Colonial America

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Colonial America Page 95

by Richard Middleton, Anne Lombard


  factional fighting

  attack on Louisburg

  attends Albany Congress

  and French and Indian War

  Massachusetts (Indians)

  Massachusetts Bay Company

  Massasoit, Chief

  mathematics: precontact

  Mather, Cotton: reaction to Glorious Revolution

  and witchcraft

  as a father

  and religious doctrine

  on Rhode Island churches

  book collection

  Magnalia Christi Americana

  Mather, Increase

  Mattaponis

  Mayas

  Mayflower

  Mayflower Compact

  Mayhew, Jonathan

  Mayhew, Thomas

  Mazanet, Father

  meat see livestock farming

  medicine: inoculation

  African

  see also diseases

  men: Native American jobs and roles

  Native American relationship with women

  western European jobs and roles

  western European relationship with women

  Puritans' view of fathers' role in spiritual education

  role in household government

  household responsibilities

  gender ideology

  incentive to marry

  consumerism as threat to patriarchal society

  Menéndez, Francisco

  Menéndez de Avilés, Pedro

  Mennonites

  Menominees

  mercantilism

  mestizos

  metallurgy: precontact

  Native American exposure to European metal products

  New England

  Native Americans trade with French for

  iron industry

  Methodists

  Mexico: origins of agriculture

  Mexico, Gulf of

  see also Louisiana

  Miami

  Miamis

  Miantonomo

  Michilimackinac

  Micmacs

  midwives

  Milborne, Jacob

  military service

  militias: seventeenth century

  English government attempts some centralization of command

  training

  to control slaves

  New France

  eighteenth century

  millenarianism

  Miller, Thomas

  Mingoes

  Minorca

  Minuit, Peter

  Mississaugas

  Mississippi River and Valley: precontact

  Spanish exploration

  descendants of cultures

  European discovery

  map of

  French exploration and settlement

  Mittelberger, Reverend Gottlieb

  Mobile

  Mohawks: and Iroquois League

  war with Mahicans

  war with Hurons

  trade

  early encounters with Dutch

  alliance with Dutch against Algonquians

  reserve established for Catholic

  support English in King Philip's War

  involvement in imperial wars

  continue traditional friendship with British

  declare Covenant Chain broken

  and French and Indian War

  see also Iroquois

  Mohegans

  Molasses Act (1733)

  monarchy: development of centralized

  concept of king in Parliament

  king's powers in the colonies in eighteenth century

  colonials' royalist tendencies

  development of republicanism

  Monck, George, duke of Albemarle

  Monckton, Colonel Robert

  money: minting

  lack of specie leads to paper money

  commodity money

  continuing colonial cash shortage

  see also banks

  Montagnais

  Montcalm, marquis de

  Montgomery, Colonel

  Montréal (Ville-Marie): Cartier's expedition to future site

  foundation

  English fail to capture (1690)

  growth

  Indian trade

  British attempts to capture are finally successful

  Montserrat

  Moore, James

  Moravians

  Morgan, Philip D.

  Morris, Lewis

  Morton, Thomas

  Mose, Florida

  mounds

  Mount Wollaston see Braintree

  Munsees

  Murray, General

  Musgrove, Mary

  music

  Muskogeans

  Nantes, Edict of: revoked

  Nanticokes

  Narragansetts

  Narvaez, Panfilo de

  Natchez Indians

  Natchitoches

  Natick

  Native Americans: sources and misrepresentations

  precontact society and culture

  precontact population size

  earliest contacts with Europeans

  precontact transoceanic contacts

  French trade with

  English early encounters with

  origins of racism concept

  English attitude to

  in Virginia

  typical pattern of Anglo-Indian relations

  in New England

  Pequot War

  sold into slavery

  conversion attempts

  Mohawk–Mahican war

  war with Dutch

  Iroquois–Huron war

  Peach War

  location in eastern North America

  relations with French

  relations with Dutch

  relations with Swedish

  in Maryland

  in Carolinas

  in New York

  wars over control of fur trade

  attacked on Chesapeake

  resistance to authority of Massachusetts government leads to King Philip's War

  many Indian survivors, including Christian converts, sold into slavery

  captive narratives

  friendly relations in Pennsylvania

  ally with French against English

  Andros marches against in Maine

  fears of combined Catholic–Indian attacks in Maryland

  involvement in imperial wars

  English and French dependence on as warriors

  reasons for European captives to accept Indian way of life

  constant warfare in Carolinas

  why they did not unite against English

  decline in numbers

  birth control methods

  popularity of Moravians with

  influence on colonial way of life

  help given to runaway slaves

  books on interactions with French and Spanish in respective colonies

  Spanish missions to and acculturation

  map of settlements in Gulf of Mexico

  relations with French settlers in eighteenth century

  life in French reserves

  in French upper country

  in Louisiana

  French defeat Natchez

  Texas

  history and society from 1690

  changes arising from interactions with settlers

  marriage with African Americans

  nations of northern frontier in eighteenth century

  location on northern frontier in 1725

  frontier nations in eighteenth century

  location on southern frontier in 1725

  or decline

  Scots-Irish attitude leads to deteriorating relations

  and voting rights

  in Ohio Valley

  Iroquois break with British

  French and Indian War

  significance of this war for their eventual destruction

  some Christian Indians leave Florida for Spain

  Comanches and Apac
hes seek to expand sphere of influence

  deteriorating British relations with

  coalescence of shared identity

  Pontiac's Rebellion

  see also individual peoples

  Naumkeag see Salem

  naval stores

  Navigation Acts (1654–73)

  Needham, Massachusetts

  Neolin

  Neshaminy Log College

  Neutrals

  Nevis

  New Amsterdam (later New York City): establishment

  taken over by English

  New England: English exploration

  colonization process

  United Colonies formed

  map of

  agreement with Dutch

  royal commission investigates

  customs collector appointed

  and King Philip's War

  struggles over creation of Dominion of New England

  Dominion ended

  farming exports

  health

  interdependence of fathers and sons

  sexual mores

  housing

  women's lives

  textile industry

  religious changes in eighteenth century

  Whitefield preaches in

  literacy

  education

  Mather's history

  slavery

  changes to Native American life brought by interactions with settlers

  eighteenth-century immigration

  local government

  growing dissension

  nationality of governors

  and French and Indian War

  see also individual colonies and states

  New France: early days

  converted Native Americans

  survivors of King Philip's War flee to

  growth into successful economy

  English invasions

  Treaty of Utrecht gives some to English

  fur trade

  immigration policies

  growth from end of seventeenth century

  French expand west from

  rivalry with British for Ohio Country

  border disputes with British colonies

  French and Indian War

  size of militia

  British conquest

  consequences of French and Indian War for French settlers

  British relations with Native Americans

  New Hampshire: early days

  royal commission investigates

  becomes royal colony

  Massachusetts reasserts control over

  joins Dominion of New England

  Indian attacks in Nine Years War

  Bellomont made governor

  lumber and naval stores industries

  religious changes in eighteenth century

  eighteenth-century immigration

  politics after 1690

  intercolonial conflicts

  joins attack on Louisburg

  attacks Albany Congress

  New Haven: foundation

  shipbuilding

  reaction to and effects of Restoration

  divorce laws

  and Great Awakening

  populations

  politics

  New Jersey: New York's aspirations to

  early days

  map of

  II's attempts to turn into royal colony

  Bellomont made commander of militia

  conference with Iroquois

  and War of the Spanish Succession

  united into single colony

  agricultural exports

  paper money

  families

  women's lives

  religion in eighteenth century

  slavery

  attempts to defraud Native Americans of their lands

  eighteenth-century immigration

  politics after 1690

  local government

  judges' tenure

  factional fighting

  New Lights

  New London, Connecticut

  New Mexico

  New Netherland (later New York)

  New Orleans

  New Plymouth see Plymouth

  New Rochelle

  New Spain

  New Sweden

  New York (formerly New Netherland): map of

  taken over from Dutch

  Charter of Liberties

  Stadthuys

  with Indians

  assembly and Charter of Liberties revoked by James II

  Leisler's Rebellion and aftermath

  ethnic diversity

  administration of tax law

  and Nine Years War

  Bellomont made governor

  and War of the Spanish Succession

  Fletcher made governor

  agriculture

  fur trade

  protectionism

  paper money

  local elites

  women's lives

  religion in

  education

  Smith's history

  free African Americans

  slavery

  Susquehannocks in

  eighteenth-century immigration

  manorial system

  politics after 1690

  local government

  voting rights

  issue of money

  nationality of governors

  intercolonial conflicts

  factional fighting

  attends Albany Congress

  and French and Indian War

  takes over more Indian land

  New York City (formerly New Amsterdam): in seventeenth century

  trade rivalry with Albany

  and slave trade

  pre-eminence as trading center

  silver industry

  wealth

  epidemics

  women traders

  religion in

  education

  libraries

  newspapers

  interest in science

  slavery

  eighteenth-century immigration

  sanitation

  eighteenth-century appearance

  local government

  politics

  New York Gazette

  New York Weekly Journal

  Newark, New Jersey

  Newburyport

  Newcastle, duke of

  Newfoundland

  Newport, Captain

  Newport, Rhode Island

  newspapers

  Niagara

  Niantics

  Nicholls, Colonel Richard

  Nichols, William

  Nicholson, Colonel Francis: as lieutenant governor of New York

  sent to Virginia

  captures Port Royal

  captures and kills Teach

  made governor of South Carolina

  Nine Years War (1689–97)

  Nipmucks

  Noquets

  Norfolk

  Norridgewocks

  North America: land bridge to Asia

  European discovery

  North Carolina: early days

  Culpepper's rising

  Tuscarora War

  proprietary government overthrown

  population

  rice cultivation

  numbers of slaves

  subsistence farmers

  iron industry

  use of commodity money

  paper money

  Native American reservations

  eighteenth-century immigration

  urban development

  politics after 1690

  local government

  voting rights

  judges' tenure

  factional fighting

  and French and Indian War

  see also Carolinas

  Northampton, Massachusetts

  Northfield

  Northwest Passage

  Norwich, Connecticut

  Nova Scotia (formerly Acadia)

  Nurse, Rebecc
a

  Nuthead, Dinah

  Ocaneechees

  Oglethorpe, General James

  Ohio Company

  Ohio River

  Ohio Valley: precontact

  Iroquois drive out other Native Americans

  Shawnees and Delawares return

  French and British struggle over

  British move in surveyors and settlers

  and Pontiac's Rebellion

  Ojibwas

  Old Lights

  Oldham, John

  Olmecs

  Oñate, Juan de

  Oneidas

  see also Iroquois

  Onondagas

  see also Iroquois

  Opechancanough, Chief

  orreries

  Orthwood, Ann

  Osages

  Osborne, Sarah

  Oswego

  Otis, James, Sr.

  Ottawas: Iroquois attack

  relations with settlers

  in Ohio Valley

  and French and Indian War

  and Pontiac's Rebellion

  Ottoman empire

  Ouiatenon

  oyer and terminer courts

  Pacific: search for water route to

  Palatines see Pietists

  Pamunkeys

  Panama

  Panama, Isthmus of

  paper

  Paquiquineo

  Parga, Father

  Paris, Peace of (1763)

  Parkman, Francis

  Parris, Betty

  Parris, Samuel

  Pastorius, Francis

  Pate, John

  patroonships

  Patuxents

  Patuxets

  Pavonia

  Pawnees

  Paxton, Pennsylvania

  Paxton Boys

  Peach War (1655)

  Peale, Charles Willson

  peas

  Penn, John

  Penn, Thomas

  Penn, William

  establishes Pennsylvania

  relations with Native Americans

  invites German immigrants to Pennsylvania

  death

  Penn family

  Pennsylvania: establishment

  map of

  and Glorious Revolution

  administration of tax laws

  conference with Iroquois

  and War of the Spanish Succession

  political strife leads to changes in government style

  agriculture

  flour

  fur trade

  indentured servants

  protectionism

  paper money

  families

  women's lives

  religion in eighteenth century in

  German immigrants

  education

  printing

  Native Americans in

  eighteenth-century immigration

  politics after 1690

  local government

  intercolonial conflicts

  factional fighting

  and Ohio trade

  attends Albany Congress

  and French and Indian War

  militia

  promises to return some land to Delawares

  takes over more Indian land

  Pontiac's Rebellion

  deteriorating relationships with Native Americans

  Pennsylvania, University of

  Pennsylvania Gazette

  Pensacola

  Peoria

  Pepperell, William

  Pequot War (1637)

  Pequots

  Percival, John Viscount

  Perth Amboy

 

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