Elizabeth of York, queen of Henry VII, ref 1
Eltham Palace, ref 1, ref 2
Ely, bishop of, ref 1
Empson, Sir Richard, ref 1
enclosure (of land), ref 1, ref 2
England: Catholic religious practices, ref 1; war with France (1513), ref 1; depopulation in counties, ref 1; taxation, ref 1; war against France (1523), ref 1; threat of rebellion, ref 1; treaties with France: (1525), ref 1; (1546), ref 1; (1572), ref 1; (1573), ref 1; trading development, ref 1; executions for treason (1534–40), ref 1; under supervision and control, ref 1; prophecies and portents, ref 1, ref 2; Franco–Spanish invasion threat against Henry, ref 1; war with Scotland (1542), ref 1; invades France (1544), ref 1; religion at time of Henry’s death, ref 1; European Protestant divines visit, ref 1; religious reforms under Edward VI, ref 1; legislation under Edward VI, ref 1; social divisions and unrest under Edward VI and Somerset, ref 1, ref 2; Henry II of France declares war on, ref 1; food and eating, ref 1; described by French and Spanish, ref 1; Protestant exiles flee to Europe, ref 1; declares war on France (1557), ref 1; coach introduced, ref 1; naval development and sea power, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; rift with Spain, ref 1; development of world trade, ref 1; material improvements, ref 1; industrial development, ref 1; Catholic invasion threat, ref 1; voyages and colonies, ref 1; period of peace (1559–85), ref 1; trade with Spain, ref 1; Spanish Armada and invasion threat, ref 1; strength of fleet against Armada, ref 1; seamen’s behaviour, ref 1; unrest (1596), ref 1; see also North of England
English language: Bible translated into, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5; litany under Edward VI, ref 1; in Church of England, ref 1; used for psalms under Elizabeth, ref 1
Erasmus, Desiderius: opposes war, ref 1; on unhygienic conditions, ref 1; translates New Testament, ref 1; religious reforms, ref 1; on fear in England, ref 1; humanist learning, ref 1; on Becket shrine at Canterbury, ref 1; Mary Tudor translates, ref 1, ref 2; De Servando Conjugio (‘On Preserving Marriage’), ref 1; Paraphrase of the New Testament, ref 1
Erik, prince of Sweden, ref 1
Essex, Robert Devereux, 2nd earl of: character and career, ref 1; as Elizabeth’s favourite, ref 1; on expedition against Portugal, ref 1; belligerence, ref 1; rivalry with Robert Cecil, ref 1, ref 2; as ward of Burghley, ref 1; in privy council, ref 1; controls intelligence, ref 1; uncovers Lopez plot against Elizabeth, ref 1; leads expedition against Cadiz, ref 1; leads second attack on Spain (1597), ref 1; offends Elizabeth, ref 1; sent to Ireland as lord deputy, ref 1; withdraws from court, ref 1; returns to England from Ireland, ref 1; examined by special court and found guilty of contempt, ref 1; disgraced, ref 1; plans rebellion, ref 1; imprisons Cecil, ref 1; armed revolt and surrender, ref 1; executed, ref 1
Essex, Sir Walter Devereux, 1st earl of, ref 1
Eucharist, ref 1, ref 2; see also transubstantiation
Europe: religious wars and troubles, ref 1
Evil May Day (1517), ref 1
excommunication, ref 1
Exeter: in Western Rising, ref 1; workhouse established (1553), ref 1
Exeter, Henry Courtenay, marquess of, ref 1
faith, ref 1
Familists (Family of God), ref 1
famine, ref 1
fashion, ref 1
Faunt, Nicholas, ref 1
Felton, John, ref 1
Fenatus (tooth drawer), ref 1
Fenton, William, ref 1
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, ref 1
Ferdinand, archduke of Austria, ref 1
Ferdinand, king of Aragon, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Feria, Jane Dormer, duchess of, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Field of Cloth of Gold (1520), ref 1
Field, John and Thomas Wilcox: An Admonition to the Parliament, ref 1
Fish, Simon: A Supplication for the Beggars, ref 1
Fisher, John, bishop of Rochester: resists Henry’s demands, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; proposes Spanish invasion of England, ref 1; arrested, ref 1; refuses oath on Act of Succession and consigned to Tower, ref 1; trial and execution, ref 1, ref 2
Flodden Field, battle of (1513), ref 1, ref 2
Flower, Thomas, ref 1
food and diet: changes, ref 1
Forrest, Fra John, ref 1
Foster, Thomas, ref 1
Fotheringhay Castle, ref 1, ref 2
Foxe, John: on killing of Hunne, ref 1; reports incidents of iconoclasm, ref 1; on Supremacy Act (1534), ref 1; on Katherine Parr, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; on Henry’s mistrust of Gardiner, ref 1; on accession of Edward VI, ref 1; on Marian persecutions, ref 1; and Elizabeth’s meeting with Mary Tudor, ref 1; and martyrdom of Latimer, ref 1; recounts history of Reformation, ref 1; protests to Elizabeth at resumption of burnings, ref 1; Book of Martyrs, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6
Foxe, Richard, bishop of Winchester: as lord privy seal, ref 1; promotes Wolsey, ref 1
France: Henry’s hostility to, ref 1, ref 2; Holy League formed against, ref 1; war declared against (1512), ref 1; Henry’s expedition against (1513), ref 1; Henry invades (1523), ref 1; treaties with England: (1525), ref 1; (1546), ref 1; (1572), ref 1; (1573), ref 1; Henry visits with Anne Boleyn, ref 1; Henry allies against with Charles V, ref 1, ref 2; alliance with Scotland, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; invasion (1544), ref 1; renewed invasion threat from, ref 1; force lands at Leith (1548), ref 1; peace with England, ref 1; supports Dudley conspiracy, ref 1; ships attack Scarborough, ref 1; England declares war on (1557), ref 1; threatens invasion of England (1558), ref 1; Elizabeth seeks peace with, ref 1; and plots to kill Elizabeth, ref 1; garrison at Leith resists English, ref 1; rivalry with Spain, ref 1; troops leave Scotland, ref 1; wars of religion, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; support for Mary Stuart, ref 1; seizes Hainault, ref 1; war against Spain in Netherlands, ref 1; Catholic extremism, ref 1; disunity, ref 1
Francis I, king of France: accession, ref 1; conflicts with Charles V, ref 1; Wolsey negotiates with, ref 1; at Field of Cloth of Gold, ref 1; Mary Tudor betrothed to, ref 1; Henry and Charles V’s (1521) treaty against, ref 1; Henry’s alliance with, ref 1; delays publication of pope’s bull against Henry, ref 1; invasion threat to England, ref 1; fails to form alliance with Charles V, ref 1; detests Cromwell, ref 1; welcomes Scots’ war with England, ref 1; seeks peace with Henry and Charles V (1544), ref 1
Francis II, king of France: marriage to Mary Stuart, ref 1; accession, ref 1; renounces claim to English throne, ref 1; death, ref 1
friaries: destroyed, ref 1, ref 2
Frobisher, Sir Martin, ref 1
Fuller, Thomas, ref 1, ref 2; The Church History of Britain, ref 1
Gardiner, Stephen, bishop of Winchester: chides pope, ref 1; on revolt in North, ref 1; Barnes preaches against, ref 1; campaign against heretics, ref 1; and accusations against Cranmer, ref 1; as Purveyor General to army in France, ref 1; favours peace over war, ref 1; Henry complains to of Katherine Parr’s religious reformism, ref 1; in Foxe’s Book of Martyrs, ref 1; investigates Katherine Parr, ref 1; Henry mistrusts, ref 1, ref 2; excluded from court and regency council, ref 1, ref 1; religious conservatism, ref 1; discounted by Edward VI, ref 1; protests at Edward VI’s religious reforms, ref 1; preaches after release from prison, ref 1; rearrested and confined in Tower, ref 1; restored under Mary Tudor, ref 1; as adviser to Mary Tudor, ref 1; interrogates Courtenay over plot, ref 1; urges acceptance of Philip of Spain, ref 1; restores Act on burning of heretics, ref 1; death, ref 1; De Vera Obedientia, ref 1
Garrett, Thomas, ref 1
‘gathered’ churches, ref 1
Gembloux, battle of (1578), ref 1
Gerard, Father, SJ, ref 1
Germany: uprising (1525), ref 1; Henry seeks Protestant support from, ref 1, ref 2
Ghent, Pacification of, ref 1
Glass of the Truth, A (tract), ref 1
Glastonbury abbey, ref 1, ref 2
Golden Hind (earlier Pelican; ship), ref 1
Gorges, Ferdinando, ref 1
‘gospellers’, ref 1
Gower,
George, ref 1
Gravelines, battle of (1588), ref 1
Great Harry (ship), ref 1
Greenwich Palace, ref 1
Gregory VII, pope: reforms, ref 1
Grenville, Sir Richard, ref 1
Grey, Lady Jane: background, ref 1; and death of Edward, ref 1; proclaimed queen, ref 1, ref 2; beheaded, ref 1
Grey, Lord John, ref 1
Grey, Lady Katherine (Countess of Hertford), ref 1, ref 2
Grey, Lady Mary, ref 1
Grindal, Edmund, archbishop of Canterbury, ref 1, ref 2
Guise, Francis, duke of, ref 1
Guise, Henry I, duke of, ref 1, ref 2
Guise, house of, ref 1; see also Mary of Guise
Habsburg dynasty: dominance, ref 1
Hackett (yeoman pretender), ref 1
Hakluyt, Richard, ref 1
Hall, Edward, ref 1, ref 2; Chronicle, ref 1, ref 2
Hallam, Henry, ref 1
Hambleton Hill, ref 1
Hampton Court, ref 1, ref 2
Hardwick House, ref 1
Harold Harefoot, ref 1
Harpsfield, Nicholas, ref 1
Harridaunce, John, ref 1
Harrington, Sir John, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5
Harrison, William, ref 1, ref 2; Description of England, ref 1
harvest failures: (1549), ref 1; (1551), ref 1; (1555), ref 1; (1586), ref 1; (1594–7), ref 1
Hatfield House, Hertfordshire, ref 1
Hatton, Sir Christopher: in Commons, ref 1; as favourite of Elizabeth, ref 1; scheme to discover North–West Passage, ref 1; commissions portrait of Elizabeth, ref 1; on prospect of Mary Stuart succeeding to English throne, ref 1; denounces Mary Stuart, ref 1
Haughton, John, Carthusian prior, ref 1
Haukes, Thomas, ref 1
Hawkins, Sir John, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Hawkins, Sir Richard: Observations, ref 1
Hawkins, William, ref 1
Heere, Lucas de: The Family of Henry VIII: An Allegory (painting), ref 1
Heneage, Sir Thomas, ref 1
Henry II, king of France: aims to recover Boulogne, ref 1, ref 2; alliance with Scotland, ref 1; declares war against England (1549), ref 1; and succession of Mary Tudor, ref 1; promises help to English insurgents, ref 1, ref 2; Philip declares war on, ref 1
Henry III, king of France (earlier duke of Anjou): marriage negotiations with Elizabeth, ref 1
Henry IV (of Navarre), king of France, ref 1, ref 2
Henry VII, king: death and funeral, ref 1; supposed wish to marry Katherine of Aragon, ref 1; claim to throne, ref 1; bequest to Henry VIII, ref 1; challenges Church, ref 1; and Wolsey’s downfall, ref 1
Henry VIII, king: accession and coronation, ref 1; marriage to Katherine of Aragon, ref 1; musicianship, ref 1; upbringing and education, ref 1; appearance, ref 1; sporting activities, ref 1; character and temperament, ref 1; hostility to France, ref 1, ref 2; infidelities and mistresses, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; inheritance, ref 1; pilgrimages to holy places, ref 1; religious faith and observance, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; joins Holy League, ref 1; expedition against France (1513), ref 1; intervenes in Hunne heresy case, ref 1; and Henry Standish case, ref 1; birth of daughter Mary, ref 1; rivalry with French king and emperor Charles V, ref 1; pardons London rioters, ref 1; and religious controversy, ref 1, ref 2; designated Defender of the Faith (Fidei Defensor), ref 1; reads and counters Luther, ref 1; protects Wolsey, ref 1; in France for Field of Cloth of Gold, ref 1; renews claims to French crown, ref 1; meets and courts Anne Boleyn, ref 1, ref 2; and Wolsey’s failure, ref 1; desire for legitimate son, ref 1; seeks divorce from Katherine of Aragon, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6; takes over administration of country, ref 1; claim to spiritual supremacy, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4; reads Fish’s Supplication, ref 1; acts against clergy, ref 1; recognized as supreme head of Church in England, ref 1; renounces Katherine of Aragon, ref 1; accepts submission of clergy, ref 1; seeks support of parliament, ref 1; honours and elevates Anne Boleyn, ref 1; visits France with Anne Boleyn, ref 1; as absolute ruler, ref 2, ref 3; marriage to Anne Boleyn, ref 1, ref 2; marriage to Katherine declared invalid, ref 1; declared supreme head of Church of England, ref 1; Clement VII issues bull against, ref 1; attends Reformation Parliament (1536), ref 1; on death of Katherine of Aragon, ref 1; stunned in fall from horse, ref 1; and Anne Boleyn’s infidelity and execution, ref 1; marries Jane Seymour, ref 1, ref 2; daughter Mary submits to, ref 1; succession question, ref 1, ref 2; draws up articles of faith, ref 1; and settlement of Pilgrimage of Grace rebellion, ref 1; meets Aske, ref 1; suppresses rebellion in North, ref 1; and dissolution of monasteries, ref 1; pope publishes Bill of Deposition against, ref 1; revises bishops’ statement of belief, ref 1; opposes unorthodox religious doctrine, ref 1; and son Edward, ref 1; ulcerous legs, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; and invasion threat from continent, ref 1; moves from religious reform, ref 1, ref 2; marriage to and separation from Anne of Cleves, ref 1; and Cromwell’s downfall, ref 1, ref 2; supervises public affairs, ref 1; marriage to Katherine Howard, ref 1; progress to north, ref 1; informed of Katherine Howard’s infidelities, ref 1, ref 2; obesity, ref 1, ref 2; protects Cranmer against accusations of heresy, ref 1; final marriage to Katherine Parr, ref 1; and invasion of France (1544), ref 1; withdraws from France, ref 1; in family portrait, ref 1; deplores differences in religion, ref 1; and Church reform, ref 1; deprecates Katherine Parr’s religious reformism, ref 1; signs treaty of Ardres (1546), ref 1; pardons Katherine Parr for religious views, ref 1; health decline and death, ref 1; rages, ref 1; will, ref 1, ref 2; funeral, ref 1; in allegorical de Heere painting, ref 1; executions under, ref 1; Harpsfield on, ref 1; Assertio Septem Sacramentorum, ref 1
Henry Imperial (ship), ref 1
Heresy Act (1555), ref 1
heretics: condemned and executed, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3; growing numbers, ref 1; suppressed, ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Hertford, Edward Seymour, 1st earl of
see Somerset, 1st duke of
Hertford, Edward Seymour, earl of (son of above), ref 1
Hever (house), Kent, ref 1
Hexham abbey, Northumberland, ref 1
Heywood, John, ref 1
Higden, Ranulph: Polychronicon, ref 1
Hilliard, Nicholas, ref 1
history: effect of Reformation on, ref 1
Hoby, Lady Elizabeth, ref 1
Holbein, Hans, ref 1, ref 2
Holinshed, Raphael, ref 1, ref 2
Holt Castle, Worcestershire, ref 1
Holy League: formed against France, ref 1
Hooker, John, ref 1
Hooker, Richard: Of the Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity, ref 1
Tudors (History of England Vol 2) Page 56