The Heart of Everything That Is

by Drury, Bob; Clavin, Tom;

  see also specific Indians and Indian tribes

  Iowas, 40–41, 124

  Iroquois, 6, 36, 38–39, 52, 132

  Jackson, Andrew, 135

  Jacobs, John, 5, 182, 236–37

  Jenness, John, 355

  Johnson, Andrew, 219, 310, 316

  Johnson, Dorothy, 236–37

  Jones, Robinson, 159–60

  Julesburg, Colo., 241–42

  battles at, 190–92, 197, 202, 221, 321

  Kearny, Philip, 10n

  Kearny, Stephen W., 10n, 25, 254n

  Kiowas, 24, 42, 54–57, 59–60, 71, 170–71, 206, 233

  La Ramée, Jacques, 96

  Lee, Robert E., 6, 157, 206, 350

  Left Hand, Chief of the Arapaho, 188, 210, 289–90

  Leighton, A. C., 251, 258

  Lewis, Meriwether, 42, 59, 61, 97, 132, 238

  Lincoln, Abraham, 10, 146, 157, 159, 171–72, 177–78, 207, 264

  Dakotas and, 161, 166

  Little Bighorn, Battle of the, 361–62, 370

  Little Crow, Chief of the Sioux, 160–62, 184, 265

  Little Piney Creek, 2, 262, 284, 286, 289, 347, 352, 356

  Carrington’s Overland Circus and, 253, 255–56, 258–59

  Little Thunder, Chief of the Sioux, 136–39, 184–85

  Lone Man (father), 60, 63–64

  alcoholism of, 63, 83, 108, 350

  Lonesome Dove (McMurtry), 298

  Lost Children, The, 165

  Mackenzie, Alexander, 38

  McMurtry, Larry, 298

  Madison, James, 179

  Mandan, 19, 55, 59

  Marcy, Randolph B., 154

  Maslowski, Peter, 364–65

  Maynadier, Henry, 242–43

  Metzger, Adolph, 312–13, 334–35

  Mexican War, 10n, 135, 146, 176, 230, 254n, 279

  miners, 20, 49, 104–6, 172–73, 231, 236, 281, 356, 360

  Bozeman Trail and, 182, 237, 275

  and Indian raiding and war parties, 106, 185–86, 282, 303

  Red Cloud’s War and, 3, 7, 320, 326, 340–41

  see also gold

  Mitchell, David D., 23, 29–30, 32

  Monnett, John, 373

  Moonlight, Thomas, 195, 197–99, 209

  Mormons, 22, 105–6, 122–23, 125–27, 151, 153, 271

  Mormon War, 153–54, 230

  Morton, Christopher, 371

  mountain man rendezvous, 98–100

  Myrick, Andrew, 159–61

  Newport, Christopher, 6n

  Nez Percé, 28, 100, 102, 107, 149, 350

  North, Bob, 283, 320

  Office of Indian Affairs, 227, 242–45, 247

  Old-Man-Afraid-Of-His-Horses, 79–80, 112, 123, 143–44, 154–55, 243, 289, 347

  Old Smoke, Chief of the Sioux (uncle of Red Cloud), 24, 63–67, 70, 75, 103, 112, 114, 118–19, 131–32, 140, 148, 154, 175

  conflict between Bull Bear and, 65, 87–88

  raiding parties and, 71–73, 115, 164

  Red Cloud’s relationship with, 66–67, 121

  treaties and, 33, 93

  Omahas, 40–41, 55, 59, 134, 164–65

  One Horn, The, chief of the Sioux, 123

  Oregon Trail, 83, 95, 96, 100, 104–6, 119–20, 130, 139, 149, 152, 155, 171, 175, 181, 183–84, 192, 197, 199–200, 207, 240, 249, 280, 290, 295, 358–59

  Bozeman Trail and, 5, 207, 236, 238

  emigrants and, 20–21, 275, 303

  Palmer, Innis, 349

  Parker, Samuel, 99

  Parkman, Francis, 21, 121

  Paul, R. Eli, 358, 371

  Pawnees, 8, 60, 103, 136, 180, 198, 209, 211, 216, 231, 239, 244, 280, 350, 360–61

  horses acquired by, 54–55

  Sioux and, 56–57, 71–74, 77, 106, 119, 233, 361

  treaties and, 22–23, 25

  Peno Creek, 274, 311–13, 317–18, 322–23, 329–31, 336, 338, 345, 347, 363–64

  Phillips, John “Portugee,” 340–42, 348–49, 354

  Pilot Knob, 256, 262, 280–81, 288, 304

  Red Cloud’s War and, 318, 323–26, 328–29, 343, 346

  Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, 49, 361–63, 370

  Pipe Dance ritual, 131–34

  Polk, James K., 135, 146

  Poncas, 132

  Pope, John, 207, 219, 228–30

  Popé, Juan de, 54

  Powder River, Powder River Country, 1–4, 20, 25, 60, 70–71, 96, 140, 148–50, 155, 163, 170–71, 173, 181, 209–12, 214–15, 217–19, 233, 235, 273, 277, 282, 292, 298, 304, 360

  Bozeman Trail and, 218, 228, 237

  Carrington’s Overland Circus and, 242, 247–48, 251–52

  Clear Fork of the, 80–81, 105, 263

  and Indian raiding and war parties, 191, 305

  and Indians’ escape from Army, 191, 193–96

  Red Cloud’s War and, 9–10, 15, 323, 341, 351

  Sioux and, 57–58, 102, 175

  Story and, 295–97

  treaties and, 3, 32, 227, 242–44, 356–57

  Powell, James, 305, 318–22, 324, 327, 344, 354–55

  Pretty Owl (wife of Red Cloud), 109–11, 118, 134, 143, 362

  Pueblos, 53–54

  railroad, 101, 119, 152, 192, 219, 225, 239, 353, 356, 359, 365

  Red Cloud’s War and, 3, 10

  Reconstruction, 5, 220, 225, 356

  Red Buttes, Battle of, 170

  Red Cloud, chief of the Sioux, 21, 127, 140, 143–48, 173, 175, 183, 216, 230, 272–75, 283–84, 299, 307

  alleged supernatural powers of, 112–14

  in allowing enemy to live, 76–77

  ambitions of, 71, 74, 78, 108–9, 112, 114, 163

  autobiography of, 50, 63, 70, 85, 93, 135, 358, 369–71

  Bear Butte Council and, 143–44, 147, 171

  as Big Belly, 233–34, 257, 291, 354

  birth of, 60, 136

  Bozeman Trail and, 209, 218, 235, 238, 245

  Bull Bear’s death and, 89, 105, 112–13

  Carrington’s Overland Circus and, 248, 257–59

  childhood and adolescence of, 24, 61, 64–79, 152, 350

  and closing of Fort Laramie Indian trading post, 358–59

  coalition of, 3–4, 15, 210, 289–91, 347, 350, 355

  conflict between Black Eagle and, 83–89

  contagious diseases and, 119–20

  courtship and marriage of, 109–11

  cousin’s death and, 71–72

  Crazy Horse’s relationship with, 24, 143, 291, 309, 347, 362

  Dakotas and, 162–64, 166

  death of, 111, 363–64

  December 6 fight and, 310, 314, 316

  Deon’s relationship with, 162–66

  education of, 64–68, 70

  fame of, 24, 81, 83, 112–13, 118, 163, 243, 351, 358–59, 363, 365, 370–71

  father’s death and, 63–64

  Fetterman Massacre and, 321–35, 346–48, 350–51, 369

  and fight at Bridge Station, 170, 200, 202, 204–5, 213, 347

  fighting skills and qualities of, 77–78, 112

  first kill of, 73–75

  Fort Phil Kearny construction and, 262–63

  Grattan affair and, 128, 130

  grave of, 363

  heritage of, 108–9

  honors of, 114, 131–34, 347

  horses and, 68, 80, 85–87, 109–10, 132

  hunt for, 206–9, 219, 304, 306

  hunting and, 69, 80–81, 85, 108, 112–13, 118, 136, 289, 358

  and Indians’ escape from Army, 191, 193–96

  injuries of, 112–13

  land secured and defended by, 10–11, 12–13, 15, 191, 193, 219, 235, 350–51, 363

  leadership of, 108, 154, 163, 211, 245, 270, 274, 289, 355

  Little Bighorn winter camp and, 348, 350, 353

  naming of, 60

  Old Smoke’s relationship with, 66–67, 121

  pacifism of, 360–61

  physical appearance of, 24, 72–74

  political missions of, 4
9–50, 358–60, 362

  and raiding and war parties, 4, 25, 34, 71–77, 79–80, 83–86, 88, 106, 112–18, 147–48, 150–51, 163–65, 191, 195, 210–11, 248, 259, 263, 270, 286, 289, 303–4, 308–9

  religious beliefs of, 10, 15, 31, 50, 70, 77–78, 197, 363

  reservations and, 361–63, 370

  rise to power of, 76, 80, 89, 112, 150, 233–34

  river escape of, 117–18

  speeches of, 359, 362–64

  storytelling of, 164–65

  strategy and tactics of, 3, 6–7, 14, 141, 155, 199, 202, 205, 214–15, 258–59, 270, 273–75, 280, 290, 298, 308–9, 314, 317, 321–24, 334, 346–48, 350, 355, 361, 369, 373

  temper of, 68, 79, 245, 259, 347, 350

  Tongue River war council and, 196–97

  treaties and, 3–4, 11, 24–25, 29, 32–34, 93–94, 144, 227, 234, 243–47, 353, 356–59, 363

  vengefulness and, 125, 170

  violence and cruelty of, 25, 64, 76–77, 81, 151

  Wagon Box Fight and, 351, 354–55

  weapons and, 69, 89, 110–11, 117, 146, 165, 195, 217, 245, 290, 357

  Red Cloud, Jack (son), 134, 362

  Red Cloud Agency, 360–61

  Red Cloud’s War, 2–15, 170, 306–7, 310–55, 365

  blizzard in, 344, 346, 349

  casualties in, 7–9, 15, 314–15, 318–19, 330–35, 337–41, 344–46, 350, 352, 363–64, 373

  causes of, 5–6, 11

  December 6 fight in, 310–20

  Fetterman Massacre in, 321–53, 325, 363–64, 369, 371–73

  half-man’s omen and, 322

  Peno Creek and, 311–13, 317–18, 322–23, 329–31, 336, 338, 345, 347, 363–64

  Phillips’s mission in, 340–42, 348–49

  treaties and, 353, 355, 357

  Wagon Box Fight in, 351, 354–55

  Red Deer, 86–87

  Regan, James, 193–95

  Reno Station, 262, 272, 287, 291, 303, 353, 358

  and Battle of Crazy Woman Fork, 263–64, 267, 269

  Carrington’s Overland Circus and, 249–52, 254, 256–58

  command turmoil at, 292–93

  Red Cloud’s War and, 348, 351–52

  Story and, 295–96

  Ten Eyck’s journal and, 273–74

  Roman Nose, chief of the Cheyenne, 196, 204–5, 210, 215–16, 317

  Sacred Hoop, 66–67, 114, 175, 184

  Sand Creek massacre, 124, 188–90, 193, 196, 206–7, 210–12, 225, 227, 279, 289–90

  Santa Fe Trail, 20–21, 103, 170–71, 184, 206, 359

  Seminoles, 6, 135, 145, 265

  Sheldon, Addison, 370–71

  Sheridan, Philip, 357–58, 360

  Sherman, William Tecumseh, 177, 224, 298

  Indian policy and, 227–30, 283–84

  Red Cloud’s War and, 9–14, 352–53

  treaties and, 283, 356–57

  western inspection tour of, 9–11, 239, 283

  Shoshones, 8, 25, 98–102, 149, 153, 170, 192, 211, 350, 360–61

  Sioux war with, 83–85, 150–51, 175

  Snakes and, 26–27, 77, 256

  treaties and, 19, 22, 26–27, 31, 98, 101, 184–85

  Sibley, Henry, 161

  Sioux, 8, 32–52, 108–38, 157, 162, 180n, 187, 218, 232–34, 249, 283–84, 288, 292, 350–62, 373

  alcohol consumed by, 63, 67, 102, 108, 119–20

  alliance between Cheyenne and, 56–60, 129, 205, 215

  Arikara and, 22, 42–44, 114–19, 361

  Army officer appointments and, 179–80

  Atkinson’s mission and, 61–62

  and attack on Fort Rice, 213–14

  and attacks on Cole’s force, 214–17

  Badlands and, 45–48, 51

  and Battle of Blue Water Creek, 137–38

  and Battle of Crazy Woman Fork, 263, 265–68

  Bear Butte Council, 142–44, 146–48, 155, 165, 171

  Big Bellies of, 233–34, 257, 289, 291, 354

  Black Hills and, 4, 39, 48–51, 55–57, 59, 70, 84, 119, 142, 146, 149, 154–55, 309, 348

  Bozeman Trail and, 236–37

  Bozeman warned by, 181–82

  buffalo and, 24, 36, 38, 40–42, 45–47, 50–51, 57, 59, 66–71, 80, 85, 94, 103, 112, 123, 132, 135–36, 141, 149, 155, 174–75, 182–83, 233, 274, 304, 309

  Bull Bear selected leader of, 87–88

  Carrington’s Overland Circus and, 241–42, 248, 256–59

  casualties of, 132, 137–38, 150, 173, 193–96, 198, 204, 296

  Conquering Bear’s chieftaincy and, 21, 120–21

  Crows and, 50, 56–59, 75–77, 79–80, 82, 86–87, 113–14, 119, 125, 143, 150, 155, 163, 173–75, 195, 215, 233, 280, 361

  decorations of, 55–56

  diet of, 27, 37, 46, 48, 56, 140, 233

  diseases of, 119–20

  escape from Army of, 192–99

  extermination of, 352, 361

  and fight at Bridge Station, 169, 202–5, 209–11, 213

  fighting concepts and tactics of, 7, 14, 155, 211–12

  Fort William and, 70–71

  Grattan affair and, 127–30

  history and heritage of, 35–48, 55, 57, 59

  horses and, 23–25, 42–44, 46, 51–52, 55–57, 59, 62, 64–65, 68–69, 71–74, 79n, 81, 85–86, 88, 94, 108–17, 155

  hunting of, 36, 38–39, 41, 46, 48, 55, 57–59, 64–70, 75, 80, 84–85, 94, 103, 105, 113, 131, 135–36, 141, 149–50, 174–75, 181–82, 209–11, 245, 291, 304

  land controlled and defended by, 5, 11, 48–50, 71, 102, 184–85

  leadership and, 30, 34, 37, 108

  lifestyle of, 94, 175

  migrations of, 24, 41–42, 51, 57, 64–65, 70, 80, 87, 309, 348, 350, 353

  mourning rituals of, 73

  myths and religious beliefs of, 4, 34, 37, 42n, 46, 50, 56, 59, 65–67, 70, 77–78, 83–84, 86, 108, 113, 132–33, 142, 144, 146, 165, 175, 322

  population growth of, 61–62

  and raiding and war parties, 42, 44, 48, 55, 57, 82–89, 112–19, 123–25, 127–28, 130, 132, 134, 143, 164–65, 172–75, 190–91, 195, 197–98, 233–34, 251, 259–61, 274, 283, 291, 295–97, 331

  Red Cloud’s War and, 3, 7, 10–15, 314, 317–21, 324, 329, 331, 333, 347–48, 351–55

  reservations and, 359–60

  Sand Creek massacre and, 190, 196

  shooting Mormon-owned cow by, 125–27

  social organization of, 37, 64–67, 71–72, 85, 109–11

  Story and, 295–97

  treaties and, 3–4, 19, 22–30, 32–34, 62, 111, 113, 118–20, 142, 158–59, 185, 223, 226–27, 230, 234, 242–47, 251, 283, 289, 353, 355–57, 360

  treatment of children by, 67–69

  vengefulness of, 123–25, 127–29

  victory dance of, 73–74

  violence and brutality of, 35–36, 38, 40, 44, 56, 60, 71–73, 76–77, 79–80, 106, 113, 115, 123, 128, 130, 173, 261, 263, 265, 267–68

  war councils of, 15, 196–97, 234

  weapons and ammunition of, 40–42, 46, 51, 59–60, 67, 69, 72, 75–76, 79, 81–83, 89, 115, 117, 121, 127–29, 131, 134, 140, 146, 150–51, 195, 203–5, 213–14, 217, 259–61

  white emigration and, 21–22, 25

  Winter Counts of, 42–44, 51, 56–57, 93, 195

  see also Red Cloud, Chief of the Sioux

  Sioux, The (Hassrick), 47, 108

  Sioux, tribes, subtribes, clans, and bands of:

  Bad Faces, 24–25, 32, 65, 75–76, 79–81, 83, 85–86, 88–89, 93, 103, 109–10, 113–16, 119–22, 127, 130, 132, 140, 150, 154, 163, 173, 175, 192, 195–96, 202–3, 205, 210, 243, 245, 258, 280, 290, 350, 356, 359–60

  Bear People, 105, 112, 121, 184, 196

  Blackfeet, 37n, 42, 120, 142–43, 173, 202, 226

  Brules, 25, 32, 37n, 40–44, 48, 51, 55–57, 60, 63, 83, 108–9, 118, 120–22, 125–28, 130, 134–36, 138, 146, 150, 152, 175, 193, 198, 201–2, 205, 217, 226, 234, 241–43, 289–90, 350, 358

  Cutoffs, 65, 131

&n
bsp; Dakotas, 37, 158–64, 166, 170–73, 178, 208, 213–14, 265

  Hunkpapas, 23, 37n, 42, 62, 118–20, 124, 130, 142–44, 150, 171–73, 210, 212–14, 217, 226, 233, 290, 357–58

  Lakotas, 23, 25, 32–33, 37, 39–44, 47–49, 51–52, 55–60, 65, 67, 69–72, 74, 76–78, 80, 83–84, 88, 93, 102–3, 105–6, 108–9, 111–12, 115, 118–28, 131–32, 134–39, 141–43, 148–51, 153–55, 157–58, 162–63, 165–66, 171, 173–74, 181–82, 184–85, 187, 190–98, 201–3, 205, 210–12, 216–18, 221, 230, 233–34, 237, 241–42, 244, 247–48, 251, 256–61, 263, 265–68, 274, 282–84, 286, 288–91, 295–96, 304, 306, 317–22, 329, 331, 334, 347–48, 350–51, 353, 355–57, 359–62, 370

  Laramie Loafers, 152, 175, 195, 198–99, 209, 290, 358

  Miniconjous, 24, 37n, 42, 56, 118, 120, 122–28, 130, 134, 142–43, 150, 173, 202, 214, 243, 289, 317, 322, 324, 350, 354

  Oglalas, 3–4, 24–25, 32, 37n, 40–48, 51, 55–57, 59–61, 63–64, 66, 75–76, 86–89, 105, 108–9, 111–13, 115, 119–23, 125, 127–28, 130–31, 134–35, 139–40, 142–43, 148–52, 154, 163, 170–71, 173–75, 183–84, 195–96, 201–2, 205, 214–15, 217, 243, 245, 248, 261, 289–90, 324, 350–51, 354, 357–58, 370

  Sans Arcs, 37n, 42, 120, 142–43, 150, 173, 202, 214, 226, 289, 324, 350

  Smoke People, 105, 112, 196

  Strong Hearts, 174–75, 191, 198–99, 202, 291, 303, 308, 314, 321, 329

  Two Kettles, 37n, 42, 120, 142, 226

  Western Sioux, 3, 11, 22, 33, 38–42, 56–58, 60, 62, 64, 67, 89, 94, 102, 111, 120–21, 125, 130, 132, 138, 140–42, 149–50, 155, 157, 163, 233, 359

  Yanktonais, 37, 39, 226

  Yantons, 37, 39, 226

  Sitting Bull, chief of the Sioux, 119, 130, 143, 174, 178, 183, 210, 217, 233, 236, 290, 358, 361–62, 369–70

  and attack on Fort Rice, 213–14

  hunt for, 206–8, 212

  rebellion of, 171, 173

  treaties and, 23–24, 357

  vengefulness and, 124–25

  Smith, Patrick, 283–84

  Spanish, Spain, 38, 42–44, 52–54, 60, 97–98, 100, 164

  Spirit Lake Massacre, 158

  Spotted Tail, chief of the Sioux, 136, 193, 358

  and raiding and war parties, 130, 134, 190

  surrender and imprisonment of, 138, 184–85

  treaties and, 185, 243, 245, 247, 353

  Springfield-Allin conversion rifles, 354–55

  Stansbury, Howard, 101, 119, 152, 219

  Story, Nelson Gile, 294–98

  Stuart, Robert, 96

  Sublette, William, 70, 99–100, 102–3, 105

  Sully, Alfred, 173, 178, 185, 207–8, 213–14

  Sumner, E. V. “Bull Head,” 147

  Sun Dance, 30, 77–78, 125, 143, 210, 258