Delphi Complete Works of Procopius

by Procopius of Caesarea

  XXV

  And two months after Sergius had departed from there, Gontharis essayed to set up a tyranny in the following manner. He himself, as it happened, was commanding the troops in Numidia and spending his time there for that reason, but he was secretly treating with the Moors that they might march against Carthage. Forthwith, therefore, an army of the enemy, having been gathered into one place from Numidia and Byzacium, went with great zeal against Carthage. And the Numidians were commanded by Coutzinas and Iaudas, and the men of Byzacium by Antalas. And with him was also John, the tyrant, and his followers; for the mutineers, after the death of Stotzas, had set him up as ruler over themselves. And when Areobindus learned of their attack, he summoned to Carthage a number of the officers with their men, and among them Gontharis. And he was joined also by Artabanes and the Armenians. Areobindus, accordingly, bade Gontharis lead the whole army against the enemy. And Gontharis, though he had promised to serve him zealously in the war, proceeded to act as follows. One of his servants, a Moor by birth and a cook by trade, he commanded to go to the enemy’s camp, and to make it appear to all others that he had run away from his master, but to tell Antalas secretly that Gontharis wished to share with him the rule of Libya. So the cook carried out these directions, and Antalas heard the word gladly, but made no further reply than to say that worthy enterprises are not properly brought to pass among men by cooks. When this was heard by Gontharis, he immediately sent to Antalas one of his body-guards, Ulitheus by name, whom he had found especially trustworthy in his service, inviting him to come as close as possible to Carthage. For, if this were done, he promised him to put Areobindus out of the way. So Ulitheus without the knowledge of the rest of the barbarians made an agreement with Antalas that he, Antalas, should rule Byzacium, having half the possessions of Areobindus and taking with him fifteen hundred Roman soldiers, while Gontharis should assume the dignity of king, holding the power over Carthage and the rest of Libya. And after settling these matters he returned to the Roman camp, which they had made entirely in front of the circuit-wall, distributing among themselves the guarding of each gate. And the barbarians not long afterwards proceeded straight for Carthage in great haste, and they made camp and remained in the place called Decimum. And departing from there on the following day, they were moving forward. But some of the Roman army encountered them, and engaging with them unexpectedly, slew a small number of the Moors. But these were straightway called back by Gontharis, who rebuked them for acting with reckless daring and for being willing to give the Romans foreknowledge of the danger into which they were thrown.

  But in the meantime Areobindus sent to Coutzinas secretly and began to treat with him with regard to turning traitor. And Coutzinas promised him that, as soon as they should begin the action, he would turn against Antalas and the Moors of Byzacium. For the Moors keep faith neither with any other men nor with each other. This Areobindus reported to Gontharis. And he, wishing to frustrate the enterprise by having it postponed, advised Areobindus by no means to have faith in Coutzinas, unless he should receive from him his children as hostages. So Areobindus and Coutzinas, constantly sending secret messages to each other, were busying themselves with the plot against Antalas. And Gontharis sent Ulitheus once more and made known to Antalas what was being done. And he decided not to make any charges against Coutzinas nor did he allow him to know that he had discovered the plot, nor indeed did he disclose anything of what had been agreed upon by himself and Gontharis. But though enemies and hostile at heart to one another, they were arrayed together with treacherous intent, and each of them was marching with the other against his own particular friend. With such purposes Coutzinas and Antalas were leading the Moorish army against Carthage. And Gontharis was intending to kill Areobindus, but, in order to avoid the appearance of aiming at sole power, he wished to do this secretly in battle, in order that it might seem that the plot had been made by others against the general, and that he had been compelled by the Roman army to assume command over Libya. Accordingly he circumvented Areobindus by deceit, and persuaded him to go out against the enemy and engage with them, now that they had already come close to Carthage. He decided, therefore, that on the following day he would lead the whole army against the enemy at sunrise. But Areobindus, being very inexperienced in this matter and reluctant besides, kept holding back for no good reason. For while considering how he should put on his equipment of arms and armour, and making the other preparations for the sally, he wasted the greatest part of the day. He accordingly put off the engagement to the following day and remained quiet. But Gontharis, suspecting that he had hesitated purposely, as being aware of what was being done, decided openly to accomplish the murder of the general and make his attempt at the tyranny.

  Ἡμέρᾳ τε τῇ ἐπιγενομένῃ ἐποίει τάδε. τὰς πύλας ἀναπετάσας οὗ δὴ αὐτὸς φυλακὴν εἶχε, λίθους μὲν ὑπερφυεῖς ἔνερθεν ἔθηκεν, ὡς μή τις αὐτὰς ἐπιτιθέναι εὐπετῶς δύναιτο, ἄνδρας τε τεθωρακισμένους καὶ τὰ τόξα ἐν χερσὶν ἔχοντας ἀμφὶ τὰς ἐπάλξεις πολλοὺς ἔστησεν, αὐτός τε τὸν θώρακα ἐνδὺς εἱστήκει ἐν μέσαις ταῖς πύλαις. [2] ἐπενόει δὲ ταῦτα οὐ Μαυρουσίων ἕνεκα, ὅπως τῇ πόλει αὐτοὺς δέξηται ῾ἀβέβαιοι γὰρ Μαυρούσιοι παντάπασιν ὄντες ὑπόπτως ἔχουσιν ἐς πάντας ἀνθρώπους. [3] τοῦτό τε αὐτοῖς οὐκ ἀπὸ τοῦ εἰκότος γενέσθαι ξυμβαίνει: ἐπεὶ ὅστις ἄπιστος ἐς τοὺς πέλας καθέστηκε φύσει, οὐδὲ αὐτὸς πιστεύειν ὁτῳοῦν δύναται, ἀλλ̓ ὑπόπτως ἔχειν ἀναγκάζεται ἐς πάντας ἀνθρώπους ἐκ τῆς αὑτοῦ γνώμης τὸν τοῦ πέλας σταθμώμενος τρόπον. [4] διὸ δὴ οὐδὲ Μαυρουσίους ἤλπιζε Γόνθαρις πιστεύσαντάς οἱ ἐντὸς τοῦ περιβόλου γενήσεσθαἰ, ἀλλ̓ ὅπως Ἀρεόβινδος ἐμπεσὼν ἐς μέγα τι δέος ἐς φυγήν τε εὐθὺς ὁρμηθείη καὶ κατὰ τάχος Καρχηδόνα ἀπολιπὼν ἐπὶ Βυζαντίου κομίζοιτο. [5] καὶ ἔτυχέ γε τῆς ἀληθοῦς ἐννοίας, εἰ μὴ χειμὼν μεταξὺ ἐπιγενόμενος διεκώλυσε. [6] μαθὼν δὲ Ἀρεόβινδος τὰ ποιούμενα, τόν τε Ἀθανάσιον καὶ τῶν δοκίμων τινὰς μετεπέμπετο. [7] παρῆν δέ οἱ καὶ Ἀρταβάνης ἐκ τοῦ στρατοπέδου τρίτος αὐτός, τῷ τε Ἀρεοβίνδῳ παρῄνει μήτε ἀναπεπτωκέναι μήτε τόλμῃ τῇ Γονθάριδος ἐνδιδόναι, ἀλλ̓ αὐτίκα μάλα ἐπ̓ αὐτὸν ὁμοῦ ξὺν πᾶσι τοῖς οἱ ἑπομένοις ἰόντα ἔργου ἔχεσθαι, πρίν τι περαιτέρω γεγονέναι κακόν. [8] τὰ μὲν οὖν πρῶτα πέμψας Ἀρεόβινδος παρὰ Γόνθαριν τῶν ἐπιτηδείων τινά, Φρέδαν ὄνομα, ἐκέλευεν ἀποπειρᾶσθαι τῆς αὐτοῦ γνώμης. [9] ἐπεὶ δὲ ὁ Φρέδας ἐπανήκων οὐδαμῆ ἀπαρνεῖσθαι Γόνθαριν τὴν τυραννίδα ἐσήγγελλεν, ἤδη ἐπ̓ αὐτὸν ὡς ἐς μάχην ἰέναι διενοεῖτο. [10] Ἐν τούτῳ δὲ Γόνθαρις Ἀρεόβινδον εἰς τοὺς στρατιώτας διέβαλεν, ὡς ἄνανδρός τε εἴη καὶ ἅμα μὲν δέει ἐς τοὺς πολεμίους ἐχόμενος, ἅμα δὲ τὰς συντάξεις σφίσιν ὡς ἥκιστα ἐθέλων διδόναι, δρασμόν τε ξὺν Ἀθανασίῳ βουλεύεται καὶ αὐτίκα ἐκ Μανδρακίου ἀποπλεῖν μέλλουσ�
�ν, ὅπως οἱ στρατιῶται λιμῷ τε καὶ Μαυρουσίοις μαχόμενοι διαφθείρωνται, ἐπυνθάνετό τε εἴπερ αὐτοῖς βουλομένοις εἴη ἄμφω ξυλλαβοῦσιν ἐν φυλακῇ ἔχειν. [11] οὕτω γὰρ ἤλπιζεν Ἀρεόβινδον ἢ τοῦ θορύβου ᾐσθημένον φυγῇ χρήσεσθαι, ἢ καταληφθέντα πρὸς τῶν στρατιωτῶν διαφθαρήσεσθαι οὐδενὶ λόγῳ. [12] χρήματα μέντοι αὐτὸς οἴκοθεν ὡμολόγει τοῖς στρατιώταις προΐεσθαι ὅσαπερ αὐτοῖς τὸ δημόσιον ὦφλε. [13] καὶ οἱ μὲν τούς τε λόγους ἐπῄνουν καὶ θυμῷ ἐς τὸν Ἀρεόβινδον πολλῷ εἴχοντο, μεταξὺ δὲ Ἀρεόβινδος ξύν τε Ἀρταβάνῃ καὶ τοῖς ἑπομένοις ἐνταῦθα ἀφίκεται. [14] καὶ γίνεται μάχη ἔν τε ταῖς ἐπάλξεσι καὶ κάτω ἀμφὶ τὰς πύλας οὗ Γόνθαρις εἱστήκει, ἐν ᾗ οὐδέτεροι τὸ ἔλασσον ἔσχον. [15] ἔμελλόν τε ξυλλεγόμενοι ἐκ τῶν στρατοπέδων, ὅσοι βασιλεῖ εὐνοϊκῶς εἶχον, τοὺς στασιώτας κατὰ κράτος ἑλεῖν. οὐ γὰρ ἅπαντας ὁ Γόνθαρίς πω ἐξηπατήκει, ἀλλ̓ οἱ πλεῖστοι ἔτι ταῖς γνώμαις ἀκραιφνεῖς ἔμενον. [16] Ἀρεόβινδος δὲ τότε πρῶτον ἄνδρας κτεινομένους ἰδὼν ῾οὐ γάρ πω ἐθὰς τοῦ θεάματος τούτου ἐτύγχανεν ὤν̓ κατεπλάγη τε καὶ ἀποδειλιάσας οὐκ ἐνεγκών τε τὰ ὁρώμενα φεύγει. [17] Ἔστι δέ τις ἐντὸς τοῦ Καρχηδόνος περιβόλου νεὼς πρὸς τῇ τῆς θαλάσσης ἀκτῇ, οὗ δὴ ἄνδρες οἰκοῦσιν οἷς τὰ ἐς τὸ θεῖον ἀκριβῶς ἤσκηται: μοναχοὺς καλεῖν τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἀεὶ νενομίκαμεν: τοῦτον Σολόμων δειμάμενος τὸν νεὼν οὐ πολλῷ πρότερον τειχίσματί τε περιβαλὼν φρούριον ἐχυρώτατον κατεστήσατο. [18] ἐνταῦθα καταφυγὼν Ἀρεόβινδος ἐσεπήδησεν, ἔνθα τήν τε γυναῖκα καὶ τὴν ἀδελφὴν ἐτύγχανε πέμψας. [19] τότε καὶ Ἀρταβάνης ἀπιὼν ᾤχετο, καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ ξύμπαντες ἐνθένδε ἀνεχώρουν ὡς ἕκαστός πη ἐδύνατο. [20] Γόνθαρις δὲ κατὰ κράτος νενικηκὼς ξὺν τοῖς στασιώταις τὸ Παλάτιον ἔσχε, καὶ τάς τε πύλας τόν τε λιμένα ἐνδελεχέστατα ἤδη ἐφύλαττε. [21] πρῶτα μὲν οὖν τὸν Ἀθανάσιον μετεπέμπετο, καὶ ὃς αὐτῷ οὐδὲν μελλήσας ἦλθε, [22] θωπείᾳ τε πολλῇ χρώμενος δόκησιν παρείχετο ὡς αὐτὸν ὅτι μάλιστα ἡ πρᾶξις ἀρέσκοι. [23] ἔπειτα δὲ τὸν τῆς πόλεως ἱερέα πέμψας Ἀρεόβινδον ἐκέλευε τὰ πιστὰ λαβόντα ἐς Παλάτιον ἥκειν, ἀπειλήσας πολιορκήσειν τε ἀπειθήσαντα καὶ μηκέτι αὐτῷ ὑπὲρ τῆς σωτηρίας τὰ πιστὰ δώσειν, ἀλλὰ πάσῃ μηχανῇ ἐξελὼν κτείνειν. [24] ὁ μὲν οὖν ἱερεὺς Ῥεπάρατος ἰσχυρίζετο Γονθάριδος γνώμῃ τῷ Ἀρεοβίνδῳ ὀμεῖσθαι, μηδὲν αὐτῷ ἄχαρι πρὸς ἐκείνου ξυμβήσεσθαι, φράσας καὶ ὅσα μὴ πειθομένῳ τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ ἠπείλησε. [25] δείσας δὲ Ἀρεόβινδος ὡμολόγησεν αὐτίκα τῷ ἱερεῖ ἕψεσθαι, ἢν τὸ θεῖον λουτρὸν ἱερουργήσας, ᾗπερ εἴθισται, εἶτα πρὸς αὐτοῦ οἱ ἀπομοσάμενος ἀμφὶ τῇ σωτηρίᾳ τὰ πιστὰ δοίη. [26] ὁ μὲν οὖν ἱερεὺς κατὰ ταῦτα ἐποίει. Ἀρεόβινδος δὲ οὐδέν τι μελλήσας αὐτῷ εἵπετο, ἱμάτιον ἀμπεχόμενος οὔτε στρατηγῷ οὔτε ἄλλῳ στρατευομένῳ ἀνδρὶ ἐπιτηδείως ἔχον, ἀλλὰ δούλῳ ἢ ἰδιώτῃ παντάπασι πρέπον: κασοῦλαν αὐτὸ τῇ Λατίνων φωνῇ καλοῦσι Ῥωμαῖοι. [27] ἐπειδή τε ἀγχοῦ τοῦ Παλατίου ἐγένοντο, τὰ θεῖα ἐν χερσὶ λόγια παρὰ τοῦ ἱερέως λαβὼν τῷ Γονθάριδι ἐς ὄψιν ἦλθε. [28] πρηνής τε πεσὼν χρόνον πολὺν αὐτοῦ ἔκειτο, τὴν ἱκετηρίαν αὐτῷ τά τε θεῖα λόγια προτεινόμενος καὶ τὸ παιδίον ὅπερ τοῦ θείου ἀξιωθὲν λουτροῦ ἔτυχεν, ἐφ̓ οὗ οἱ τὴν πίστιν ὁ ἱερεύς, ὥσπερ μοι ἐρρήθη, παρέσχετο. [29] ἐπεὶ δὲ αὐτὸν ἐξανέστησεν ὁ Γόνθαρις μόλις, πρὸς τῶν ἱερῶν ἁπάντων ἀνεπυνθάνετο τοῦ Γονθάριδος, εἴ οἱ τὰ τῆς σωτηρίας ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ κεῖται. [30] καὶ ὃς θαρσεῖν αὐτὸν ἰσχυρότατα ἤδη ἐκέλευεν: οὐδὲν γὰρ ἄχαρι πρὸς αὐτοῦ πείσεσθαι, ἀλλὰ τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ ξύν τε τῇ γυναικὶ καὶ τοῖς χρήμασιν ἐκ Καρχηδόνος οἰχήσεσθαι. [31] εἶτα τὸν ἱερέα Ῥεπάρατον ἀποπεμψάμενος, Ἀρεόβινδόν τε καὶ Ἀθανάσιον δειπνεῖν ξὺν αὑτῷ ἐν Παλατίῳ ἐκέλευε. [32] καὶ δειπνοῦντα μὲν τὸν Ἀρεόβινδον ἐτίμα: πρῶτον γὰρ αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τῆς στιβάδος κατέκλινε: δειπνήσαντα δὲ οὐ μεθῆκεν, ἀλλὰ καθεύδειν ἐν κοιτῶνι μόνον ἠνάγκαζεν: οὗ δὴ τὸν Οὐλίθεον ξὺν ἑτέροις τισὶν ἐπ̓ αὐτὸν ἔπεμψεν. [33] οἵπερ αὐτὸν κωκύοντά τε καὶ ὀλολυγαῖς συχναῖς χρώμενον πολλά τε πρὸς ἔλεον ἐπαγωγὰ φθεγγόμενον ἐς αὐτοὺς κτείνουσιν. Ἀθανασίου μέντοι ἐφείσαντο, τὸ γῆρας, οἶμαι, τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ὑπεριδόντες.