Heart: An American Medical Odyssey
Page 36
According to the United Network for Organ Sharing: http://www.unos.org.
heart transplant waiting list: http://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/PoliciesandBylaws2/policies/pdfs/policy_9.pdf
the median predicted survival is fourteen years: Josef Stehlik, Leah B. Edwards, Anna Y. Kucheryavaya, et al., “The Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Twenty-Eighth Adult Heart Transplant Report—2011,” Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation 2011;30:1083.
There are currently about thirty-five hundred patients: http://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/latestData/rptData.asp.
Index
Aaron, Dr. Benjamin, 85, 97, 120, 128
Abdullah, king of Saudi Arabia, 224–25, 244
Abrams, Herbert, 124–25
ABSCAM scandal, 47
ACE inhibitors, 40, 218, 255
Adair, Paul “Red,” 141
Addington, David, 106, 153–55
Afghanistan, visit to, 212–13
Agnew, Spiro, 154
Aldactone, 218
Alexander, Keith, 192
Allbaugh, Joe, 111–12, 113, 115
al Qaeda, 191–92
altitude, effects of, 1, 75, 97, 118, 244, 304
altitude sickness, 197–98
Altman, Lawrence, 121, 125
American Heart Association (AHA), 21–22, 36, 138, 139, 141, 178, 239
amyl nitrate, 33
Anies, Gus, 278
angioplasty, balloon, 167–72, 251–52
antiplatelet drugs, 40
anthrax prophylaxis, 194–95
anticoagulants, 2, 4, 33, 34, 213, 227, 243, 248–49, 252, 262
Anturane, 40
Archimedes, 262
Aristotle, 51, 52
arrhythmias
Cheney’s risk for, 175
early research to detect, 37, 38, 39
heart failure with, 303
implantable cardioverter defibrillator to control, 4, 179–83, 219, 231, 241
sudden cardiac arrest and, 176, 241
See also atrial fibrillation; ventricular fibrillation
arteriography. See cardiac catheterization
artificial heart, 119, 257–59
aspirin, 40, 197, 234
atherosclerosis, 19–20, 22, 25, 26, 95, 122, 139–40, 142, 167, 202
atorvastatin (Lipitor), 40, 82, 197
atrial fibrillation (A Fib), 221, 226–32, 245, 249, 250, 260, 292, 308
automated external defibrillation (AED), 239–41
Axelrod, Dr. Paul, 178
Azerbaijan, 221, 222
Bachmann, Adolf, 140, 141
Baglivi, Giorgio, 253
Baker, Howard, 69
Baker, Jim, 84, 100, 131
balloon angioplasty, 167–72, 251–52
Barnard, Dr. Christiaan, 287, 295–97, 298
Barnard, Marius, 296, 297
Barnett, Bob, 282–83
Barnett, Ross, 290
Baron, Kenneth, 160
Becker, Dr. Richard, 169
Bennett, Bob, 196–97
Bennett, William, 197
Benson, Merritt, 49
Bernanke, Ben, 222
beta blockers, 40, 234, 241, 255
biological agents, protection against, 194–97
Blaiberg, Philip, 298
bleeding episodes
anticoagulants and, 249
bloodletting to prevent, 253
end-stage heart failure and, 303
internal in thigh, 3, 265
left ventricular assist device and, 271, 273, 300
nosebleed incidents and, 243, 248–50
bloodletting, 253
Bloom, David, 215
Bohrer, David, 189, 277
Bosch, Dr. Ryan, 204, 206, 209, 214, 216, 219, 233, 249
Boswell, Dr. J. T., 124
Bowie, Alexander, 52–53
Bruenn, Dr. Howard, 125–26
Burch, Dean, 28
Burton, Dr. Nelson, 5, 246, 264, 267, 268, 270–71
Bush, Barbara, 111
Bush, George H. W., 84
atrial fibrillation of, 227
cabinet of, 99–100, 101–02, 106
presidential election and, 83, 85–86, 96
world situation and, 104, 105
Bush, George W.
campaigns and, 131, 132, 134, 193
Cheney as running mate of, 111–15, 116, 118–19, 121–22, 127–34, 193, 224
Cheney’s vice presidency under, 115, 155–56, 161, 189, 190, 193, 212
Cheney’s health and, 133, 150, 173, 193
9/11 terrorist attack and, 189, 190, 191
presidency of, 161, 173, 174, 222
Bush, Laura, 113, 132
bypass surgery. See coronary bypass surgery
Byrd, Robert, 72
Caputy, Dr. Anthony, 236
cardiac catheterization
angioplasty with, 145, 146–52, 167–70
Cheney’s monitoring with, 57–58, 74–75, 76, 77, 120, 122, 127, 133, 136–38, 142–44, 147–52, 165, 166, 167–70, 181–82, 251, 264, 267
early use of, 53–54, 55, 77, 79, 140–41
Reiner’s administration of, 55–57, 116, 122, 133, 136–38, 142–44, 146–52, 167–70, 251
techniques in, 55–57, 74, 137–38, 251
cardiogenic shock, 120, 264–65
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), 17, 238–39, 240
Carrel, Dr. Alexis, 92
Carter, Jimmy, 10–11, 131
Cary, Dr. Freeman, 57
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 71, 103, 159, 192
Channock, Foster, 28
Chazov, Evgenii, 79
chemical agents, protection against, 194–97
Cheney, Bob, 7, 109
Cheney, Dick
FAMILY AND PERSONAL LIFE
autobiography authoring, 282–83
father’s death, 109–10
fishing, 7, 8, 106, 108, 158–60, 223, 245, 282
grandchildren, 131, 158, 317
Halliburton career, 108, 109, 111, 112, 113, 116
hunting, 72, 118, 128, 160, 223, 226, 244, 305
Jackson Hole, Wyoming, home, 1, 107–08, 131, 158, 198, 225, 234, 244–45, 280, 299–300, 304
McLean, Virginia, home, 1, 132, 223, 243, 256, 279, 285
mother’s death, 108–09
skiing, 45, 84, 87, 97, 99, 108, 118, 158, 309
vacations, 11, 44, 107, 158, 223, 274
HEALTH
altitude sickness, 197–98
atrial fibrillation (A Fib), 226–32, 245, 260, 308
back injury and herniated disk surgery, 223, 235–36, 237, 248
bypass surgery, 84–87, 97–98, 106, 107, 110, 119–20, 200
cardiac catheterizations, 57–58, 74–75, 76, 77, 120, 122, 127, 133, 136–38, 142–44, 147–52, 165, 166, 167–70, 181–82, 251, 264, 267
“check it out” approach, 15, 48, 69, 83–84, 114, 133, 135
chest pain, 4, 34, 40, 57, 76, 134, 135, 147, 150, 165–66, 174, 197, 216, 218, 226, 231, 232, 251
cholesterol levels, 12, 41, 82, 98, 103, 106, 153, 219
congestive heart failure, 197–98, 211–12, 248
coronary artery stenting, 147–52, 251, 252
coronary balloon angioplasty, 167–72, 251–52
daily limits encountered, 3, 221, 223
daughter Liz’s concern about decline, 255–56
decision to develop physician relationship, 70–71, 157
deep vein thrombosis, 213–15
defibrillation (cardioversion), 230, 232
diet, 9, 12, 32, 41, 45, 57, 174, 226, 231, 232
echocardiograms, 118, 120, 128, 203, 205, 216, 229–30, 266–67, 298, 304, 305, 307, 310
effect of family background, 7–8, 85, 109
end-stage heart failure, 1–3, 4, 230, 245–46, 283, 304, 317
exercise, 9–10, 32, 40, 41, 45, 57, 121, 128, 165, 174, 215, 216, 217, 226, 276, 304, 308
fainting episodes, 15, 73–74, 225, 237
false alarms, 48–50, 73–74
gout, 211
“hard work” advice, 29, 193
heart attack, prime candidate for, 11–12
heart attack, first (1978), 1, 15, 25, 27–29, 36–37, 40, 45, 50, 58, 76, 97, 120, 127, 143, 192, 199, 208–09
heart attack, second (1984), 69–70, 71, 76, 98, 127, 143, 157
heart attack, third (1988), 76–77, 83–84, 127–28, 143
heart attack, fourth (2000), 133–38, 141–44, 146–52, 200
heart attack, fifth (2010), 244, 252
heart transplant, 285–86, 309–12, 315–18
Holter monitor, 164, 165, 174, 175, 179–81
implantable cardioverter defibrillator, 164, 180, 181–85, 198–99, 209, 217, 218–19, 241, 248, 308, 316
knee problems, 10, 13, 158, 317
left ventricular assist device surgery, 246–48, 255, 260–77, 299, 300, 303–05
LVAD rehabilitation, 276–82, 299, 300, 303–05
LVAD removal, 316
LVAD use in daily life, 277–82, 283, 307–08
medical transition plan after vice presidency, 233–35
mini-crises indicating decline, 192, 230, 232, 244–46, 248, 252, 255, 260
nosebleed incidents, 243, 248–50
periodic checkups, 11–12, 199, 200–02, 216–19, 236–37
political aspects of. See heart disease as a political issue
popliteal aneurysm repair, 202–11
possible hyperkalemia, 188–89, 193–94
protection against biological agents, 194–97
reactions to heart attacks, 69–70
reflections on his own health, 1–3, 10, 45–46, 48, 50, 70–71, 110, 153, 173, 192–93, 199–200, 221, 244, 245–46, 283, 284–85, 316–18
Reiner’s reflections on gradual changes, 233–35, 248, 303
shortness of breath symptoms, 4, 135, 174, 211, 214, 216, 226, 231, 303
smoking, 8–9, 12, 41, 45, 50, 57
statements to the media about. See media coverage
stress tests, 40, 57, 74, 75, 116, 118, 120, 122, 128, 216, 217
transition back to private life from being vice president, 223–25
travel schedules, 46, 48, 212, 213, 214, 221, 223, 244
ventricular fibrillation (V Fib) incident, 225, 241
ventricular tachycardia, 174, 175, 179–80, 182, 308
vice-presidential residence and support, 165, 204–05, 223–24
White House medical care, 156–58, 159–60, 161–66, 167, 205, 206, 211–12, 214, 235
POLITICAL CAREER
economic crisis (2008), 222
family’s involvement, 131
Iran-Contra committee, 72–73, 75
9/11 terrorist attack, 189–92
possible candidacy for president in 1996, 107
presidential election (1988), 83, 85–86, 96
secretary of defense, 48, 82, 100–06
vice presidency, 115, 153, 154–56, 161, 189, 190, 212–13
vice-presidential candidate, 111–15, 116, 118–19, 121–22, 127–34, 224
visit to former Soviet Republics, 221–22
White House chief of staff, 9, 10–11, 28, 102, 106
Wyoming Congressional campaigns, 12–15, 28–32, 37, 40–41, 43, 50, 69, 71, 85, 87
Wyoming Congressman, 43–45, 46–48, 71–72, 75–76, 87, 129
Cheney, Liz
Cheney as vice-presidential candidate and, 115, 130
Cheney family life with, 9, 31, 44, 107, 317
concern about decline in father’s health, 255–56
father’s autobiography co-authored with, 283
father’s care and, 272, 275, 278, 281
father’s surgeries and, 3, 5–6, 248, 268, 271, 300, 310, 313
Cheney, Lynne
FAMILY AND PERSONAL LIFE, 109, 191
adviser and critic to Cheney, 129, 130, 283
Cheney as vice-presidential candidate, 111, 115, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133–34
Cheney’s autobiography, 283
Jackson Hole, Wyoming, home, 1, 107–08, 131, 158, 198, 244–45, 299–300, 304
married life, 8–9, 11, 274, 276
McLean, Virginia, home, 1, 132, 223, 243, 256, 279, 285
9/11 terrorist attack, 189
vacations, 11, 12, 44, 274
vice-presidential residence, 165, 204–05, 223–24
writing career, 70, 129, 282–83
Wyoming Congressional campaigns, 12, 30–31, 32
HUSBAND’S HEALTH
care after surgery, 87, 173, 272, 278, 281–82, 299, 300
false alarms, 49
heart attacks, 15, 28, 30
heart transplant, 285, 310, 313, 317
implantable cardioverter defibrillator, 184–85
left ventricular assist device, 3, 5–6, 248, 263, 266, 268, 271, 272, 275, 276, 278, 280, 281–82, 300
media coverage issues, 133–34, 170
medical team, 5–6, 136, 137–38, 150, 169–70, 184–85, 204–06, 268, 269, 271, 299
Reiner relationship, 70, 205–06, 236, 237, 249, 250, 251, 299–300, 310, 313
trips to hospital to check out symptoms, 237, 243, 244, 245, 249, 266
Cheney, Marjorie “Mom,” 32, 85, 108–09
Cheney, Mary, 305
Cheney family life with, 9, 31, 44, 130, 283, 317
father’s care and, 246, 272, 275, 278, 280, 281
father’s surgeries and, 3, 6, 248, 268, 271, 300
Cheney, Richard “Dad,” 32, 85, 87, 109–10
Cheney, Samuel Fletcher, 101, 317
Cheney, Susan, 109
chest pain
blood clot and, 76
“check it out” approach to, 15, 48, 69, 83–84, 114, 133, 135
Cheney’s episodes of, 4, 34, 40, 57, 76, 134, 135, 147, 150, 165–66, 174, 197, 216, 218, 226, 231, 232, 251
coronary artery narrowing with, 117
fitness for a job and, 122
Gruentzig’s procedure to check, 140–41
White House Medical Unit (WHMU) and, 159–60
Choi, Dr. Elmer, 269
cholesterol
Cheney’s levels of, 12, 41, 82, 98, 103, 106, 153, 219
diet and, 21
heart disease risk and, 10, 21, 22, 25, 80, 151–62
medications to reduce, 40, 75, 80–82, 103, 106, 153
CIA, 71, 103, 159, 192
cigarette use. See smoking
Circulation (journal), 36, 178
Clenard, Justin, 282
Clinton, Bill, 107, 196
clopidogrel (Plavix), 40, 197, 250, 252
clots, and heart attacks, 36, 77–78, 151–52
Cohen, Dr. Marley, 92
Cohn, Dr. Lawrence, 121–22
Collazo, Dr. Lucas, 312
compactin, 80, 81
congestive heart failure (CHF), 258, 295, 298
altitude reactions and, 197–98
atrial fibrillation and, 227, 231–32
back injury and herniated disk surgery and, 223, 237, 248
Cheney’s father and, 109
deep vein thrombosis and, 215
definition of, 217
diagnosis of, 212, 216, 217, 231
early symptoms of, 197–98, 203
examination for symptoms of, 120, 121, 136
fluid retention and weight gain in, 5, 109, 126, 212, 219–20, 230, 231, 232, 253
implantable cardioverter defibrillator for monitoring onset of, 219–20
indomethacin as cause of, 211–12
medications for, 40, 198, 227, 248, 255
Roosevelt’s illnesses and, 126
Constitution, 47, 114, 123, 154–55
Cooley, Dr. Denton, 114, 119–20, 121, 127, 258–59, 311, 314
Cooper, Dr. David, 18
Cooper, David K. C., 257, 258–59, 295
coronary arteriography. See cardiac catheterization
coronary artery stenting, 147–52, 251, 252
coronary balloon angi
oplasty, 167–72, 251–52
coronary bypass surgery
Cheney’s decision on, 84–85
Cheney’s experience of, 86–87, 97–98, 110
Cheney’s health after, 105–06, 107, 119–20, 200
coronary care units (CCUs), 37, 39–40
Cournand, Dr. Andre, 54
Cozaar, 217, 218
Creason, Sarah, 235
Crestor, 40, 82
Cruikshank, Tom, 108
Dangerfield, Dr. Paul, 210, 229, 337
Darvall, Denise, 295–96
Darvall, Edward, 295
da Vinci, Leonardo, 19, 52
Davis, Dr. Rick, 27, 29, 32, 37, 40, 193
DeBakey, Dr. Michael, 95, 256–59
deep vein thrombosis (DVT), 213–15, 250, 303
defibrillation
first successful uses of external, 37–39
first successful use of internal, 37–38
heart attack treatment with, 17, 230
heart transplant with, 293, 297, 312
implantable. See implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)
sudden cardiac arrest and, 238–40
Del Negro, Dr. Al, 58
Department of Defense, 100–06
Deppisch, Dr. Ludwig M., 195
Desai, Dr. Shashank, 3–4, 260–61, 263, 264, 267–68, 269, 271, 284, 286, 302, 304, 305, 308, 309, 310
Dewey, Thomas E., 127
DeWood, Dr. Marcus, 77–78
Dickey, Gene, 15
Dickey, Granddad, 7–8, 85
diet
cardiovascular risk and, 21–22, 121
Cheney and, 9, 12, 32, 41, 45, 57, 174, 226, 231, 232
cholesterol levels related to, 21, 22, 81
coronary artery disease linked to, 20–21
low-fat approach to, 22–23
Diggs, Charles, 47
diuretics, 198, 212, 248, 253, 260, 261, 266
Dodrill, Dr. Forest, 92–93
Dole, Bob, 72
echocardiography, 118, 120, 128, 203, 205, 216, 228–30, 266–67, 298, 304, 305, 307, 310
economic crisis (2008), 222
economy class syndrome, 215
Edwards, John, 283
Edwards, Lori, 261, 262, 285, 309
Egypt, ancient, 51, 253
Eisenhower, Dwight, 30, 33–34, 36, 37, 40
Eisenhower, Mamie, 33
El-Bayoumi, Dr. Jehan “Gigi,” 249–50, 263, 264, 271, 274, 300
elections, Congressional
campaign for Wyoming seat, 12–15, 28–32, 37, 40–41, 43, 50, 69, 71, 85, 87
Republicans in 1993 and 1994, 106–07
Senate in 2000, 155
elections, presidential
1944, 126–27
1960, 123–24
1976, 10–11, 12, 130, 131
1988, 83, 85–86, 96, 99
1996, 107
2000, 111, 129–32, 134, 135
2004, 129, 193, 283
2008, 222