by John Pilger
gem mines 466
mass graves 401, 405, 407, 411
hospitals in 406, 407, 467, 472
Hun Sen government see Hun Sen
Japan and 471n, 475, 486
minefields in 407, 416, 417, 421, 423–4, 441, 444, 466–71, 478–9, 481, 485
Press coverage of 411, 413, 414, 417, 418, 421–5, 431–2, 436, 441–3, 450–1, 452–5, 461, 465, 488
and Thailand see under Thailand
United Nations and 226, 403, 407, 409, 410, 411, 412–13, 415–16, 418, 419, 426–7, 428, 429, 442, 443, 452, 459–60, 461, 463–6, 468, 471, 475, 477, 481, 482–91, 492, 493–4, 534–5
and the Vietnamese 405, 409, 416, 418, 435–6, 439, 440, 441–3, 444, 449, 451–2, 455, 465, 476, 487–8, 490, 493
volunteer organisations (NGOs) 469 see also Khmer Rouge; Phnom Penh; Pol Pot; Sihanouk, Prince
Cambodia: The Betrayal (TV film) 10, 423–4, 435–8, 440–1 libel case against 444–50
Cambodian People’s Party (CPP) 490
Cambodia Study Group:
Cambodia Report on Collaborative Battles 431
Cambodia Trust 473
Cambodia Year One (film) 439, 443
Cambodia Year Ten (film) 314, 414–15, 418, 443, 469, 472n
Cambodia Year Zero (film) xii, 439, 476
‘Camera 5’ (picture agency) 331
Cameron, James 87, 141–2
Campaign Against the Arms Trade 137
Campaign Against Racism and Fascism 101
Campbell, Colin 447
Canada:
foreign ownership of 537
investment in Indonesia 259
‘rat line’ for Somali war criminals 221
and US pressure in UN 179
Canadian Broadcasting
Corporation (CBC) 221
Canal Zone, the 425
cancer treatment 359, 360–2
Cape Verde Islands 241, 243
capitalism:
and communism 379
and ‘compassion fatigue’ 203
and democracy 74
and destabilisation of Cambodia 473–4
Lamont on the virtues of 209
legitimisation of 194
and unemployment 111
the victims of 65, 92, 195–6
Cardoza, Lina 44
Carey, Peter 241, 321
Carlile, Alex 187
Carlton Television Company 6
Carnegie, Dale: How to Win Friends and Influence People 374
Carney, Timothy 486–7
carpet-bombing 132–3, 141
Carrascalao, Mario 285
Carroll, Eugene J. 303
Carter, Jimmy, US President 200, 300, 409, 503
Castro, Fidel 226, 347, 351, 352
Cavanagh, John 203
CBC see Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
CBI see Confederation of British Industry
censorship 12–13
of the Press 10, 59, 64–8, 153, 171–2, 183, 339, 342–3, 357
of television 8–9, 10, 83–7, 153, 171
and war reporting 125–7, 130–1, 172
Central Television 6, 10, 71, 86, 260, 422
and libel case over Cambodia: The Betrayal 10, 444–50
Chakrapong, Prince 461
Chalfont, Lord 86
Chalker, Baroness 301, 302–3
Chamberlain, Neville 193
Chamorra, Violetta 505
Channel 4 79, 127, 447
South series 71
Charity Commission: censure of Oxfam 458
Charles, Prince of Wales 57
Chartered Industries 411
Chase, Chevy 385
Chatichai Choonhaven 474, 475
Chay Song Heng 403–5
Cheney, Richard 382–3
Chhorn Hay 430, 482–3
Chicago Tribune 347
Chifley, Ben 531
Childers, Erskine 227
Child Poverty Action Group 101
children:
in Britain 24, 28, see also Britain: education in; poverty in
in Cambodia 402, 405
deaths due to World Bank policies 211
in East Timor 284
Iraqi 156, 170, 172, 177, 186
in Palestinian camps 509–10
in the Philippines 201, 202–3, 206
deaths in US 513
Chile 196, 200, 228
China:
American bribes to (over UN Resolution 678) 178, 181
and American PR 295
American support for 426–7
Boxer Rebellion 529
and Cambodia 409, 411, 412, 413, 415–16, 426–7, 429, 443, 463, 464, 469, 471, 474
and destabilisation 449
and East Timor 255
Major’s visit to (1991) 193, 194
and privatisation 194
Chitrali (Bengali weekly) 365, 366
Chomsky, Noam 13, 147, 337–45, 409, 424
on East Timor 246, 321
American Power and the New Mandarins 339
The Backroom Boys 338
The Culture of Terrorism 339–40
The Responsibility of Intellectuals 339
Year 501: The Conquest Continues 88, 90–1
Choun Noothorl, Dr 472
Christian Aid 173, 203
‘Christina’ (Timorese) 285
Churchill, Winston 195, 530, 531, 537
CIA, the:
network in Australia 532, 533
involvement in Cambodia 406, 411–12, 436, 452
growth of 353
and Saddam Hussein 128, 138–9, 162
and Indonesia’s invasion of East Timor 234, 235–6, 246, 251, 256, 297–9
involvement in Iraq 127, 128, 159, 162
and Kennedy’s assassination 347, 349–50, 351, 353
betrayal of the Kurds 163
operations in Nicaragua 199, 504
operations in Panama 66
Claes, Michael 295
Clark, Alan 118
interview with author 306–11
Clark, Manning 531
Clark, Ramsey 141, 144, 170, 183
Clark, Professor Roger 296–7, 312, 318
Clark Commission 170–1, 183
Clarke, Kenneth 111, 114, 119
Clarke, Neil 55
Clarke, Renfrey 198–9
Claxton, Nicholas 412
(with Cherry Farrow) Do They Feel My Shadow? (film) 508–10
Cline, Dr Ray 411–12
Clinton, Bill, US President:
and Bosnia 213
and East Timor 299–300, 316
promises aid for El Salvador 391
and Haitian refugees 227
and US imperialism 16, 92
and war in Somalia 392
use of UN 227–8
and Yeltsin’s ‘reforms’ 113
cluster bombs, use of 142–3, 144, 157
Clwyd, Ann 155, 444
CNN see Cable News Network
coal industry, British 46–56
Labour Party and 111–12
privatisation of 52, 53–5, 115–16, 117–18
wages 47, 52
Cockburn, Patrick 140, 141
Coe, Paul 547
Cohen, Herman 515
Cojuangco, Jose ‘Peping’ 499
Cojuangcos, the 499
Cold War, the 168, 379
Chomsky on 340
media coverage of 9, 65, 88, 91–2, 194
Coles, Margaret 568 n155
Colombia 208
Colvin, David 420–1, 438
Comic Relief 203
Committee, The (TV) 10
communism:
Italian 396
media coverage of 65, 91, 92, 195
successes in Nicaragua 200, 503–4
and US imperialism 88
see also Cold War, the
Community Care Act (1990) 98
Community Health Councils 40, 41, 44, 45
Confederation of British Industry (CBI) 112
and investment in In
donesia 301
Connell, Laurie (‘Last Resort’) 526
Connolly, John, Texas Governor 349
Conrad, Joseph: Heart of Darkness 88, 89
‘consensus’: and democracy 63–4, 99, 108
Conservative Party Conference (1991) 35–6
Consett steel works 50
‘Constancio’ (Timorese) 278–9
Contempt of Court Act (1981) 10, 84
Cook, Robin 41
Coppola, Francis Ford:
Apocalypse Now 89
Cornford, Lillian 42
corporation tax, unpaid 117
Cortona, Italy 396–7
Costa, Christiano 285–6, 569 n111
Costa-Gavras: Missing 353
Coulport, Scotland 58, 59
Coventry Labour Party 103
Covert Action 17
Cox, Steve 262, 321
CPP see Cambodian People’s Party
Craig, Roger 348–9
Crewe, James 55
Criminal Justice Act 84
Croatia, German support for 214–16, 217–18
Crosland, Anthony 120
Crown prerogative 114, 115
Cruz, Francisco Lopez de 256–7
Cruz, Petrona 504
Cuba 181, 182, 226, 413, 504, 517
Cudlipp, Hugh xi, 80, 91, 511
Cummings, John 48, 51, 55
Cunneen, Chris 540
Cunningham, Gary 266–70, 273
Curtin, John 530
Curtis, Mark 300–1, 321
Czechoslovakia: Charter 77
group xiii, 63–4
Daily Express 91, 355
Daily Globe (Manila) 500
Daily Mail 35, 36, 37, 91, 112, 355
Daily Mirror:
attack on the Bishop of Newcastle 29
the author and 41, 335, 358, 435
and Hugh Cudlipp xi, 80
coverage of the Gulf War 130, 142, 152
and Matt Herron 511
and the Labour Party 76–7
and Maxwell’s ownership 77–81
on John Smith at the CBI conference 112
Daily Star 35
Daily Telegraph 35, 125, 152
poll 119
Dalyell, Tam 126
‘Daniel Boone’ (Special Forces group) 411
Day, Ian 53
Deakin, Bishop Hilton 315
Death of a Nation (film) 1, 7, 236, 311, 314, 315, 316, 317, 322
Death on the Rock (TV film) 9, 84, 356, 434
Deer Hunter, The (film) 90
Delane, John 131
Delves, Brigadier Cedric 445
democracy:
British coup against 113–16
Chomsky on 343–4, 345
and ‘consensus’ 63–4, 99, 108
the ‘free market’ and 74, 108, 115–16, 194–6, 228
in Hong Kong 193–4
and the illusion of free expression 63–4, 194
imperial aims and 92, see also imperialism
and mass movements 100–1
and the 1950s ‘new deals’ 99–100
the role of the media in 67, 68, 115
Yeltsin’s coup against 13, 113, 197–200
Denaro, Colonel 130
Denok, P. T. (company) 274
de Normann, Anthony 444–5
Desert Shield (film) 159
Desert Storm (film) 159
de Waal, Alex 223
Dias, Jose Amorin 321
Diem, Ngo Dinh 139
Dili, East Timor 250, 252, 265, 270, 272, 282, 284–5, 289–90
Indonesian invasion (1975) 234, 253, 255, 282–3
Santa Cruz massacre (1991) 236, 260, 262, 263, 272, 290–2, 295, 312, 313, 314–16
Dimbleby, David 154, 160, 184
Dimbleby (Richard) Award, author awarded 435
Disney (Walt) Company:
Disneyworld, Florida 385–8
‘Victory Field’ exhibition 389, 391, 392
Displaced Persons Protection Unit (DPPU) 412
Djilas, Milovan 215
Do They Feel My Shadow? (film) 508–10
‘Domingos’ (Timorese) 279–80
Domm, Robert 278, 321
dos Anjos, Cacildo 280
dos Anjos, Celestino 238–9, 280
dos Anjos, Virgilio 238–9
dos Santos, José Eduardo 226
Dowell, Pat 348
DPPU see Displaced Persons Protection Unit
Draft Convention on Yugoslavia 215
Dubai Arms Fair 156
Dubček, Alexander 396
Dudman, Richard 453
Dulles, Alan 351
Dulles, John Foster 516–17
Dunn, James 233–4, 243, 321
Timor: A People Betrayed 244, 248–9, 250, 265, 268, 269, 284
Durham, County:
‘D’ villages 30
collieries 46–56
Eagleburger, Lawrence 180, 227
Eanes, Antonio, President of Portugal 260
Easington Colliery, Durham 46, 53–4, 55
East, Roger 234, 267, 282–3
Eastern Europe (see also Russia):
the media and 63, 65
East Timor:
animist religion 239, 240
American involvement and policies in 234, 235, 250–1, 252, 254–5, 256, 257, 294–5, 297–301, 318
atrocities and genocide in 6, 12, 233–5, 249, 253–4, 262, 264, 272, 276, 278–81, 285–6, 287–8, 294–6, 298–9, 317–18, 338; see also Dili massacres; murder of journalists (below)
Australian policy and 12, 234, 235, 236–9, 243–5, 247–9, 251–2, 257–8, 260–2, 264, 265, 267, 268–70, 283, 288–9, 311–17, 535
the author’s visit and film (Death of a Nation) 260–1, 262–3, 271–93, 314–16, 322
and British arms sales to Indonesia 258–9, 301–4, 306–11, 319
British policy and 250, 255, 269, 296, 301, 304–6, 319–20
Chinese population decimated 253
civil war (1975) 249–50, 264, 266
Dili massacre (Santa Cruz cemetery, 1991) 236, 260, 262, 263, 264, 272, 290–2, 295, 296, 312, 313, 314–16, 535
employment in 274, 275
and ‘family planning programmes’ 284–5
famine in 262, 274
and Fretilin 239, 242–3, 249–52, 265, 266, 267, 273, 274, 276, 277, 279, 288–9
independence movement 241–2, 249; see also Fretilin (above)
Indonesian invasion and occupation of 233–6, 238–9, 241, 242–3, 247, 249, 250, 251–2, 262, 266, 271–86, 297–8
Javanese in 274, 275, 284
languages 239, 241, 242, 275, 320
media ban in 234–7, 262, 263, 264, 297
murder of journalists in 234, 249, 264, 265–70, 273, 282–3
Pope John Paul II’s visit to (1989) 270, 272, 290
Portuguese administration and 240, 241, 247, 249, 250, 252, 256–7, 258, 259–60, 276, 277, 282, 318–20
resistance movement 236, 242n, 265, 273, 278–80, 304, 316, 320–2, see also Fretilin (above)
‘resettlement centres’ (camps) 274–5, 277, 285
Roman Catholic Church 234, 235, 239, 240–1, 273, 280–1, 290, 315
in the Second World War 237–8, 243, 283–4
and tourism 263, 286
United Nations and 241, 249, 255–7, 258, 259, 267, 281, 295–6, 298, 299, 322
East Timor: Building for the Future 296–7
EC see European Community
Economic Impact of the Gulf Crisis on Third World Countries 173, 174
Economist, The 474
Ecuador, US coercion of 182
Edelman, Maurice: The Mirror: a political history 77
education, British:
and coup against democracy 114
failure of 27, 28
Labour Party and 98, 108
and teachers’ salaries 60
Thatcher’s secret policy and 31
Egypt:
effect of Gulf War on 174
US bribes t
o 175, 178, 179
Eiland, Colonel Michael 411, 413, 439–40
Eliot, T. S. 100
Elizabeth II, Queen 170, 524
El Salvador:
the author in 364–5
FMLN prosthetics programme 481
US intervention in 73, 391
EPLF (Etritrean movement) 517–18
EPRDF see Ethiopia
Erb, Richard 211
Eritrea:
drought in 176
independence of 323, 515–19
estates, British council 27, 29, 30
Etcheson, Craig 489, 492–3
Ethiopia:
drought in 221
EPRDF victory in 515–16, 518–19
effect of Gulf War on 173
and the independence of Eritrea 516–19
and US bribe for Security Council vote 181
euphemisms and jargon 73–4, 113, 119, 149, 225, 227, 228, 341, 353
in United Nations 426, 427, 428
European Commission on Human Rights: and Britain 68
European Community, the (EC):
the Balkans and 215–16, 217, 218
and Durham 53
and Greece 359
the illusion of 196
and Indonesia 305
Turkey’s application to join 179
and US 340
Evans, Dave 479, 480–1
Evans, Gareth:
abuses the author and his film, Death of a Nation 314–15
and Australian support for Suharto regime 234, 236, 311, 312, 313, 317, 535
Shirley Shackleton’s meeting with 265
and the UN ‘peace plan’ for Cambodia 427, 428, 463–4, 484, 493, 534–5, 569 n172
Evans, Grant 439
Evatt, Herbert Vere 427, 531
Evening Standard 37, 354, 450
Exxon Valdez tanker 167
Fairhall, David 59
Fakhruddin, A. U. M. 365–6
Falk, Richard 147
Falklands War, the:
media coverage of 9, 77, 126, 134
tenth anniversary of 188
Falone, Tom 384
Falt, Eric 484
Far Eastern Economic Review 295, 442–3
Farrow, Cherry see Claxton, Nicholas
fascism (in Britain) 35, 38
Fathers, Michael 454
Ferranti Co. 176
Ferrers, Earl 83, 85
Ferrie, David 349, 350
Fields, Terry 110
film industry see Hollywood
First Tuesday (Yorkshire TV) 85
Fisk, Robert 126
Fleming, Rhonda 334
Flewers, Paul 194
Florida, USA 381, 382, 384
Disneyworld 385–8
Foot, Paul 76, 184
Ford, Gerald, US President: and East Timor 251, 252, 254, 298, 338
Ford, Henry 100
Ford, Sir John Archibald 250
Ford Motors 116
Foreign Agents Registration Act (USA) 295
Foreign Aid Bill (USA) 299, 300
Foreign Office, British: and Cambodia 415, 419–20, 438, 445, 446, 455, 456, 463, 473
France:
arms sales to Indonesia 258
and Cambodia 459, 463