

  see also integration; Jim Crow laws;

  segregation

  Class B Interstate League, 110

  Cleveland Buckeyes, 95

  Cleveland Colored Giants, 109–10

  clowning, 44, 65–66, 92–93, 114

  Cobb, Ty, 24, 28, 31

  Coleman, Vince, 201–2

  color barrier. see integration; Jim Crow

  laws; racism; segregation

  Comiskey Park, 114, 149

  Como Park, 14, 38

  Conner, Eugene “Bull,” 96, 110n

  Connie Mack Stadium, 140, 185, 204

  Cotton, John, 38–39, 43, 44, 45, 92

  Cotton Makers’ Jubilee, 179

  Cotton State League, 125n

  Cowans, Russ, 96, 133–34, 149, 179

  Crosley Field, 169

  Cuban Stars, 113

  Cuban Stars (East), 113

  Dallas Eagles, 118

  Davis, Lorenzo “Piper,” 96, 209

  Dayton Marcos, 113

  Dean, Dizzy, 5, 25

  Denver Post’s Invitational Baseball

  Tournament, 66–67

  Detroit Stars, 65, 113, 175, 194

  Detroit Tigers, 31

  DeVore, Donna, 203

  Didrikson Zaharias, Babe, 84, 170

  DiMaggio, Joe, 63, 126n

  DiMaggio, Vince, 63, 126n

  Doerr, Bobby, 62, 63

  Donaldson, John, 96, 169

  Downs, McKinley “Bunny"

  Aaron and, 116–17

  advice from, 119, 165–66, 167–68

  bus accident and, 131, 143–44, 147

  Haywood and, 151

  Johnson and, 158

  Morgan and, 159, 160

  on player relations, 139–40

  retirement of, 191, 193

  Stone with Clowns and, 123–24

  DuBois, W. E. B., 12, 19, 106

  Dymond, Gloria, 85

  Easter, Luke, 67, 160

  Eastern Colored League, 113

  East-West All-Star game, 149–50, 187–88

  Ebbets Field, 67

  Ebony, 142, 159

  Edwards, Evelyn

  childhood of, 13, 15, 19

  education of, 49

  integration and, 8

  racism and, 47, 72

  Egan, Florence, 36�
�37

  Engle, Eleanor, 110

  entertainment, during games. see clowning

  equipment, 17, 33, 148, 177–78

  Ethiopian Clowns, 93, 173

  Executive Order 8802, 52

  Fayetteville Bears, 110

  Fergus Falls North Stars, 40

  Fields, Wilmer, 78, 114n

  Florida Colored Hobos, 92

  Forbes Field, 140

  Fort Worth Tigers, 71, 80

  Foster, Andrew “Rube,” 112, 113, 173

  Gehrig, Lou, 109

  Gibson, Josh, 94, 113, 134, 195, 210

  Gordon, Herald “BeeBop,” 65–66, 79–80, 85

  Grand Rapid Chicks, 109

  Green, Samuel, 87–88

  Greene, Joe, 112–13

  Greenlee, William Augustus “Gus,” 113

  Greenlee Field, 113

  Griffin, Jimmy, 47–48

  Griffith Stadium, 140

  Hall, Jim, 80, 83, 84, 97, 111

  Hall of Fame, 199, 209

  Hallie Q. Brown Community Center, 4, 13–14

  Hamman, Ed, 131n, 152, 154

  Hamman, Joyce, 152, 154

  harassment

  from fans, 77–79, 87

  of players, 68

  by teammates, 103, 139–40, 187

  Harlem Globetrotters, 64

  Harris, Eddie, 63–64, 65, 70

  Harrisburg Senators, 110

  Havana Cuban Giants, 184

  Haywood, Albert “Buster”

  bus accident and, 147

  desertion of player by, 188

  Downs and, 151

  East-West All-Star game and, 149

  injuries and, 129, 136, 139

  Johnson and, 159

  lack of respect and, 164

  Memphis Red Sox and, 175

  Morgan and, 160–61

  Neal and, 163

  on Stone, 123–24, 143

  on travel, 132

  Hetznecker, Clemy, 12–13

  Hilldale Club, 113

  Hodges, Gil, 160, 176

  Homestead Grays, 67, 78, 93, 95, 114, 175

  Hopkins, Gordon “Hoppy,” 139, 159, 202

  Hot Springs Bathers, 125n

  House of David team, 170

  Howe, Elias, 81–82

  Hub City Browns, 40

  Hughes, Langston, 21, 147

  Indianapolis ABCs, 113, 175

  Indianapolis Clowns

  Aaron and, 116–18

  bus accident and, 144–45, 147

  contracts and, 115

  fans and, 129, 130, 138

  Kansas City home opener and, 133–35

  standings and, 140

  Stone with, 121–22, 126

  injuries, 99–100, 128–29, 136, 139, 140–41, 188–89

  integration

  of Cotton State League, 125n

  in industry, 52

  loss of community and, 200

  Negro American League and, 114–15

  Negro League and, 111–12, 124

  Pacific Coast League and, 67

  press coverage and, 83

  Robinson and, 182–83

  in tennis, 138

  International League, 112

  Irvin, Monte, 98–99, 182, 186

  Isabella Hard Heads, 198–99, 206

  Jack’s Tavern, 57–59, 60

  Jackson, Doris, 139, 143

  Jacox, Cal, 150, 185

  Jim Crow laws

  Brown v. Board of Education and, 180–81

 

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