Peters, Richard
Petuns
Philadelphia
foundation
pre-eminence as trading center
silver industry
indentured servants
eighteenth-century wealth
standard of living
equality
businesswomen
first presbytery formed
libraries
Academy of Philadelphia
Whitefield preaches in
education
newspapers
interest in science
opposition to slavery
in eighteenth century
local government
politics
Philip, King (Native American)
Philip II, king of Spain
Philippines
Philipse, Adolphe
Philipse, Frederick
Phips, Sir William
Pickawillany
Pierce, Captain
Piercy, Abraham
Pietists
pigs see hogs
Pilgrims
Pinckney, Eliza Lucas
pirates see privateers and pirates
Piscataways
pitch and tar
Pitt, William
Pittsburgh (Fort Duquesne)
Pizarro, Francisco de
plantations
Ploughman, Matthew
Plymouth: foundation and early days
becomes part of United Colonies
relations with Native Americans
reaction to and effects of Restoration
and King Philip's War
merged into Dominion of New England by James II
incorporated into Massachusetts
Plymouth Company (later Council for New England)
Pocahontas
Poducks
Pokanokets
political organization: Native American
western European
early English colonies
New England
New France
New Netherland
Maryland
West Indies
New York
relationship between Crown and colonies under Charles II
Carolinas
Virginian voting rights curtailed
Massachusetts struggles with Crown over validity of charter
Pennsylvania's charter marks increase in power of Crown and Parliament
Pennsylvania's frame of government and charter of liberties
Crown's creation of Dominion of New England leads to struggles
Glorious Revolution alleviates situation but retains some Crown powers
Crown administration in New York
proprietary government overthrown in Maryland
beginnings of shared colonial rhetoric of rights
Parliament's growing role as colonial administrator
William and Mary's colonial policy
Board of Trade created to manage colonial affairs
Carolinas oust proprietary officials
political strife in Pennsylvania leads to changes in government style
New Jersey
New France
changes in Native American structures in seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
Georgia
overview of developments after 1690
local government
disputes between Crown and colonies
provincial assemblies
political parties and factions
rewards for colonial elites
nationality of colonial officeholders
constitutional relationship between Crown and assemblies
development of republicanism
Albany Congress constitutes landmark in colonial cooperation
Franklin draws up plan for colonial union for defense
challenge to Great Britain of governing extended American territories after French and Indian War
see also bills of rights; democracy, development of
Pomeiock
Ponce de León, Juan
Pontiac's Rebellion (1763)
Popé
Pope's Day
Popham, Sir George
population: precontact Native American
western European
colonial
growth in African American
New France
Louisiana
Texas
urban opposed to rural
Port Royal, Nova Scotia
Porter, Israel
Porto Bello
Portsmouth, New Hampshire
Portugal: exploration and colonization
Spanish takeover
Pory, John
Potawatomis
Potomac River
Potomacs
pottery see ceramics
poultry
poverty
see also social welfare
Powhatan (Wahunsonacock), Chief
Powhatan Confederacy: rise
location
with Virginia
1622 massacre
destruction
Pownall, Thomas
Presbyterians
Presque Isle
Prideaux, General
Princeton (formerly College of New Jersey)
printing
privateers and pirates: in sixteenth century
in seventeenth century
in eighteenth century
Proclamation of 1763
Proctor, Elizabeth
Proctor, John
property rights: European and Native American concepts compared
English women's compared with Dutch women's
colonial women
free African Americans
French colonial women
see also land ownership
protectionism
Protestant work ethic
Providence, Rhode Island
publishing
Pueblo Indians
Pueblo Revolt (1680)
Puerto Rico
Punkapaug
Puritans: reasons for wanting to emigrate
establishment of colonies
beliefs and practices
political organization in Massachusetts
New England schism
church government in Massachusetts
clergy training
and Restoration religious settlement
worries that growing colonial wealth will decrease religious zeal
growing religious dissent
Half-Way Covenant allows for baptism of children of non-elect
reaction to Andros's attempt to introduce toleration in Massachusetts
attitude to witches
attitude to childrearing
sexual mores
women's lives
attitude to music
attitude to holidays
Putnam, Ann
Putnam, Thomas
Pynchon, John
Pynchon, William
Quakers: beliefs and practices
first arrivals in America
in New Netherland
and Restoration settlement
Puritan persecution
and Pennsylvania
Keithian Schism
rural suspicion of
unhappiness in Carolinas
manufacturing skills
ethical approach to business
average marriage age
attitude to childrearing
families
women's lives
attitude to marriage
treatment in New England in eighteenth century
attitude to education
interest in science
attitude to slavery
and oaths
talk of disenfranchising in Pennsylvania
and New Jersey politics
and Pennsylvania politics
Quapaws
Québec
missions
early days
Eng
lish capture (1629)
English attacks
growth and trade
Wolfe takes (1759)
Queen Anne's War see Spanish Succession, War of the
quo warranto proceedings: definition
race issues: interracial marriage and sexual relations
development of concept of “white people,”
see also Native Americans; slavery and slave trade
racism: origins and development of concept
Rale, Father Sébastien
Raleigh, Sir Walter
Ramón, Captain Domingo
Randolph, Edward
rape
Raritan Valley
Red River
refinement
Reformation
Regulator movement
religion: precontact
Reformation
role in England's foreign policy
role in colonization
as driver of colonization
role in New England government
attempted conversion of Native Americans
preference of Native Americans for Catholic over Protestant practices
Dutch policy of religious toleration
role in establishment of Maryland
Maryland passes toleration act
Restoration settlement and its effects
New York's toleration
conversion of Native Americans continues
toleration in Carolinas
growing dissent in Massachusetts
Native American resentment of missionary activity
some Native American converts sold into slavery
toleration in Pennsylvania
Andros tries to introduce toleration in Massachusetts
James II attempts to reverse Reformation
toleration restricted in Massachusetts
dissension in Carolinas
Spanish missions
spiritual education
developments after Glorious Revolution
some measure of toleration in England
Great Awakening
churches' role in education
churches' role in spread of libraries
church music
Sabbath entertainments
slaves
female religious communities
English missions to Native Americans
converted Native Americans in New France
as driver of eighteenth-century immigration
persecution of dissenters in Ireland
growing dissension after 1740
Catholics' voting rights
Maryland fears of Catholics
religious dissent's influence on growth of republicanism
see also individual sects and religions
republicanism, development of
reservations
reserves
Restoration
Revere, Paul: drawings by
revivalism see Great Awakening
Rhode Island: establishment
and Pequot War
left out of United Colonies
charter confirmed
reaction to and effect of Restoration
and King Philip's War
conflict with James II
joins Dominion of New England
Glorious Revolution settlement returns charter
Bellomont made commander of militia
and slave trade
religious toleration in
politics after 1690
voting rights
intercolonial conflicts
attends Albany Congress
Ribaut, Jean
rice
Richardson, Samuel
rights: in seventeenth century
beginnings of shared colonial rhetoric of rights
civil rights denied to blacks
see also bills of rights; property rights
Rio de Janeiro
Rio Grande
Rittenhouse, David
Roanoke Island
Roberts, Widow
Robie, Thomas
Robinson, John
Rogers's Rangers
Rolfe, John
Roman Catholics: persecution in England
establishment of Maryland
converted Native Americans in New France
colonial attitude to
James II attempts to bring to power in England
Spanish missions to Native Americans
excluded from toleration in Pennsylvania
Pope's Day demonstrations against
animosity of Carolinians to Spanish Catholics
immigrants not welcome
voting rights
Maryland fears of
see also Jesuits
Roosevelt, Theodore
Rousby, Christopher
Rowlandson, Mary
Roxbury
Royal Africa Company
Royal Navy: and trade protection
and piracy
at Cartagena
and War of Jenkins' Ear
and invasion of New France
and French and Indian War
Royal Society, London
rum
Russia Company
Rutgers
Ryswick, Treaty of (1697)
Sagadahoc
Sagard, Father Gabriel
Sagard, Pierre
Sagayenkwaraton
sailmaking
Salem (Naumkeag)
witchcraft trials
Samoset
San Antonio
San Gabriel
San Miguel de los Adaes
Sandusky
Sandys, George
Sandys, Sir Edwin
sanitation
Santa Elena, Point of
Santa Fe
Santa Marta
Santees
Santo Domingo (formerly Hispaniola)
Saponis
Sauks
Savannah
Savannahs
Saybrook Platform
scalp taking
Schenectady
schools see education and training
Schuyler, Peter
Schuyler, Philip
science
scire facias warrants: definition
Scotland: Scottish merchants and tobacco industry
poverty
Scottish immigrants
Scots-Irish immigrants
sculpture: precontact
Secotan
selectmen
Seminoles
Senecas: join Iroquois Five Nations
French and allied Indians attack
rumors of attack in Maryland
alliance with France
and French and Indian War
propose pan-Indian alliance against British
see also Iroquois; Mingoes
servants: use of children as
slaves as domestic
see also indentured servants
Sewall, Samuel
sewers
sexual mores: Native American
age of consent
colonial society
slave stereotypes
Pueblo Indians
Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley, earl of
Shakespeare, William
Shamokin
Shawnees: conflict with Iroquois
Pennsylvania invites to resettle there
alliance with La Salle
return to Ohio Valley
overview of migrations
in Ohio Valley
and French and Indian War
see also Savannahs
sheep
Shenandoah Valley
shipbuilding
shipping
Shirley, William
shoemaking
shopping see consumerism
Shute, Governor
Shuterees
silk
silver: raw metal in New Spain
colonial industry
singing
Siouans
slavery and slave trade: Native American attitude
beginning of African
statistics and effects of trade in Africans
English involvement
in early English colonies
Native Americans sold into slavery
Dutch trade
Dutch model
West Indies
slave control mechanisms
Carolinas
increased reliance on in Virginia
Pennsylvania
regulation disputes in Carolinas
Native Americans raid each other for slaves in southern colonies
last significant enslavement of Native Americans
South Carolina intensifies dependence
denounced by Quakers
English share
overview of southern usage
slaves processing indigo
slaving voyages
reasons for comparative lack of slaves in North
slaves' standard of living
slaves' family life
racism's role in justifying
slaves' marriage and relationship rights
and Great Awakening
overview of changing colonial experience
Georgia
as legal institution
slaves' experiences
humaneness
map of major slaveholding regions, 348; food and housing
slaves as domestic servants
family life
culture
naming
slaves and religion
resistance to
questioning of morality
trade in Native Americans in New Mexico
New France
Louisiana
disruption caused to Native American interrelationships
tax on Virginian slave imports
creates political consensus in Virginia
consequences of French and Indian War for slaves
Sloughter, Colonel Henry
Smith, Adam
Smith, Captain John (Virginia)
Smith, Elizabeth Murray
Smith, John (Philadelphia)
Smith, Sir Thomas
Smith, William
Smollett, Tobias
smuggling
socage: definition
social life
social mobility
social structures: precontact
western European
Spanish colonies
early English colonies
New France
Maryland
West Indies
changes in Virginia
rank and class in colonial society
social hierarchy in England
rank and class as affecting women
social aspiration and manners
class and social activities
New France
see also families; marriage; political organization
social welfare
Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge
Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (SPG)
Society of Friends see Quakers
Songhay empire
Soto, Hernando de
South Carolina: early days
rice cultivation
religious dissent
attacks Spanish Florida
Tuscarora War
Yamasee War
proprietary government overthrown
indigo cultivation
Colonial America Page 96