Oil (filmed as There Will Be Blood)

by Upton Sinclair

  CHAPTER IV

  THE RANCH

  1

  Soon after this it was time for Bunny to visit his mother. Bunny's mother did not bear Dad's name, as other boys' mothers do; she was called Mrs. Lang, and lived in a bungalow on the outskirts of Angel City. There was an arrangement whereby she had a right to have Bunny with her one week in every six months; Bunny always knew when this time was approaching, and looked forward to it with mixed emotions. His mother was sweet, and gave him the petting which he missed at other times; "pretty little Mamma," was her name for herself. But in other ways the visit was embarrassing, because there were matters supposed to be kept hidden from Bunny, but which he could not help guessing. Mamma would question him about Dad's affairs, and Bunny knew that Dad did not wish his affairs talked about. Then too, Mamma complained that she never had enough money; Dad allowed her only two hundred dollars a month, and how could a young and charming grass-widow exist on such a sum? Her garage bill was always unpaid, and she would tell Bunny about it, and expect him to tell Dad—but Dad would evade hearing. And next time, Mamma would cry, and say that Jim was a tyrant and a miser. The situation was especially difficult just now, because Mamma had read about the new well in the papers, and knew just how much money Dad had; she unfolded to Bunny a plan, that he should try to persuade Dad to increase her allowance, but without having Dad suspect that she had suggested it. And this, right after Bunny had renounced the luxury of small lies! Also there was the mystery about Mamma's friends. There were always gentlemen friends who came to see her while Bunny was there, and who might or might not be agreeable to Bunny. When he came home, Aunt Emma would ask him questions, from which it was evident that she wanted to know about these gentlemen friends, but didn't want Bunny to know that she wanted to know. Bunny noticed that Dad never referred to such matters; he never asked any questions about Mamma, and Aunt Emma always did her asking out of Dad's presence. All this had a peculiar effect upon Bunny. Just as Dad kept a safe-deposit box at the bank, into which nobody ever looked but himself, so Bunny kept a secret place in his own mind. Outwardly, he was a cheerful and frank little fellow, if somewhat too mature for his years; but all the time he was leading a dual life—picking up ideas here and there, and carrying them off and hiding them, as a squirrel does nuts, so that he may come back at a later season and crack them open and nibble them. Some nuts were good and some were bad, and Bunny learned to judge them, and to throw away the bad ones. One thing was plain: there was something which men and women did, which they were all in a conspiracy to keep you from knowing that they did. It was a dark corner of life, mysterious and rather hateful. In the beginning, Bunny was loyal to his father, not trying to find out what his father didn't want him to know. But this could not continue indefinitely, for the mind automatically seeks understanding. It was not merely that the birds and the chickens and the dogs in the street gave you hints; it was not merely that every street-boy knew, and was eager to explain; it was that the stupid grown-ups themselves persisted in saying things which you couldn't help getting. It was Aunt Emma's fixed conviction that every lady was after Dad; "setting her cap at him," or "making sheep's eyes at him"—she had many such phrases. And Dad always showed a queer embarrassment whenever he had been the least bit polite to any lady; he seemed to be concerned lest Bunny should share Aunt Emma's suspicions. But the truth was, Bunny was irritated by his aunt, and learned to evade her questions, and not tell what Dad had said to the nice lady in the hotel at Lobos River, and whether or not the lady had had dinner with them. These worldly arts Bunny acquired, but all the time he was in secret revolt. Why couldn't people talk plainly? Why did they have to be pretending, and whispering, and making you uncomfortable?

  II

  Within a week after bringing in Ross-Bankside No. 1, Dad had a new derrick under way on the lease, and in another week he had it rigged up, and the old string of tools was on its way into the earth again. Also he had two new derricks under way, and two new strings in process of delivery. There would be four wells, standing on the four corners of a diamond-shaped figure, three hundred feet on the side. It was necessary to call house-movers, and take the Bankside homestead to another lot; but that didn't trouble Mr. Bankside, who had already moved himself to an ocean-front palace near Dad, and bought himself a whole outfit of furniture, and a big new limousine, also a "sport-car," in which to drive himself to the country club to play golf every afternoon. The Bankside family was accustoming itself to the presence of a butler, and Mrs. Bankside had been proposed at the most exclusive of the ladies' clubs. Efficiency was the watch-word out here in the West, and when you decided to change your social status, you put the job right through. Dad and Bunny made another trip to Lobos River, and not without some difficulty they conquered the "jinx" in Number Two, and brought in a very good well. There were to be two more derricks here, and more tools to be bought and delivered. That was the way in the oil business, as fast as you got any money, you put it back into new drilling—and, of course, new responsibilities. You were driven to this by the forces inherent in the game. You were racing with other people, who were always threatening to get your oil. As soon as you had one well, you had to have "offset wells" to protect it from the people on every side who would otherwise get your oil. Also, you might have trouble in marketing your oil, and would begin to think, how nice to have your own refinery, and be entirely independent. But independence had its price, for then you would have to provide enough oil to keep the refinery going, and you would want a chain of filling-stations to get rid of your products. It was a hard game for the little fellow; and no matter how big you got, there was always somebody bigger! But Dad had no kick just now; everything was a-comin' his way a-whoopin'. Right in the midst of his other triumphs it had occurred to him to take one of his old Antelope wells and go a little lower, and see what he found; he tried it—and lo and behold, at eight hundred feet farther down the darn thing went and blew its head off. They were in a new layer of oil-sands; and every one of these sixteen old wells, that had been on the pump for a couple of years, and were about played out, were ready to present Dad with a new fortune, at a cost of only a few thousand dollars each! But right away came a new problem; there was no pipe-line to this field, and there ought to be one. Dad wanted some of the other operators to go in with him, and he was going up there and make a deal. Then Bunny came to him, looking very serious. "Dad, have you forgotten, it's close to the fifteenth of November." "What about it, son?" "You promised we were going quail-shooting this year." "By gosh, that's so! But I'm frightfully rushed just now, son." "You're working too hard, Dad; Aunt Emma says you're putting a strain on your kidneys, the doctor has told you so." "Does he recommend a quail diet?" Bunny knew by Dad's grin that he was going to make some concession. "Let's take our camping things," the boy pleaded, "and when you get through at Antelope, let's come home by the San Elido valley." "The San Elido! But son, that's fifty miles out of our way!" "They say there's no end of quail there, Dad." "Yes, but we can get quail a lot nearer home." "I know, Dad; but I've never been there, and I want to see it." "But what made you hit on that place?" Bunny was embarrassed, because he knew Dad was going to think he was "queer." Nevertheless, he persisted. "That's where the Watkins family live." "Watkins family—who are they?" "Don't you remember that boy, Paul, that I met one night when you were talking about the lease?" "Gosh, son! You still a-frettin' about that boy?" "I met Mrs. Groarty on the street yesterday, and she told me about the family; they're in dreadful trouble, they're going to lose their ranch to the bank because they can't meet the interest on the mortgage, and Mrs. Groarty says she can't think what they'll do. You know Mrs. Groarty didn't get any money herself—at least, she spent her bonus money for units, and she isn't getting anything out of them, and has to live on what her husband gets as a night watchman." "What you want to do about it?" "I want you to buy that mortgage, Dad; or anything, so the Watkinses can stay in their home. It's wicked that people should be turned out like that, when they're doing th
e best they can." "There's plenty o' people bein' turned out when they don't meet their obligations, son." "But when it's not their fault, Dad?" "It would take a lot of bookkeeping to figger just whose fault it is; and the banks don't keep books that way." Then seeing the protest in Bunny's face, "You'll find, son there's a lot o' harsh things in the world, that ain't in your power to change. You'll just have to make up your mind to that, sooner or later." "But Dad, there's four children there, and three of them are girls, and where are they to go? Paul is away, and they haven't any way to let him know what's happened. Mrs. Groarty showed me a picture of them, Dad; they're good, kind people, you can see they've never done anything but work hard. Honest, Dad, I couldn't be happy if I didn't help them. You said you'd buy me a car some day, and I'd rather you took the money and bought that mortgage. It's less than a couple of thousand dollars, and that's nothing to you." "I know, son; but then you'll get them on your hands—" "No, they're not like that, they're proud; Mrs. Groarty says they wouldn't take money from you, any more than Paul would. But if you bought the mortgage from the bank, they couldn't help that. Or you might buy the ranch, Dad, and rent it back to them. Paul says there's oil on that ranch—at least his Uncle Eby had seen it on top of the ground." "There's thousands of ranches just like that in California, son. Oil on top of the ground don't mean anything special." "Well, Dad, you've always said you wanted to try some wildcatting; and you know, that's the only way you'll ever get what you talk about—a whole big tract that belongs to you, with no royalties to pay, and nobody to butt in. So let's take a chance on Paradise, and drive through there and camp out a few days and get some quail, and we'll see what we think of it, and we'll help those poor people, and give your kidneys a rest at the same time." So Dad said all right; and he went away thinking to himself: "Gosh! Funny kid!"

  III

  The San Elido valley lay on the edge of the desert, and you crossed a corner of the desert to get to it; a bare wilderness of sun-baked sand and rock, with nothing but grey, dusty desert plants. You sped along upon a fine paved road, but the land was haunted by the souls of old-time pioneers who had crossed it in covered wagons or with pack-mules, and had left their bones beside many a trail. Even now, you had to be careful when you went off into side-trails across these wastes; every now and then a car would get stuck with an empty radiator, and the people would be lucky to get out alive. You could get water if you sunk a deep well; and so there were fruit ranches and fields of alfalfa here and there. There came long stretches where the ground was white, like salt; that was alkali, Dad said, and it made this country a regular boob-trap. The stranger from the East would come in and inspect a nice fruit ranch, and would think he was making a good bargain to get the land next door for a hundred dollars an acre; he would set out his fruit-trees and patiently water them, and they wouldn't grow; nothing would grow but a little alfalfa, and maybe there was too much alkali for that. The would-be rancher would have to pull up the trees, and obliterate the traces of them, and set a real-estater to hunting for another boob. Strapped to the running board of Dad's car, on the right hand side where Bunny sat, was a big bundle wrapped in a water-proof cover; they were camping out—which meant that the mind of a boy was back amid racial memories, the perils and excitements of ten thousand years ago. Tightly clutched in Bunny's two hands were a couple of repeating shot-guns; he held these for hours, partly because he liked the feel of them, and partly because they had to be carried in the open—if you shut them up in the compartment they would be "concealed weapons," and that was against the law. Near the head of the valley a dirt road went off, and a sign said: "Paradise, eight miles." They wound up a little pass, with mountains that seemed to be tumbled heaps of rock, of every size and color. There were fruit ranches, the trees now bare of leaves, with trunks calcimined white, and young trees with wire netting about them, to keep away the rabbits. The first rains of the season had fallen, and new grass was showing—the California spring, which begins in the fall. The pass broadened out; there were ranch-houses scattered here and there, and the village of Paradise—one street, with a few scattered stores, sheltered under eucalyptus trees that made long shadows in the late afternoon light. Dad drew up at the filling station, which was also a feed-store. "Can you tell me where is the Watkins ranch?" "There's two Watkinses," said the man. "There's old Abel Watkins—" "That's the one!" exclaimed Bunny. "He's got a goat-ranch, over by the slide. It ain't so easy to find. Was you plannin' to get there tonight?" "We shan't worry if we get lost," said Dad; "we got a campin' outfit." So the man gave them complicated directions. You took the lane back of the school house, and you made several jogs, and then there were about sixteen forks, and you must get the right one, and you followed the slide that took the water down to Roseville, and it was the fourth arroyo after you had passed old man Tucker's sheep-ranch, with the little house up under the pepper trees. And so they started and followed a winding road that had apparently been laid out by sheep, and the sun set behind the dark hills, and the clouds turned pink, and they dodged rocks that were too high for the clearance of the car, and crawled down into little gullies, and up again with a constant shifting of gears. There was no need to ask about the quail, for the hills echoed with the melodious double call of the flocks gathering for the night. Presently they came to the "slide," which was a wooden runway carrying water—with many leaks, so that bright green grass was spread in every direction, and made food for a big flock of sheep, which paid no attention to the car, nor to all the tooting— the silly fools, they just would get under your wheels! And then came a man riding horseback; a big brown handsome fellow, with a fancy-colored handkerchief about his neck, and a wide-brimmed hat with a leather strap. He was bringing in a herd of cattle, and as he rode, his saddle and his stirrup-straps went "Squnch, squnch," which was a sort of thrilling sound to a boy, especially there in the evening quiet. Dad stopped, and the man stopped, and Dad said, "Good evening," and the man answered, "Evenin'." He had a pleasant, open face, and told them the way; they couldn't miss the arroyo, because it was the only one that had water, and they would see the buildings as soon as they had got a little way up. And as they went on Bunny said, "Gee, Dad, but I wish we could live here; I'd like to ride a horse like that." He knew this would fetch Dad, because the man looked just the way Dad thought a man ought to look, big and sturdy, colored brown and red like an Injun. Yes, it wouldn't take much to persuade Dad to buy the Watkins ranch for his son! Well, they went wabbling on down the sheep-trail, counting the arroyos, whose walls loomed high in the twilight, crowned with fantastic piles of rocks. The lights of the car were on, and swung this way and that, picking out the road; until at last there was an arroyo with water—you knew it by the bright green grass—and they turned in, and followed a still more bumpy lane, and there ahead were some buildings, with one light shining in a window. It was the ranch where Paul Watkins had been born and raised; and something in Bunny stirred with a quite inexplicable thrill—as if he were approaching the birth-place of Abraham Lincoln, or some person of that great sort! Suddenly Dad spoke. "Listen, son," he said. "There might be oil here—there's always one chance in a million, so don't you say nothin' about it. You can tell them you met Paul if you want to, but don't say that he mentioned no oil, and don't you mention none. Let me do all the talkin' about business." It was a "California house," that is, it was made of boards a foot wide, running vertically, with little strips of "batting" to cover the cracks. It had no porch, whether front or back, nothing but one flat stone for a step. The paint, if there had ever been any, was so badly faded that you saw no trace of it by the lights of the car. On the other side of the lane, and farther up the little valley, loomed a group of sheds, with a big pen made of boards, patched here and there with poles cut from eucalyptus trees. From this place came the stirring and murmuring of a great number of animals crowded together. The family stood in the yard, lined up to stare at the unaccustomed spectacle of an automobile entering their premises. There was a man, lean and stooped, and a b
oy, somewhat shorter, but already stooped; both of them clad in faded blue shirts without collar, and denim trousers, very much patched, held up by suspenders. There were three girls, in a descending row, in nondescript calico dresses; and in the doorway a woman, a little wraith of a woman, sallow and worn. All six of them stood motionless and silent, while the car came into the yard, and stopped, and the engine fell to a soft purring. "Good evening," said Dad. "Howdy, brother," said the man. "Is this the Watkins place!" "Yes, brother." It was a feeble, uncertain voice, but it thrilled Bunny to the depths, for he knew that this voice was accustomed to "babble" and "talk in tongues." Suppose the family were to "let go," and start their "jumping" and "rolling" while Bunny was there! "We're huntin'," Dad explained, "and we was told this would be a good place to camp. You got good water?" "None better. Make yourself to home, brother." "Well, we'll go up the lane just a bit, somewheres out of the way. You got a big tree that'll give us shade?" "Eli, you show 'em the oak-tree, and help 'em git fixed." And again Bunny was thrilled; for this was Eli, that had been blessed of the Holy Spirit, and had the "shivers," and had healed old Mrs. Bugner, that had complications, by the laying on of hands. Bunny remembered every detail about this family, the most extraordinary he had ever come upon outside of a story-book.