Hitlerland
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184 “Tom, a huge man” and rest of Dodd’s account of Wolfe: Martha Dodd, 90–95.
184 “I feel myself”: Berg, 271.
184 “Part of Tom’s”: Martha Dodd, 91.
185 “like a butterfly”: Brysac, 179.
185 “disturbing things”: Berg, 270.
185 “If there were”: Aldo P. Magi and Richard Walser, eds., Thomas Wolfe Interviewed, 1929–1938, 67.
185 “a much soberer person”: Martha Dodd, 94.
185 I Have a Thing to Tell You excerpts: C. Hugh Holman, ed., The Short Novels of Thomas Wolfe.
187 “I came away”: Magi and Walser, eds., 88.
CHAPTER EIGHT: “A MAD HATTER’S LUNCHEON PARTY”
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188 “the season of” and other quotes: Thomas Wolfe, You Can’t Go Home Again, 484–486.
188 “Jews, Frenchmen”: David Clay Large, Nazi Games: The Olympics of 1936, 43.
188 “plot of Freemasons and Jews”: Ibid., 49.
189 “a disgrace and”: Ibid., 58.
189 “For us National Socialists”: Ibid, 61.
189 Theodor Lewald background: Susan D. Bachrach, The Nazi Olympics: Berlin 1936, 13.
189 “enormous propaganda” and rest of Lewald pitch: Large, 63.
189 “My personal”: Bachrach, 45–47.
189 “competitors of all”: Large, 71.
190 “no discrimination” and other details of Brundage visit: Ibid., 79.
190 “the token Negro” and rest of Sherrill account: Ibid., 84–85.
190 “flagrant discrimination” and rest of Dodd’s account: Ibid., 97.
191 “this will be” and rest of Messersmith, Geist accounts: Ibid., 94–96.
191 “A consummate”: Ibid., 98.
191 The daily spectacle: Wolfe, 485.
192 “At last he came”: Ibid., 486.
192 “Berlin is now”: Large, 187.
192 “Everything was free”: Rudi Josten interviewed by Peter Gehrig, Dec. 4, 2004, and Mar. 23, 2005, Oral History Collection, Associated Press Corporate Archives.
192 The Nazis even allowed: Large, 186.
192 “A glittering swirl”: Fromm, 226.
192 “I’m afraid the Nazis”: Shirer, Berlin Diary, 65.
192 Carla de Vries: Large, 225.
192 Swimmer Eleanor Holm Jarrett: Ibid., 180.
193 “an orgasmic” and “It was unfair”: Fromm, 225.
193 “a war whoop” and “Hitler twisted”: Martha Dodd, 212.
193 “Negroes should not”: Bachrach, 96.
193 Cheers went up and invitations to black athletes: Ibid., 95.
193 “Jesse Owens ran”: Oliver Lubrich, ed., Travels in the Reich, 1933–1945: Foreign Authors Report from Germany, 138.
194 “Owens was a quiet”: Helms, A Look over My Shoulder, 26.
194 “I have been treated” and rest of DuBois account: Lubrich, ed., 142–143.
195 “Wearing gray flannel”: Fromm, 225–226.
195 “When Huber presented” and rest of Morris story: Leni Riefenstahl, Leni Riefen-stahl: A Memoir, 196–198.
196 “his sad fate”: Ibid., 200.
196 At an official function and Hitler-Smith exchange: Robert Hessen, ed., Berlin Alert, 47.
196 “Berlin was so familiar” and other Katharine Smith quotes throughout: Katharine Alling Hollister Smith, “My Life: Berlin August 1935–April 1939,” Truman Smith Papers, boxes 4 and 16, Hoover.
197 “Your past relationship”: Hessen, ed., 27.
199 Kätchen, who was: Kätchen Coley interviewed by author (2010).
199 “of air corps”: Hessen, ed., 78.
199 “their wits alone”: Ibid., 83.
199 “How fast can you”: Katharine Smith’s unpublished memoir.
200 Two months later and origins of proposal to Lindbergh: Hessen, ed., 87–88.
200 “I need hardly tell you”: Ibid., 89.
200 “extremely interested”: Ibid., 91.
201 “Colonel Smith is” and other diary quotes: Anne Morrow Lindbergh, The Flower and the Nettle: Diaries and Letters of Anne Morrow Lindbergh, 1936–1939, 72–76.
202 “We, who are in aviation”: Hessen, ed., 95.
202 “But no more speeches”: Katharine Smith’s unpublished memoir.
202 “Goering showed many facets”: Hessen, ed., 101.
202 “blazoned in”: Anne Morrow Lindbergh, 85.
203 “I find that to laugh” and description of lion encounter: Katharine Smith’s unpublished manuscript, except where Anne is quoted.
203 “I see and say nothing”: Anne Morrow Lindbergh, 86.
203 When Goering’s lion: Kätchen Coley interviewed by author (2010).
204 “Smith, there are”: Hessen, ed., 102.
204 At Rostock: Ibid., 96–97.
204 “we have nothing” and “a spirit”: A. Scott Berg, Lindbergh, 357.
204 “obtain technical parity”: Truman Smith, “An American Estimate of the German Air Force” (Nov. 1, 1937), Airpower Historian, April 1963, in Truman Smith Papers, box 9, Hoover.
205 “German aviation” and “the best promotion”: Fromm, 224.
205 “How well and how”: Albert C. Wedemeyer Papers, box 61, folder 19, Hoover.
205 “I have had” and rest of August 5 letter: Anne Morrow Lindbergh, 87.
206 “While I still have”: Berg, 361.
206 “he is undoubtedly”: Ibid.
206 The event that would cement and Truman Smith’s description, along with Wilson’s letter to Lindbergh: Hessen, ed., 132–133.
207 “a victory by”: Berg, 382.
207 “Hitler’s realistic” and misjudgments about military disaffection: Truman Smith, “Party and Army: Germany–November 1937,” Truman Smith Papers, box 2, Hoover.
207 “I was astonished”: Original manuscript of Smith’s The Facts of Life, 104, Truman Smith Papers, box 2, Hoover.
208 “I could feel”: Hanfstaengl, Hitler, 129.
208 “No!” and other quotes from Hanfstaengl: interviewed by Toland, Library of Congress.
208 “It would be reasonable”: Hanfstaengl, 170.
208 “one of my most bitter”: Wiegand memo, Karl von Wiegand Papers, box 30, Hoover.
209 “probably likes to”: Ibid., box 14, Hoover.
209 “an immense, high-strung”: Shirer, Berlin Diary, 17.
209 “I wonder why” and rest of Hanfstaengl-Fromm exchange: Fromm, 163.
210 “no discourtesy of any kind” and rest of this description of Hanfstaengl arrival controversy: “Reunion: Hanfstaengl’s Arrival Greeted by 3,000 Students,” Newsweek, June 23, 1934.
210 Benjamin Halpern letter and Crimson editorial: Conradi, Hitler’s Piano Player, 145.
210 “There you are”: Hanfstaengl, 223.
211 “I see America”: Ibid., 222.
211 “It was really like”: Ibid., 250.
211 “the demon”: Ibid., 213.
211 “Putz hastily”: Katharine Smith’s unpublished memoir.
212 “to play that”: Hanfstaengl, 265.
212 “Yes, he was extraordinary” and rest of Helen’s account: Niemeyer tape, Toland Collection, Library of Congress.
213 Putzi began smuggling and claims about helping others: Hanfstaengl, 274.
213 According to Putzi’s and subsequent events of purported plot against him: Ibid., 276–284.
214 “a harmless joke”: Conradi, 209.
214 “an elaborate hoax”: David George Marwell, “Unwonted Exile: A Biography of Ernst ‘Putzi’ Hanfstaengl,” Ph.D. dissertation, 13; and Marwell interviewed by author (2011).
214 Back in Berlin and rest of Lochner’s account of tracking down Hanfstaengl: Lochner, Always the Unexpected, 184–186.
215 “I certainly would not”: Dodd and Dodd, eds., Ambassador Dodd’s Diary, 119.
215 “What in the world is the use”: Dallek, Democrat and Diplomat, 271.
216 “telegram deficiency”: Ibid., 272–273.
216 “a h
istorian of” and other Smith quotes: Hessen, ed., 79.
216 “I have seldom”: Katharine Smith’s unpublished memoir.
217 “four years’ service”: Dallek, 295.
217 “In Berlin once more”: Dodd and Dodd, eds., Ambassador Dodd’s Diary, 430.
217 “There were and are still”: Ibid., 445.
217 “Hitler intends to”: Dallek, 332.
217 “The Russians of”: Martha Dodd, 343.
218 “Martha argues that”: Allen Weinstein and Alexander Vassiliev, The Haunted Wood: Soviet Espionage in America—the Stalin Era, 52.
218 “frankly expressed”: Ibid., 53.
218 “we have agreed” and subsequent encounter with Slutsky, and Martha’s statement: Ibid., 55–56.
219 “Boris, dear!”: Ibid., 61.
CHAPTER NINE: “UNIFORMS AND GUNS”
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220 “whether it was” and other quotes from Smith: Howard K. Smith, Last Train from Berlin, 4–16.
222 Like many wealthy undergraduates and quotes from JFK’s diary: Lubrich, ed., Travels in the Reich, 159–161.
223 “The trip up the Rhine” and rest of diary entries along with letter from German engineer to Randolph: Rebecca McBride, “Europe 1938: Travel Diary of John F. Randolph Annotated by His Daughter,” Leo Baeck Institute Archives.
224 “I simply draped”: Howard K. Smith, 26–27.
225 “Murrow, Columbia Broadcasting” and Shirer about Murrow: Shirer, Berlin Diary, 79–80.
226 “Personally, they have not” and other reflections on Berlin experiences: Ibid., 83–87.
226 “The worst has happened”: Ibid., 95.
227 “plays nicely”: Ibid., 90.
227 “a shouting, hysterical”: Ibid., 97.
227 “What’s that”: Ibid., 100.
227 “Well, meine Damen” and rest of café scene: Ibid., 101.
227 “Where did” and flights: Ibid., 103.
228 “This morning when”: William L. Shirer, “This Is Berlin”: Radio Broadcasts from Nazi Germany, 14.
228 “entanglements” and Hoover visit to Germany: Gary Dean Best, Herbert Hoover: The Postpresidential Years, 1933–1964, Vol. I, 1933–1945, 103.
228 “that Hitler was” and other Arentz quotes: Oral history interview of Samuel S. Arentz by Raymond Henle, Oct. 5, 1966, Herbert Hoover Oral History Program, box 2, Hoover. Additional details on Hoover-Hitler meeting, from Richard Norton Smith, An Uncommon Man: The Triumph of Herbert Hoover, 253–256.
229 Greeted by: Richard Norton Smith, 255–256.
229 “Yes, that’s” and discussion of Russia: Arentz interviewed by Henle.
229 “many menaces”: Best, 103.
229 “have all the hideous”: Ibid., 104.
230 “a longer period” and other Jacob Beam quotes: Jacob Beam’s unpublished manuscript with no title page (courtesy of Alex Beam).
231 The daughter of and rest of background of Muriel White: “American Countess Menaced with Bomb,” New York Times, Jan. 16, 1911.
231 “Foreign women” and American Women’s Club: Sigrid Schultz, Germany Will Try It Again, 137.
231 “commanded a hysterical”: Ibid., 135–136.
232 “the great improvement” and other Dilling quotes about Nazi Germany: Glen Jeansonne, Women of the Far Right: The Mothers’ Movement and World War II, 13.
232 Schultz recalled seeing Dilling and exchange with young American woman and Hoffmann quote: Schultz, 136.
236 “the principal impression” and other quotes from March 3, 1938, letter: Hugh R. Wilson, Jr., A Career Diplomat, The Third Chapter: The Third Reich, 18–21.
236 “in the sense of”: Ibid., 21–22.
236 “One may judge”: Ibid., 63.
237 “the smoke and dust” and rest of letter to Hull: Ibid., 22–26.
237 “confess that their hearts”: Ibid., 26.
237 “of bringing our people” and Wilson’s response: Ibid., 28.
237 “an attempt to work out”: Ibid., 37.
237 And he worried: Ibid., 38.
237 “Twenty years ago”: Ibid., 39.
238 Among Beam’s acquaintances: Beam’s unpublished manuscript; and John V. H. Dippel, Two Against Hitler: Stealing the Nazis’ Best-Kept Secrets, which offers an extensive account of Respondek’s role. Information about Beam’s encounter with Respondek and Muckermann, along with their background information, is drawn from both of these accounts.
240 “We had watched”: Erich von Manstein, Lost Victories, 23–24.
240 “the spontaneous outburst”: Wilson, A Career Diplomat, 51.
240 “stout piece of work”: Beam, unpublished manuscript.
240 “I do think”: Nancy Harvison Hooker, ed., The Moffat Papers: Selections from the Diplomatic Journals of Jay Pierrepont Moffat, 1919–1943, 217.
240 “completely different” and rest of Beam’s observations: Beam, unpublished manuscript.
241 “He’s still got”: Shirer, Berlin Diary, 142.
241 “For if they do”: Ibid., 135.
241 “a curious commentary” and rest of September 30 entries: Ibid., 144–145.
241 Angus Thuermer: quotes and information from Thuermer interviewed by author (2009) and Thuermer’s unpublished manuscript “What to Do if Your Moustache Falls Off.”
244 Charles Thayer and his account: Charles W. Thayer, The Unquiet Germans, 161–163.
245 Phillips Talbot and his account: Phillips Talbot letter of Dec. 27, 1938 (courtesy of Talbot and the Holocaust Museum); and Talbot interviewed by author (2009).
245 In a letter to: Wilson, A Career Diplomat, 60.
246 “It was suggested”: Albert C. Wedemeyer, Wedemeyer Reports!, 50.
247 “tall and handsome”: Katharine Smith’s unpublished memoir, Truman Smith Papers, boxes 4 and 6, Hoover.
247 Kätchen Smith: Kätchen interviewed by author (2010).
247 “out-going, hard-working” and “I hope she is not”: Katharine Smith memoir, Truman Smith Papers, boxes 4 and 6, Hoover.
247 147-page report and all quotations from report: Albert C. Wedemeyer Papers, box 6, folder 35, Hoover.
248 “German methods”: Wedemeyer, Wedemeyer Reports!, 50.
248 “outstanding as”: Ibid., 52.
248 “One of the”: Ibid., 53.
249 “But assuredly”: Ibid., 60.
249 “subtly revealed” and “There would be” and “not always discreet”: Ibid., 56–57.
249 “stolid, not overly” to “at all times friendly”: Ibid., 54.
249 “Heil Hitler”: Ibid., 37.
250 “. . . however greatly”: Ibid., 11.
250 “Beneath the propaganda”: Ibid., 10.
250 “It was Al”: Katharine Smith memoir, Truman Smith Papers, boxes 4 and 6, Hoover.
250 “I like to think”: Wedemeyer, 60.
250 “I had been disillusioned”: Ibid., 61.
251 “When I reported” to “I don’t want to sound like”: Memorandum to Colonel Eiler, Albert C. Wedemeyer Papers, box 6, folder 35, Hoover.
252 “A brief calendar”: Mowrer, Germany Puts the Clock Back, 250.
252 “an awesome sight”: Beam, unpublished manuscript.
252 “many methods” and budget request: Manfred Jonas, The United States and Germany: A Diplomatic History, 233.
252 “his eyes aglow”: Hooker, ed., 232.
252 “George, I wonder” and rest of Messersmith-Moffat exchange: Jesse H. Stiller, George S. Messersmith: Diplomat of Democracy, 135.
253 On April 14: Jonas, 234.
253 “could advantageously bend”: Hooker, ed., 220.
254 “the undisputed dean” and other quotes from Cosmopolitan, April and May 1939 issues: Wiegand Papers, box 31, Hoover.
CHAPTER TEN: “ON OUR ISLAND”
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256 “I sat for four hours” and other Lochner quotes from letters: “Round Robins from Berlin,” Wisconsin Magazine of History, Summer 1967.
257 The reports by Truman
Smith: Joseph C. Harsch, Pattern of Conquest, 41.
257 By early summer: Hooker, ed., The Moffat Papers, 251.
257 “Optimistic Poles”: H. R. Knickerbocker, Is Tomorrow Hitler’s? 200 Questions on the Battle of Mankind, 29.
257 “The Polish ambassador”: Hooker, ed., 249.
258 “the death of”: John Gunther, Inside Europe, xxviii.
258 “There is a chance”: Ibid., xxii.
258 “John fairly optimistic”: Shirer, Berlin Diary, 170.
258 “looked clean” and exchange with Captain D: Ibid., 171.
259 “How completely isolated,” German headlines, “For perverse” and “Struck by”: Ibid., 172–173.
259 “completely Nazified”: Ibid., 174.
259 “this powder-keg” and rest of Gdynia broadcast: Shirer, “This Is Berlin,” 53.
259 “We’re ready” and Warsaw visit entries: Shirer, Berlin Diary, 176–178.
260 “bombshell” and “There is no doubt” and odds of war: Hooker, ed., 250–251.
260 “It goes much further” and scene in Die Taverne: Shirer, Berlin Diary, 180–181.
261 “The people in the streets”: Ibid., 183.
261 “From about the middle” and other Beam recollections: Beam, unpublished manuscript.
262 “something was going to” and rest of Thuermer account: Thuermer interviewed by author (2009).
263 “The excitement of” and rest of William Russell’s account of August 31: William Russell, Berlin Embassy, 5–29.
265 Józef Lipski and his story: Beam, unpublished memoir.
265 “I have once more”: Ibid.
265 “a curious strain” and rest of Shirer’s account of Sept. 1–2: Shirer, Berlin Diary, 197–199.
266 “ After, say, about 1 A.M. ”: Shirer, “This Is Berlin,” 71.
266 “One expected”: Russell, 31.
266 “The people I have met”: Ibid., 33–34.
267 “It begins to” and rest of Shirer’s initial war diary entries: Shirer, Berlin Diary, 204–207.
267 “The war is raging”: Russell, 38.
267 “Drove all day” and rest of Shirer account of Baltic coast fighting: Shirer, Berlin Diary, 212–214.
268 Joseph Grigg and his account, including Hitler at Warsaw airport: Frederick Oechsner, This Is the Enemy, 143–151.
268 The AP’s Lochner and stories from Poland: Louis Lochner, What About Germany?, 124–125.