The Time Traveler's Guide to Medieval England: A Handbook for Visitors to the Fourteenth Century
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Alexander the Great, Life of, 273
Anelida and Arcite, 285
antiphonals, 158, 272
apocalypses, 272
Arabic writing, 276
Arthur and Merlin, 273. See also Arthur, King
Assumption of the Blessed Virgin, 274
Auchinleck manuscript, 273
The Babees Book, 298, 304
Battle Abbey Roll, 273
Bibles, 80, 149, 217, 272. See also
Bible, the Boke of Nurture, 298
Book of the Duchess, 119, 284
Breton lays, 277
Brut, 108, 275–76
Canterbury Tales. See Canterbury Tales; Cleanliness, 280, 282
Confessio Amantis, 278, 288
cookery books, 185
The Deedsof Arthur, 272
Deeds of Fulk Fitzwarin, 273
encyclopaedia, 74
Floris and Blanchflour, 273
Gawain poet, 280–83, 292
graduais, 158, 272
Guy of Warwick, 273
Handling Sin, 277
Hector of Troy, 273
historical, 149, 272–73, 275–76. See also chronicles and chroniclers
History of Normandy, 272
Hours, 272
House of Fame, 284, 288
How the Good Wife Taught Her Daughter, 61–62, 298
In Praise of Women, 273
law, 234
medical, 214
Mirourde I Omme, 278
missals, 158, 272
Orpheus and Euridice, 273
Parliament of Fowls, 284–85
Patience, 280, 282
Pearl, 280, 281, 282, 283
Perceval and Gawain, 272
Piers Plowman, 172–73, 279
poetry 275, 277–88
Polychronicon, 276
prayer, 272
psalters, 158, 301, 304
religious, 273
Richard the Lionheart, Life of, 273
Robin Hood, tales of, 240, 274–75
Roman de la Rose (Romance of the Rose), 273, 277, 280
Romance of Lancelot, 273
romances, 149, 161, 272–73, 276, 280
Sayings of the Four Philosophers, 273
Second Shepherds’ Play, 263
sermons, 272
Seven Sages of Rome, 273 Sir Degari, 273, 277
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, 277, 280, 282–83
Sir Launfal, 277
Sir Orfeo, 273, 277
Sir Tristrem (Tristan and Isolda), 272, 273, 277
Smithfield Decretals, 301
Stans Puer ad Mansam, 298
travel. See Mandeville, John; Polo, Marco
Trésor, 272
Troilus and Criseyde, 263, 285
Trojan War, 272
Vox Clamantis, 278
Winner and Waster, 280. See also individual authors
boots. See shoes
Bordeaux, 71, 136, 139, 179
borough ordinances. See town ordinances
Boston, 11, 71, 138, 140, 149, 260, 302
bowls, 90, 132, 158, 166, 181, 254
bowls (game of), 229, 263
bows, 39, 120, 121, 123, 257, 263, 266. See also archers; crossbows
boys, 8, 38, 52, 58, 67, 69, 159, 161, 162, 164, 182, 183, 203, 262. See also children
Brabant, duke of, 77
Bradburn Gang, 242
braies. See clothes
Brancepeth Castle, 303 brass. See metal
bread, 90, 95, 149, 154, 164, 168, 170, 176, 178, 179, 188, 200, 228–30, 279, 286, 304
Assize of, 170, 178, 230
barley, 170
beans and bran, 172. See also horsebread
breadcrumbs, 171, 181, 183, 188
cocket, 185
horsebread, 170, 233
oatcakes, 164, 170, 172
pain demain, 185
rye, 168, 170, 176, 185, 209, 307
tourt, 170
wastel, 185, 286
white, 169–70, 176, 185, 304. See also bakers; baking Bremen cog, 302
brewers, brewing, 30, 32, 161, 186. See also alewives
bridges, 14, 77–78, 88, 124–25, 128–29, 232, 260
maintenance of, 129. See also London Bridge; pontage; Worcester
Bridgwater, 297
brine. See salt
Brinton, Thomas, 262
Bristol, 11, 202, 218, 252
Brittany, Bretons, 60, 72, 246, 258, 277
Brome, 252
Bromholm Priory, 269
bronze. See metal brooches, 118, 119 brooms, 163
Brothelyngham, Order of, 255
Bruges, 12, 71
Brut. See books
bubonic plague. See diseases
buckets, 13, 24, 163
bullbaiting, 61, 262
Burgh, John de, 234
Burgh on Sands, 132
Burghill, John, 39
Bury, Isabella de, 245
Bury, Richard de, 273
Bury St. Edmunds, 11, 97, 269, 296
bushels, 86
butchers, butchering, 10, 15, 21, 53, 92, 93, 94, 95, 229, 232–33, 252
butlers, 159, 186
butte, 86, 133
butteries, 148
buttons. See clothes
butts. See barrels
bye-laws. See manorial customs; town ordinances
Byzantium, 72, 260. See also Constantinople
cabbage. See vegetables
Cabot, John, 277
Caesarian births, 208
Cairo, 276
Calais, 70, 97, 133, 168, 199, 236, 306
Caldicott Castle, 155
caltrops, 257
Cambridge, 11, 17, 67, 88, 122, 228, 249
Statute of, 22
Cambridge, Henry of, 300
Camoys, Lord, 304
campball. See football
Canary Islands, 82
candle-maker, 161
candles, 23, 99, 132, 141, 146, 153, 156, 159, 161, 162, 164, 165, 200, 244, 274, 304
candlesticks, 149, 150, 152, 159. See also herces
cannibalism, 73
cannon, 120
canonesses, 45, 255
canons (regular), 45, 242, 255
canons (secular), 15, 42, 43
Canterbury, 11, 97, 154, 211, 252, 288
archbishops of, 43, 45, 62, 70, 75, 81, 266. See also St. Thomas
Cathedral, 267–68, 270, 300
Cathedral priory, 201, 248
diocese of, 244, 296
province of, 43
St. Augustine’s Abbey, 296
Canterbury Tales, 64, 82, 266, 285–88, 292, 310
Knight’s Tale, 249
Miller’s Tale, 64, 200, 249, 252, 302
Nun’s Priest’s Tale, 84, 285
Reeve’s Tale, 122, 143, 164, 249, 304
Sea Captain’s Tale, 47, 62, 136, 147, 266
Sergeant-at-law’s Tale, 84
Wife of Bath, 57, 115, 117, 252, 266, 286–87
canvas. See cloth
Cape Finistere, 72
caps. See clothes
cardamom. See spices
cardinals, 44, 253–54
Carlisle, 43, 120
Carmelites, 47
caroling, 251
carpenters, 12, 43, 64, 93, 98–99, 100, 180
carpets. See beds and bedding
carters, 53, 105, 160, 180
Carthusians, 46. 45, See also London
carts, 8, 9, 24–25, 30, 31, 93, 127, 129, 133, 273. See also coaches; wagons
carving, 182, 184
casks. See barrels
castellan, 162
Castile, 41, 71, 83, 136. See also Spain
castles, 7, 14, 16, 18, 20, 26, 34, 65, 84, 143, 154–55, 159–63, 167, 216, 221, 238, 282. See also specific examples
cathedrals, 7, 14, 15, 42, 67, 84, 115. See also specific examples
cats, 93, 105, 168, 212
cattle, 27, 97, 141, 167, 172–73, 227, 229, 238, 285
calves, 172–7
3. See also dairy products; meat
Celtic languages, 75, 81
cesspits. See latrines
chamberlains, 89, 160, 186
chambers. See bedchambers
chancellor, the, 17
Chancery 88
chandeliers, 159, 161
Channel, 70, 110, 139, 258
chapels, 18, 19, 34, 79, 129, 148, 149, 154, 156, 160, 268, 270, 272, 282. See also parish
churches chaplains, 43, 47, 48, 80, 154, 160, 181
charcoal burning, 26
charity. See spiritual devotion
chases. See forests
Chaucer, Geoffrey, 38, 54, 57, 58, 62, 64, 72, 74, 82, 84, 119, 136, 143, 147, 164, 166, 186, 200, 249, 251–52, 263, 266, 268, 277, 280, 284–88, 292, 298, 302, 304, 310. See also Canterbury Tales
Chaucer, John, 284
Chauliac, Guy de, 202, 203
checkerboard, 150
cheese. See dairy products
Chertsey, abbot of, 128, 188
Cheshire, 85, 124, 280 chess, 161, 264–65
Chester, 123–24, 252
Abbey, 269, 276
earl of, 275
Chester, Thomas, 277
chests. See furniture
Chichester Cathedral, 269, 296
chicken. See poultry
childbirth, 38, 208–10
children, 13, 14, 35, 36, 38, 52, 58, 61–62, 67, 68–69, 76, 117, 149, 164, 167–68, 175, 190, 197, 201, 204, 209–10, 231, 243, 293, 306
chimneys, 15, 231, 279
China, Chinese, 72, 73, 276
Christmas, 32, 51, 168, 185, 251, 253–54, 257, 282, 304
chronicles and chroniclers, 108, 111. See dise
Avesbury; Bel; Brut; Froissart; Gray;
Hardyng; Higden; Knighton; Murimuth;
Walsingham
Chrysopolis, bishop of, 44
church houses, 23, 251
churches, 14, 16, 20, 23, 29, 31, 32, 66, 67, 79, 115, 121, 127, 129, 152, 191, 206, 243, 261. See also cathedrals; chapels; sanctuary
churchwardens, 68
churchyards, 251
cider, 175, 180
Cirencester Abbey, 296
Cistercians, 32, 34, 46
citronade, 177
civet, 198
Claroncel, Andre, 248
clasps, 107, 118
clay, 128, 141, 164, 171, 302
cleaners, 160. See also washerwomen
cleaning, 117, 195–200, 290–91
bodies, hands, etc. See baths and bathing; clothes, 58, 159, 199
dishes, 159
streets. See sanitation. See also washerwomen; washtubs
Clement V, 44
Clement VII, 44
clergy, regular and secular, 45, 46–47
clerks, 12, 48, 67, 68, 70–71, 80, 81, 87, 95, 154, 160, 179, 203, 284, 287. See also scriveners; secretaries
climate, 28, 34, 135
cloaks. See clothes
clocks, 83, 84. See also bells; time
close-stools. See furniture
cloth, 15, 86, 93–94, 98, 104, 105, 114, 134, 197, 199
blanket, 105
canvas, 93, 138, 140, 147, 150, 164, 165
card, 158
cloth of Cologne, 300
cloth of gold, 105, 157
cloth of silver, 105
cotton, 162, 300
damask 17, 157
felt, 114, 115
fustian, 300
hair, 271
hemp, 147
homemade, 115, 117
linen, 93, 105, 107, 117, 149, 150, 154, 158, 159, 161, 162, 164, 176, 199, 211, 228, 253–54, 300. See also
tablecloths, linsey-woolsey, 157
muslin, 132
Persian blue, 266
remnants, 151
russet, 105, 117, 266. See also wool, sarsenet, 266
satin, 17
scarlet, 106, 115, 266, 300
sendall, 150, 157
silk 9, 22, 72, 105, 106, 118, 134, 156, 157, 197
taffeta, 266, 300
tartarin, 157, 158
Turkish, 259
velvet, 17, 106, 118, 162, 300. See also pannage; wool
clothes, 79, 93, 102–17, 119–20, 149, 165, 211, 287
aketons, 106, 300
belts, 93, 97, 107, 110, 112, 115, 116, 117, 118, 189
braies, 107, 108, 115, 116, 117, 119
bustles, 112
buttons, 108, 112, 113, 300
caps, 89, 116, 119, 150, 234
cassocks, 108, 116, 266
chemises, 111, 115, 119
circlets, 110, 114
cloaks, 10, 103, 104, 205, 253
clouts, 117
coifs, 114
copes, 112
corsets, 108, 112, 113
cotehardies, 109, 112, 300
cotes, coats, 106, 108, 114, 254, 266
courtepieces, courtepies, 109, 113, 300, 301
dagges, 109
differentiation between sexes, 102, 111
doublets, 108, 109, 114, 117, 300
furs. See furs; garters, 110
girdles, 283. See also belts; gloves, 93, 116
gowns, 104, 109, 112, 114, 254, 266
hair shirts, 271
hanselines, 119
hats, 89, 106, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117
headdresses, 111, 113
hoods, 65, 66, 67, 89, 92, 103–4, 107, 109, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 260, 261, 266
hose, 108, 111, 114, 115, 116
houpelands, 109, 114
jupon, 300
kirtles, 115
mantles, 104, 106, 107, 109, 112, 117, 132, 283
nightwear, 119–20
paltocks, 109, 119
particolored, 108, 116
peliçon, 112
pockets, 118
propriety in, 102, 111, 113–14, 117
religious vestments, 158
riding skirt, 115, 132
robes, 107, 110
shifts, 112
shirts, 107, 117, 119, 198
shoes. See shoes; sideless gowns, 112, 115
smocks, 115, 117
stockings, 115
supertunics, 107, 116
surplices, 158
tabards, 116
tapets, 108–9
trousers, 12
tunics, 102, 107–8, 109, 111–17, 162, 198, 253–54, 259, 266, 301
underwear, 108, 112
veils, 105, 113
wimples, 112, 114, 117
clothes rails, 162
cloves. See spices
Cluniacs, 46, 197
coaches, 134. See also litters
coal, 10, 93, 134
coastal erosion, 28
coats of arms. See arms
cob, 24, 29, 30, 32, 163
cobblers, 93
cobbles, 30
cockfighting, 61, 262, 263
coconut, 149, 151, 303
cofferer, 161
cogs. See ships and boats
coins, 96–97, 118, 206, 264
Colchester, 11, 93, 240, 296
colchicum, 212
Cologne, 71, 266, 267, 300
Cologne, John de, 300
Columbus, Christopher, 73, 276
Colville, Robert, 242, 243
combs, 118, 132, 199–200
common law. See law
commons, 25
compasses, 124, 136
conduits, 22
coneys, 173, 182, 259–60
rabbits, 93, 103, 105, 177, 182, 260, 304
confession, 169, 265–66
consistory courts. See courts
constables, 51, 69, 162, 217, 221, 223
of castles, 242
Constantinople, 72, 256, 276
Controller of the Household, 304
convents. See nunneries
Convocation, 244
cooking, 13, 116, 153, 162, 164, 169–89
apples, 21
blackbird pie, 22
blood pudding, 173
boiling, 169, 171–73
, 181, 188
bread. See bread; charlet, 188
collops, 172, 188
dowcet, 188
fish, 183–85
flans, 169, 188
fritters, 181
frying, 184, 188, 212
hares. See hares; Leche Lombard, 181
meats, 181
mortrews, 181
oatcakes. See bread; outside, 169
pasties, 174, 176
pies, 10, 93, 169, 174, 176, 178, 180, 182, 183
poaching, 183, 188
porray 171
porridge, 171
pottage, 154, 171–73, 178, 181, 185, 188, 211
roasting, 169, 182, 188, 212, 286
stewing, 173, 182
subtleties, 182
umbles, 188. See also baking; meat
cooking utensils, 23, 94–95, 150, 158, 164
bakestones, 164
cauldrons, 164, 166
frying pans, 150, 158
funnels, 150
gallon pots, 151
griddles, 158
gridirons, 164
ladles, 158
pans, 151, 164, 165
pestle and mortar, 164
pint pots, 151
pots, 150, 151, 158, 162, 165, 166, 287
rakes, 158
spits, 150, 152, 162, 164
tripods, 165
cooks, 116, 141, 176, 233
cookshops, 93, 176
Copenhagen, 71
coppicing, 26
cordwainers, 53, 110
corn. See grain
corn prices, 98
Cornish language, 10, 81
Cornwall, 25, 31, 33, 39, 70, 81, 86, 126, 127, 295. See also West Country
coronation, 22
coroners, 68, 220, 221, 224–25, 227–28, 245
Corpus Christi, 252
corruption. See crime
corsets. See clothes
cosmetics, 94, 118
ointments, 94
costers, 158
Coterel Gang, 27, 242–43, 274–75, 309
Coterel, James, 242
cottage(s), 29–30, 31–32, 143, 165, 285
counter, 150
courts, 66, 80, 81, 216, 232, 235–36, 261
appealing in, 221, 224–25, 240
approving in, 223–25, 240
archdeaconry, 70, 244
assizes, 237
Common Pleas, 237, 241, 243
consistory, 70, 243
county, 69, 221, 226
ecclesiastical, 70, 169, 243–45
Exchequer, 237
eyre, 237, 239
gaol delivery, 237, 239
hundred, 69, 217, 222, 225
King s Bench, 237–38, 243
King’s Bench, 241
manorial, 49, 50, 68, 127, 173, 216, 219, 222, 226–28, 308
oyer et terminer, 237, 239, 242
piepowder, 95
royal courts, 19, 220, 221
sheriff s tourn, 12, 222–23
trailbaston, 237, 239, 242
trial by battle, 221–22, 224. See also
Convocation; Parliament
Coventry, 11, 57, 126, 252
prior of, 296
Coventry and Lichfield, diocese of, 296
coverlets, 93, 150
Cowbridge, 308
cows. See cattle
Crabb, John, 136
Crackows (shoes), 110, 114, 117