War of Nerves

by Jonathan Tucker

  DF Difluor (methylphosphonic difluoride)

  DFP Diisopropyl fluorophosphate

  DMHP Dimethyl hydrogen phosphite

  DMMP Dimethyl methylphosphonate

  DPC Defense Planning Committee (NATO)

  DSB Defense Science Board

  EFI Early U.S. Army code name for Ethylsarin

  EMPTA VX precursor chemical

  EUCOM European Command (U.S.)

  FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation

  FIAT Field Information Agency, Technical

  FRG Federal Republic of Germany

  FROG Free Rocket over Ground (Soviet)

  FSB Federal Security Service (Russia)

  FY Fiscal year

  G-2 U.S. Army Intelligence

  GA U.S. Army code name for Tabun

  GB U.S. Army code name for Sarin

  GD U.S. Army code name for Soman

  GE U.S. Army code for Ethylsarin

  GF U.S. Army code for Cyclosarin

  GH U.S. Army code for Isopentylsarin

  GITOS State Institute for Technology of Organic Synthesis (Shikhany, Russia)

  GosNIIOKhT State Scientific Research Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology (Moscow, Russia)

  HAZMAT Hazardous materials

  HF Hydrogen fluoride

  ICI Imperial Chemical Industries (U.K.)

  IDF Israel Defense Forces

  IG Interessengemeinschaft (German conglomerate)

  IIBR Israel Institute for Biological Research

  IVA Intermediate-volatility agent

  JCS Joint Chiefs of Staff

  JIOA Joint Intelligence Objectives Agency

  Le-100 Early German code name for Tabun (Le = Leverkusen)

  M20 Canister containing DF for Sarin binary projectile

  M21 Canister containing OPA for Sarin binary projectile

  MCE Early U.S. Army code name for Tabun

  MFI Early U.S. Army code name for Sarin

  MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  MLRS Multiple-launch rocket system

  MOPP Mission-Oriented Protective Posture

  MOU Memorandum of Understanding

  MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging

  NAC North Atlantic Council (policy-making body of NATO)

  NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization

  NBC National Broadcasting Company, Nuclear Biological Chemical

  NDRC National Defense Research Committee

  NEPA National Environmental Policy Act

  NIE National Intelligence Estimate

  NII-42 Scientific Research Institute No. 42

  NORAD North American Air Defense Command

  NPT [Nuclear] Non-Proliferation Treaty

  NSA National Security Agency

  NSC National Security Council

  OPA Binary component (alcohol, stabilizer, catalyst) for M687 artillery shell

  OPCW Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons

  PAM Pyridine aldoxime methiodide

  PB Pyridostigmine bromide

  PSI Proliferation Security Initiative

  QL Immediate precursor of VX

  R-33 Soviet version of VX

  R-35 Soviet code name for Sarin

  R-55 Soviet code name for Soman

  RAF Royal Air Force

  R&D Research and development

  SBCCOM Soldier and Biological Chemical Command (U.S. Army)

  SEPP State Enterprise for Pesticide Production (Iraq)

  SHAD Shipboard Hazard and Defense

  SHAEF Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force

  Site A Dichlor plant at Muscle Shoals, Alabama

  Site B Sarin plant at Rocky Mountain Arsenal, Colorado

  SSO Special Security Organization (Iraq)

  SW Code name of intermediate in VX production

  TAB Antidote consisting of TMB4, atropine, and benactyzine

  T-Force Technical Intelligence Unit (U.S. Army)

  Trilon-83 German code name for Tabun

  Trilon-46 German code name for Sarin

  TS Technical Secretariat (of OPCW)

  TTCP Tripartite Technical Cooperation Program

  TVA Tennessee Valley Authority

  U.N. United Nations

  UNMOVIC United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission

  UNSCOM United Nations Special Commission on Iraq

  USIB United States Intelligence Board

  V-1 Vergeltungswaffe 1 (German buzz bomb)

  V-2 Vergeltungswaffe 2 (German ballistic missile)

  WMD Weapons of mass destruction

  WO War Office (U.K.)

  BIBLIOGRAPHY

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  ARCHIVAL SOURCES

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  AUTHOR INTERVIEWS

  Serguei Batsanov (former Soviet CWC negotiator), The Hague, Netherlands, August 21, 2003.

  Don Clagett (director of industry verification, OPCW), The Hague, Netherlands, August 20, 2003.

  Garrett Cochran (former CIA chemical weapons analyst), Washington, D.C., October 17, 2003.