Mitterrand

by Philip Short

Royer, Jean, 278

  RPF (Rally of the French People), 138, 146, 153–6, 161, 275n, 586

  RPF (Rwandan Patriotic Front), 538, 540–3, 586, 660n1

  RPR (Rally for the Republic), 275n, 305, 309, 424, 430, 435, 456–60, 467, 469n, 492n, 533–4, 586, 643n52, 651n60

  Russia, 16, 36, 166, 186–7, 230–1, 239, 247–8, 254, 257, 272, 290, 307, 312–13, 334, 338, 478, 514, 536, 547, 634n5, 641n35, 647n36

  in wartime, 40, 52, 68, 71, 94n, 131

  fears of domination by, 145–6, 158–9, 162, 281, 312

  and Mitterrand, 292–3, 295–6, 302, 326–8, 330–3, 335–9, 377, 392, 397–400, 403–6, 439–41, 497, 511, 636n23, 637–8nn1 & 8–10, 646–7nn28, 32 & 35, 656–7nn42–3

  economic system, 272, 404n, 439, 646n27

  and Afghanistan, 307, 323, 398, 406 656n33

  and nuclear deployment, 323, 329–32, 396, 398, 401, 404, 439–40, 587

  and espionage, 326–8, 396, 401, 638nn8–10

  ‘special relationship’ with France, 330, 404

  and Western Europe, 330, 335–7, 398, 440

  and Germany, 472–5, 480–1

  break-up of Soviet empire, 471–2, 474, 481–2, 507–11, 519, 647n35, 654nn15 & 17, 655n19, 656n40

  and Balkan wars, 521, 546, 548

  Rwanda, 494, 537–44, 549, 660nn1–4 and Operation Turquoise, 542–4, 551

  SAC (Service d’Action Civique), 225, 255

  Saddam Hussein, 349, 496–501, 650n58

  Sadegh, Mohamed, 649–50n53

  Saint-Just, Louis-Antoine de, 220, 222, 226, 630n7

  Saint-Simon, duc de, 211

  Sakharov, Andrei, 398–90, 646n24

  Salan, General Raoul, 185, 192, 215, 556, 586, 623–5nn18 & 33, 627n5

  Salazar, Antonio de Oliveira, 31

  Saleh, Fouad Ali, 449

  Salem, Selim Abu, 640n27

  Salengro, Roger, 6, 532, 659–60n58

  SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty), 329, 442, 587

  Salzmann, Charles, 292, 305, 307, 311, 635–6n17, 646nn24 & 26

  Samedi Soir, 148

  Sanguinetti, Admiral Antoine, 313

  Sangnier, Marc, 600n23, 615n22

  Sarajevo, 523–5, 544–8

  parliamentary list, 549–50

  Sarkozy, Nicolas, 1, 393, 534, 560, 569, 629n3, 645n17

  Sarrazin, Francis, 37

  Sarrazin, Marie-Claire, 60, 66–8, 76, 88, 112, 603n21

  Sartre, Jean-Paul, 3, 233

  Saud bin Faisal, Prince (Saudi Foreign Minister), 497

  Saudi Arabia, 340, 498

  Saulnier, General Jean, 444

  Saumur, 38

  Saunier, Georges, x

  Savary, Alain, 185, 203, 264, 275, 586

  and Congress of Épinay, 265–8

  and ‘schools quarrel’, 314, 386–8, 390–1, 644–5nn12, 14 & 16

  Schaala, 54, 62, 65–7, 577, 602n13

  Scheer, François, 328

  Schlesinger, Helmut, 528–9

  Schmidt, Helmut, 328–32, 359, 474

  Schoelcher, Victor, 315

  Schuman, Robert, 144–6, 148

  Schumann, Maurice, 93, 158, 255, 605n21, 607n37, 609–10n52

  Schuschnigg, Kurt, 441

  Schweimowitch, Jakub, 612–13n71

  Sciences-Po (Institut des Sciences Politiques), 25, 32

  SDI (Strategic Defence Initiative), 396, 400–5, 438, 440, 587

  Séchan, Madeleine, 288, 635n17

  ‘Second Left’, 298–300

  Seguela, Jacques, 307–8

  Séguin, Philippe, 456

  Séguy, Georges, 249

  Serbia, 52, 519–26, 544–8, 658nn53–4

  Servan-Schreiber, Jean-Jacques, 7, 207, 227, 233, 259

  Servant, Henri, 649n51

  Service d’Ordre Légionnaire, 68

  Seurat, Michel, 419, 421, 427, 649–50nn53 & 58

  Sève, Lucien, 636n21

  Shamir, Yitzhak, 352, 494–5, 502, 655n28

  Sharon, Ariel, 343–4

  Shevardnadze, Eduard, 476, 479

  Shultz, George, 336, 342–3, 639n17

  Sihanouk, King Norodom, 579

  [Le] Sillon, 31, 600n23, 615n22

  Simon, Alain, 627n9

  Slovenia, 519–21

  Smith, Ian, 446

  Soares, Mário, 292, 315

  Socialist International, 272–3, 293

  Socialist Party (1920–69: SFIO), 146, 160, 192, 202, 242–3, 260, 263, 385, 586

  and Mitterrand, 132–3, 135, 156–7, 198, 226, 232, 256, 615n20, 617n29

  in tripartite governments (1945–1947), 130, 135, 137–40

  and 1956 elections, 180

  and 1958 elections, 201

  and Communist Party, 230, 632n29, 634n5

  and 1965 presidential election, 228, 231–2, 235, 235n, 240–1

  and 1968 elections, 256–7

  and 1969 presidential election, 258–9

  Socialist Party (1969–71: New), 264–8

  Congress of Épinay, 265–8, 288, 634–5n8

  Socialist Party (post-1971), 276, 296–7, 314, 322, 369, 428–9, 443, 468, 499, 505, 534

  and Mitterrand, 13, 263–70, 273–8, 282–4, 288–9, 298–304, 319–20, 362–3, 372–3, 376, 395, 426, 459, 465–70, 488–90, 502, 507, 531, 535, 554, 556, 578, 580–2, 636n1

  (1972) ‘programme of government’, 269–70

  ‘Common Programme’ with Communists, 270–3, 276–8, 282, 290–7, 364, 385, 636n20

  and 1974 presidential election, 277–9, 279n, 282

  financing, 295, 299–300, 487–8, 492n

  and Rocard, 298, 300–2, 535, 549–50

  ‘110 Propositions’, 302, 304, 308, 384–5, 459

  archaism, 363–5

  and austerity programme, 366–7, 372–4, 376, 393, 643n52

  and ‘schools war’, 385–90, 393

  and 1988 presidential election, 459–60, 653n23

  and poverty, 484–6

  and 1992 local elections, 507

  and 1993 elections, 529–31

  Society of Mary, 25

  Society of St Vincent de Paul, 31

  Soir-Express, 129

  Solidarnos̗ć, 335, 471

  Solutré, 467

  Solzhenitsyn, Alexander, 292

  [La] Sorbonne, 25

  Soros, George, 486, 487n, 528

  Soucelles, 89

  Soudet, Laurence, ix, 235n, 240, 246–7, 288, 593, 595, 631nn20 & 22, 635n17

  Soudet, Pierre, 240

  Soustelle, Jacques, 181–2, 185, 207, 215, 583, 586, 610n56

  Spain, 3, 50, 293, 315, 321, 324n, 346, 346n, 379n, 437, 555, 579, 584, 659n56

  Special Operations Executive (SOE), 72, 85, 89, 94n, 96–7, 587, 610nn58–9

  Spinelli, Altiero, 158

  Split, 523

  Stalag IXA, 48–54, 56–8, 60, 63, 66, 68, 72, 79, 84, 87, 142, 355, 522, 575, 601n38, 601–2nn1, 4, 6, 8, 12 & 14

  Stalin, Joseph, 40, 93, 271, 400, 405, 471–2

  Stalingrad, 71

  Stasse, François, 631n20

  Stavisky, Alexandre, 1

  Steg, Adolphe, 359, 528, 551–2

  Stendhal, 32, 211

  Steverlynck, Pierre, 103–4, 612–13n71

  Stibbe, Pierre, 233

  STO (Service de Travail Obligatoire), 98

  Strausse-Kahn, Dominique, 506

  Styron, William, 315

  Suez crisis, 186–7, 263, 623n17

  Super-NAP (Noyautage des Administrations Publiques), 77, 86–7, 104, 587

  Suslov, Mikhail, 293

  Sweden, 315, 486, 518n, 643–4n53

  Switzerland, 54, 207, 312, 379n, 420, 443, 498, 639–40n23, 652n16

  Syria, 345, 347, 351–2, 414, 419–21, 448, 501, 641nn34–5, 649nn49–51 & 53, 656n35

  Tangmere, 89, 609n49

  Tanzania, 544

  Tapie, Bernard, 549–50

  Tarot, Jean-Pierre, 553, 565, 573–4, 577–8, 660n9, 661n9

  Teissier, Elizabeth, 321, 577

  Les
temps modernes, 233

  Terrasse, André, 34, 38, 41, 43–4, 56–7, 602n15

  Terrasse, François, 101

  Terrasse, Jean-Marc, 600n31

  Terrasse, Marie-Louise, 33–6, 38, 40–4, 46, 56–59, 63–4, 72, 101, 112–13, 115–16, 148, 197, 209, 213, 319, 600–1nn26, 28, 31 & 34, 604n18

  Terrasse, Marthe, 35, 43–4, 57, 600n28

  terrorism

  in Brittany, Corsica and the Pays Basque, 346n

  Middle Eastern, 344–7, 349–53, 412–22, 427–8, 436, 447–52, 639–41nn20–28, 30–2 & 34, 648–51nn48–54 & 59–60, 653n27

  Thatcher, Margaret, 296, 329, 333, 338–9, 374–5, 383, 418, 420, 436, 470, 483, 507, 519

  and Mitterrand, 377–82, 394, 399, 400, 404, 406, 440–2, 474–5, 477–81, 497–8, 512, 561–2, 568, 570, 644nn1 & 8, 651–2nn9 & 17

  and Chirac, 437–8

  and break-up of Soviet empire, 471

  and German reunification, 475, 477–9

  Thénard, Baron Louis, 618n11

  Thevenin, Georges, 101, 121

  ‘Third Force government’, 137, 146, 156, 228

  Third Republic, 130, 137–8, 617n3

  Thorez, Maurice, 118, 142–3, 229–30, 239, 270, 617nn1 & 8, 630n13

  Thorp, René-William, 235n

  Tillion, Germaine, 614–15n12

  Tillon, Charles, 144

  de Tissot, Noel, 605n19

  Tito, Marshal Josip Broz, 522, 538

  Tixier-Vignancour, Jean-Louis, 169, 207, 236–8, 278, 627–8nn6 & 9–10, 631–2n25

  Tjibaou, Jean-Marie, 585

  de Tocqueville, Alexis, 313

  Togo, 493–4

  Tolstoy, Count Leo, 16, 32, 298

  Torri, Paul, 452

  Toubon, Jacques, 643n52

  Touffait, Adolphe, 627n6

  Tourlier, Pierre, 354n, 355n, 552–3, 578, 660n9

  Touvent, 16, 21, 23–4, 101, 246, 454, 565, 599n17, 633n34

  Touvier, Paul, 556–7

  Traboulsi, Samir, 486, 487n

  Trefusis, Violet, 246, 633n35

  ‘Tripartite government’, 130, 134, 137, 139, 144

  Tron, Ludovic, 629n1

  le Troquer, André, 624–5n33

  Trotot, Caroline, x

  Trotsky, Leon, 608n43

  Truman, Harry, 118, 143–5

  Tudjman, Franjo, 523

  Tunisia, 170–3, 174n, 188, 342, 449n,

  655n21

  Turkey, 472, 500, 583

  UDF (Union for French Democracy), 275n, 305, 424, 428–9, 445, 457, 459, 467, 469–70, 492n, 534, 587

  UDSR (Democratic Socialist Union of the Resistance), 133, 139, 149, 153, 156, 158–9, 161, 179–80, 192, 195, 198, 202–3, 274, 587, 616n24, 617nn1–2, 618n20

  and Mitterrand, 138, 140, 146, 153–4, 156–7, 179–80, 188, 190, 198, 208–9, 219, 229, 235, 274, 275n, 289, 299, 319, 616–17nn25 & 28, 618–19nn16 & 26, 631n22

  and Algeria, 176, 188

  UFD (Union of Democratic Forces), 202

  Uganda, 537–9, 544, 586, 660n3

  Ukraine, 474, 476–7, 510–11, 656n40

  Ullman, André, 607n34

  UMP (Union pour un Mouvement Populaire), 469n, 586–7

  Union of the Left, 256, 264, 268, 282, 289, 291–2, 295–7, 301

  L’Unité, 277

  United Kingdom, 129, 141n, 143, 153, 186, 199, 214, 220, 247, 248n, 269, 273, 275, 293, 317, 344, 346, 352–3, 362–3, 378, 388, 397, 422, 440, 443, 449n, 470, 475, 486, 506–7, 536, 538–9, 541, 581, 632n28, 638–40nn9, 23 & 26, 643–4n53, 657n44

  pre-war, 19, 28–9, 32, 37–8, 40, 478, 598n4

  in wartime, 40, 52, 62, 65, 68, 73n, 96–7, 105, 120, 149–50

  colonial policy, 150, 655n25

  and Europe, 329, 339, 377, 380–2, 477, 483, 512–18, 518n, 519, 528–9, 561–2, 644nn2, 4 & 6–8, 645n9, 658n50

  and United States, 330, 378, 404, 436, 511, 513, 515

  hostages in Lebanon, 412, 414, 418, 420, 452, 649–50n53, 652n16

  and first Gulf War, 496, 498–500

  and Balkan wars, 520–2, 525–7, 545–6, 548–9

  UNPROFOR (United Nations Protection Force), 522, 525, 544–6, 548, 587

  United Nations Security Council, 342, 352, 451, 496, 499, 511, 526, 541–2, 545

  United States of America, 23, 38, 40, 52, 68, 145, 158–62, 214, 216, 228, 239, 244, 247–8, 251, 275, 278, 353, 378, 384–5, 388, 422, 429, 443, 470, 519n, 536, 539, 541, 556, 581, 643–4n53, 657n44

  wartime role in France, 79–80, 83, 105, 107, 118, 125–6, 149, 615n15

  and French Communist ministers, 323–5, 328, 637n1

  and Mitterrand, 290, 304, 312–13, 322–6, 328, 331–9, 367, 375, 377, 392, 396–8, 400–6, 439–42, 496–7, 511, 513–15, 568–71, 646n28, 647n29, 658–9n55

  perceived in France as a hegemon, 186–7, 302, 325, 335–8, 401–3, 514

  and Middle East, 342–4, 346, 348, 350–2, 412, 414, 417, 436, 448, 452, 501–2, 639–40nn17, 23 & 25, 641n34, 648–9n48, 656n35

  support of Latin American dictatorships, 334, 337, 378, 397

  and ‘enhanced interrogations’, 104n, 177n

  and Europe, 325, 329–30, 331–3, 335–7, 362, 366–7, 375, 402, 404–6, 438, 440–2, 481–3, 512, 527

  and nuclear deterrence, 329–32, 438–42

  military presence in western Europe, 513–15, 651–2n9, 658–9nn55–6

  and Russia, 335–6, 396–8, 400, 403–6, 439–40, 508, 511, 638n9, 646–7nn28 & 32, 651–2n9

  and Germany, 336, 402, 472–5, 478, 654n18

  and first Gulf War, 496, 498–500

  and Balkan wars, 521, 525, 527, 545–8

  Urbanet, 488

  USSR (Soviet Union), see Russia

  Vance, Cyrus, 522, 545

  Varenne, Max, 67

  Vaujour, Jean, 174n

  Vauzelle, Michel, 318

  Védrine, Hubert, x, 337, 506, 509, 529–30, 533, 546–7, 551–2

  Védrine, Jean, 84, 88, 119, 604n14

  Veil, Antoine, 555

  Veil, Simone, 555–6

  Vendroux, Jacques, 252

  Verbrugge, Pierre, 356

  Vercingetorix, 572

  Verdier, Jean, 3

  Verdun, 45, 61, 66, 383–4, 554, 579

  Verlaine, Paul, 3

  Vernier-Palliez, Bernard, 343–4

  Vetrov, Vladimir, see Farewell

  Veuillot, Archbishop Pierre, 597n2

  Viansson-Ponté, Pierre, 227, 233, 237, 281

  Vichy, 73n, 74n, 75, 75n, 76–7, 79–81, 98, 110, 122–3, 127–8, 139, 162, 182, 197, 313, 585–7

  and Mitterrand, 9, 13, 60–5, 67–74, 73–8, 82–3, 84–7, 89–90, 92–3, 100, 102, 104, 106, 110, 112, 117–18, 127–8, 165, 197, 203, 233, 238, 261, 313–14, 339, 553–5, 557–8, 565–8, 581, 604n18, 607n34

  Vienne (département de la), 617n27

  Vietnam, 160–2, 247–8, 323, 324n, 350, 526

  Vigier, Jean-Louis, 620n35

  Vigouroux, Robert, 655n24

  Villiers, Georges, 235n

  Vilnet, Mgr Jean, 645n14

  Voiron, Maurice, 661n6

  Voivodina, 522

  Votre Beauté, 129

  Waldeck Rochet, Émile, 229–30, 232, 239–40, 242, 249, 257, 270–1, 630n16

  Wałęsa, Lech, 471

  Walters, Vernon, 338, 403, 479, 654n15

  Warisse, Jean, 90, 608n42, 610–11n62

  Warsaw Pact, 473, 481–2, 511, 655n19

  Washington Post, 166

  Weinberger, Caspar, 350, 401, 449

  Welles, Orson, 147

  Western European Union, see European defence

  Westgate-on-Sea, 23, 599n14

  ‘White Hand’, 172, 182

  Wiesel, Elie, 74, 565–6, 576, 660–1(Ch16)n1

  Williams, Lieut.-Cmdr. Philip, 610n59

  Wilson, Harold, 272–3

  Wilson, Thomas Woodrow, 14

  Wybot, Roger, 164–5

  Yalta, 271, 405

  Yanayev, Gennady, 508–9

  Yel
tsin, Boris, 509–10, 548–9, 567, 579

  Yugoslavia, 417, 511, 519–27, 536, 538, 543–9, 658–9nn53–5

  Zeller, Colonel Henri, 85

  Ziegenhain, see Stalag IXA

  Zimmermann, 140–1, 617n8

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