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command style of, 5–6, 40–41, 42, 54–55, 111, 177–78, 179, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 190, 191–92, 197, 201, 202, 215, 218, 219, 220, 222, 226–27, 240, 246, 247, 249, 250, 257–65, 266, 296, 303, 304, 317, 333, 340, 355, 356, 388, 390, 391, 399, 406, 409–10, 415, 464–65, 482, 531, 543
Confederate army commissioning of, 51
Confederate flag shroud of, 554
Confederate officers in conflicts with, 182, 185–91, 257, 258–63, 304, 464–65, 497, 503, 515–16
Confederate soldiers’ love of, 301–2, 310, 321, 322–33, 367, 378, 389, 404, 416, 484, 486, 527–28, 531, 538, 545, 552, 554, 555
Confederate troops’ admiration of, 296
Confederate uniform of, 251
conversational awkwardness of, 121–22
Dabney’s biography of, 568
daily domestic routine of, 153–54
Davis’s fall 1861 meeting with, 171, 172, 387
Davis’s relationship with, 45, 51, 53, 171, 172, 178, 185, 186–87, 189, 190, 196, 386–87, 392, 552
death of, 133, 546–51, 552–56
deserter treatment by, 409–10
D. H. Hill’s friendship with, 104, 105, 108, 115, 117, 123, 130, 131, 132, 133, 142, 144, 148, 152, 262, 333, 336, 450, 472, 483, 489, 515
diet of, 15, 55, 112, 125, 140, 225, 258, 338, 390, 473
drawing ability of, 303, 346
education of, 15, 127, 138, 139, 303, 341–42, 343–47
1862 Christmas dinner of, 509–10
English cathedrals admired by, 483, 511
Ewell’s relationship with, 5, 246, 247, 250, 260, 266–68, 269–70, 271, 281, 322–23, 473
exercising by, 112, 125
extended family of, 137–38, 139
fall 1861 promotion of, 175
fearlessness of, 327
February 1862 reinforcement request by, 196
female confidantes of, 136
final rail journey of, 557, 560–61
1st Virginia Brigade trained by, 52–56
first Civil War combat experience of, 49–51, 61
first Civil War command of, 5, 35, 37–45, 47, 49–51
first combat experience of, 105, 106, 107
in First Manassas Battle, 4, 6, 69, 73, 76, 79–80, 84–94, 98, 103, 233
First Manassas Battle orders to, 63–64, 66, 67
first marriage of, 141, 142–48; see also Jackson, Elinor Junkin (Ellie)
in Fredericksburg Battle, 494, 496, 497, 498, 499, 500, 502, 503
Fredericksburg march of, 492
gardening skills of, 135, 153, 517
gifts received by, 389, 465, 486–87, 509, 517
in Harpers Ferry evacuation, 48
Harpers Ferry’s retaking by, 453–54, 456, 457, 458–60, 461, 478, 480
health issues of, 15, 112, 113, 124–26, 140, 198, 344, 484
heroic status of, 6–7, 8, 73, 100–103, 110, 186, 189, 225–26, 256, 295–96, 298, 301–2, 321, 331–35, 336, 338, 339, 340, 348, 349, 352, 367, 378, 388–89, 391, 392, 404, 406–7, 416, 448–50, 459, 460, 482, 483, 484–86, 527–28, 531, 538, 545, 552–62
horse of, see Little Sorrel
at John Brown trial, 23–24, 182, 302
Johnston’s command over, 47–48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 100, 178, 179, 180, 188, 190, 196, 200, 201, 207, 215, 223, 268, 269, 270, 271
kindness of, 54–55, 122, 126, 334, 346–47, 465, 503
Lee’s command over, 336, 338, 339, 348, 349, 352, 354–56, 357, 358–60, 361, 364, 365–66, 367, 371–73, 374–78, 379–80, 381, 382, 386, 387, 388, 392, 393, 398, 399, 407, 437, 448, 473, 503, 525, 529, 530, 544, 545, 546; see also 2nd Corps, Confederate
Lee’s promotion of, 393, 489
Lee’s relationship with, 35–36, 41, 44, 45, 244–45, 263, 270, 271, 367, 375, 388, 448, 509, 512, 517, 525, 528, 529, 530, 544, 545, 546, 550
Lexington burial of, 550, 560, 561–62
Lincoln’s concerns about, 288, 289, 299, 300
Lincoln’s valley campaign strategy against, 7, 299–301, 305–9, 312, 313, 326
logistical skills of, 41
Longstreet’s relationship with, 334, 337
Lost Cause movement’s praise of, 572
McClellan’s relationship with, 99, 345
McGuire’s writings about, 567
Maggie Junkin’s relationship with, 143–44, 145, 148–50, 151, 152–53
Maggie Preston’s writings about, 566
map-maker for, 265; see also Hotchkiss, Jedediah
in Maryland march, 451
math and science aptitude of, 127, 138, 341
memory of, 128
Mexican-American War service of, 16, 29, 33, 34, 36, 80, 104–9, 117, 121, 130, 143, 345, 404
military protocol breaches by, 113–14, 269–70, 406
military secrecy of, 5–6, 181, 184, 185, 197, 201, 219, 220, 222, 226, 227, 246, 249, 250, 257, 266, 296, 333, 355, 356, 399, 406, 415, 543
monuments to, 133, 568
nicknames of, 4, 49, 90, 103, 129, 181, 324
Northern invasion plan of, 172–74, 303, 336, 338, 388, 396, 448
Northern mourning for, 558–60
Northern reputation of, 8, 24, 288, 289, 299, 300, 301, 308, 312, 319, 332–33, 334, 339, 356, 361, 369, 389–90, 405, 407, 449, 459, 460, 558–60
Northern soldiers’ admiration for, 332–33, 405, 407, 449
orphaning of, 137, 139
personality of, 6, 14–16, 34, 39, 41, 47, 55, 105, 111, 112–17, 118, 121–24, 125, 126, 128–29, 130, 131, 132, 133, 135–50, 151–54, 157, 180–81, 184, 197–98, 258, 260, 303, 305, 334, 340, 342, 344–45, 346–47, 390–91, 449, 465, 482–89, 509, 510–12, 516–18, 527
personal wealth of, 154, 514
physical appearance of, 4, 5, 14, 34, 38, 55, 119–20, 251, 366–67, 374–75, 398, 404, 416, 427, 459, 482–83, 484, 497, 548, 553
physical exhaustion of, 317, 322, 323, 355–56, 360, 376, 377, 382, 398
political views of, 17, 21–22, 27, 28, 30–31
Pope criticized by, 396
post-Romney political troubles of, 185–91, 260–61, 387
in pre-Antietam planning, 453, 455
pre-Chancellorsville movements of, 521–22, 523, 525–27
pre–First Manassas troop movements by, 60, 62, 63, 64, 65–66
pre–Second Manassas flanking march of, 413–18, 449, 527
pre–Second Manassas movements of, 413–18, 419–22, 439
prewar reputation of, 33, 38, 45, 51, 109; see also Virginia Military Institute (VMI), Jackson’s reputation at
private persona of, 135–50, 151–54, 157, 180–81, 184, 197–98, 334
public speaking fears of, 123, 126
religious faith of, 15, 17, 18–19, 24–25, 50, 55, 79, 101, 103, 106, 111, 112, 114, 122, 123, 126, 130, 132, 133, 134, 135, 140, 141, 142, 146–47, 148, 150, 154, 156, 157, 225, 236, 255, 256, 258–59, 269–70, 294, 325, 327, 333, 355, 380, 389, 392, 401, 407, 414, 483, 484, 486, 487–88, 500, 511, 513–15, 518, 527, 537, 544, 546–47, 549, 557–58, 562
Richmond funeral of, 553–55, 557, 561
in Romney Expedition, 178–79, 181–85, 187, 260, 331
Sabbath observance by, 18, 145, 216, 511
in Second Manassas Battle, 423–38, 440, 442–45, 473
Second Manassas defensive positions of, 422, 424, 427, 431–34, 435, 437
in Second Manassas planning, 411, 413
second marriage of, 15, 152–54; see also Jackson, Mary Anna Morrison (Anna)
sense of duty of, 14–15, 16, 25, 40, 47, 55, 106, 109, 130, 132, 133, 182, 188, 189, 190, 192, 236, 240, 259, 260, 261, 263, 264, 270, 304, 409
sense of humor of, 465, 488
in Seven Days aftermath, 386–92
in Seven Days campaign, 336, 338, 339, 348, 349, 352, 354–56, 357, 358–60, 361, 364, 365–67, 369, 371–73, 374–78, 379–80, 381, 382, 407, 473
Seven Days difficulties of, 354–55, 356, 357, 358–60, 363, 364–66, 371–73, 375–78, 399, 407, 473
Seven Day
s flanking marches of, 338, 339, 352, 354–55, 356, 357, 358–60, 361, 364, 365–66
Shields’s Valley campaign contest with, 205–7, 209, 211, 212, 213, 215, 216–17, 218, 227–28, 234, 306, 308–9, 310, 312–13, 315, 316, 318, 320, 321, 322, 323, 326, 334
single war council of, 201–2
sister of, see Arnold, Laura Jackson
slavery views of, 15, 17, 22, 142, 154–56
sleeping habits of, 123–24, 258, 317, 355, 376, 392
Southern mourning for, 552–56, 557, 560–62
Spanish fluency of, 135, 150, 512
spring 1863 position of, 521
staff of, 4, 42–43, 180, 264–65, 398, 509, 511, 512, 515, 553, 555, 568
strategic maneuvering by, 7, 256, 281, 282, 284, 291–92, 297, 335, 349
Stuart’s relationship with, 43, 406, 417, 488, 497, 509
supply lines of, 173, 207, 209, 245, 279, 300, 305, 414, 415
tactical prowess of, 7, 50, 178, 209, 216, 217, 218, 219, 249, 297–98, 315–16, 335, 464
temperance of, 305, 421, 459, 479, 489
total war philosophy of, 19, 45–46, 166, 170–71, 172–73, 396
travels of, 135, 145, 151, 483
troop training by, 37–42
US Army postings of, 111–18
in valley campaign, 6–7, 8, 204, 205–7, 209, 211, 212, 213, 215–16, 217, 218, 219–20, 221, 222–23, 224–25, 226–27, 228, 233, 234–36, 239, 240–56, 257–65, 266–73, 275, 277, 278–81, 282–87, 290, 291–98, 299, 300, 301–11, 312–21, 322–27
valley campaign proposals of, 172, 178–79, 183–84
valley campaign strategy of, 204, 207, 209, 244–46, 255, 256, 268, 271, 301, 303
view of war of, 17–19, 29, 106, 178, 190, 191, 503
at VMI, 14, 15, 16, 28, 29, 88, 89, 105, 111, 117–18, 119–26, 127–34, 135–36, 140, 141, 143, 146, 148, 151, 154, 155, 175, 180, 182, 185, 260, 344, 511, 531
water cures taken by, 125
“Winchester” portrait of, 484
Winchester retreat of, 200–201, 202, 203
winter 1861 weapons request of, 195–96
in winter 1861 Winchester quarters, 184, 189, 195, 196, 197
in winter of 1862–1863, 508–18
Jackson, Warren, 136, 137, 139
Jackson, W. L., 180
Jackson’s Mill, Va., 137–38, 139, 235, 341
Jefferson, Thomas, 556
“John Brown’s Body,” 513
John (slave), 509
Johnson, Andrew, 558
Johnson, Edward, 196, 240, 245, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 567
Johnston, Albert Sidney, 104
Johnston, Joseph E., 42
Anna’s introduction to, 175
Beauregard’s First Manassas strategy disagreement with, 67, 68
Benjamin’s relationship with, 187
communication methods of, 269
Davis’s relationship with, 172
early 1862 position of, 2, 201, 202, 203, 207, 244, 290
Ewell’s valley campaign orders from, 268, 269, 270, 271
at First Manassas Battle, 75, 76, 78, 84, 87, 93, 166
Harpers Ferry command assignment of, 47–48; see also Army of the Shenandoah Valley
Jackson’s service under, 47–48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 100, 178, 179, 180, 188, 190, 196, 200, 201, 207, 215, 223, 268, 269, 270, 271
McDowell’s prewar service under, 57
Mexican-American War service of, 48, 104
mid-July 1861 Virginia position of, 56, 60, 61, 62, 63, 66, 72
military reputation of, 47, 48
Northern invasion proposal of, 173
post–First Manassas force of, 167, 170, 175
post–First Manassas hero status of, 99, 100, 110, 338
Richmond departure of, 349
Romney Expedition’s endorsement by, 178, 179
wounding of, 3, 335, 338
Jomini, Antoine-Henri, 170
Jones, D. R., 75, 76, 476
Jones, John R., 466, 468, 469
Jones, J. R., 568
Jones, J. William, 326
Junkin, D. X., 142
Junkin, George, 28, 141–42, 143, 145, 152, 236, 438, 558–59, 566, 569
Junkin, George G., 180, 216, 236
Junkin, Julia (daughter), 147
Junkin, Julia (mother), 143, 146
Kansas, civil war in, 26
Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, 21
Kearny, Phil, 369, 382, 423, 432, 433, 436, 442, 445
Kemper, James L., 555
Kenly, John R., 274–75, 280–81, 283, 288
Kentucky:
Confederate losses in, 7
Union support in, 168
Kentucky long rifle, 230
Kernstown, Battle of, 212–28, 236, 237, 252, 258, 331
casualties in, 217, 222, 223, 226, 231, 236
Garnett’s retreat in, 224, 226, 258, 259, 260
Sandy Ridge fight in, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220–25, 226–27
strategic importance of, 227, 228, 234, 301
troop movements after, 234, 238, 239, 240–44, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250–51
Kernstown, Va.:
Army of the Valley’s camp near, 201
Ashby’s attack near, 209
Keyes, Erasmus, 345, 369, 374
Kimball, Nathan, 212–13, 216–17, 218–19, 220, 223, 224, 227, 318
King, Rufus, 427, 430
Knoxville, Tenn., Union defense of, 572
Lacy, B. Tucker, 514, 517, 518, 529, 530, 544, 545, 546, 550, 568
Lander, Frederick, 185, 191
Lane, James H., 128, 130, 499, 531–32, 539, 540
Law, Evander, 368
Lawton, Alexander, 466, 467, 468, 469
Lee, Custis, 554
Lee, Elizabeth Blair, 4
Lee, Fitzhugh, 528, 529, 535
Lee, Henry “Lighthorse Harry,” 337
Lee, Mary, 351
Lee, Richard, 223
Lee, Robert E., 337–38
Army of Northern Virginia appointment of, 3, 335
Burnside’s campaign against, 504; see also Fredericksburg, Battle of
Chancellorsville plan of, 528–32, 534, 535, 536, 538
Chancellorsville victory of, 545
Confederate officer treatment by, 259
confusing Seven Days orders of, 354–55, 358, 359, 360, 372, 373, 381
as Davis’s military adviser, 3, 44, 172, 244, 335
early command problems of, 335, 352, 378; see also Seven Days campaign, Lee’s mistakes in
early war strategy of, 68
Ewell’s description by, 247
fame of, 337, 363, 367, 448, 450, 528
in Fredericksburg Battle, 496, 501, 502, 519
Fredericksburg deployments of, 494, 496
in Fredericksburg prelude, 492, 493
in Gettysburg Battle, 560, 570, 571
in Harpers Ferry strategy debate, 44, 45, 48
in Hill-Jackson dispute, 515, 516
Hooker’s spring 1863 movements against, 519–20, 521, 522, 526, 527
infantry charges by, 231
Jackson mourned by, 554
Jackson’s Confederate army commissioning by, 51
Jackson’s death announcement by, 552, 553
Jackson’s promotion by, 393, 489
Jackson’s relationship with, 35–36, 41, 44, 45, 244–45, 263, 270, 271, 367, 375, 388, 448, 509, 512, 517, 525, 528, 529, 530, 544, 545, 546, 550
Jackson’s service under, 336, 338, 339, 348, 349, 352, 354–56, 357, 358–60, 361, 364, 365–66, 367, 371–73, 374–78, 379–80, 381, 382, 386, 387, 388, 392, 393, 398, 399, 407, 437, 448, 473, 503, 525, 529, 530, 544, 545, 546; see also 2nd Corps, Confederate
Jackson’s value to, 560
John Brown’s capture by, 23
Lincoln’s command offer to, 58
Longstreet’s relationship with, 337, 437, 448
Lost Cause movement’s praise of, 572
Mexican-American War service of, 3, 36, 56, 104, 3
37
military reputation of, 3, 47, 48, 337–38
nicknames of, 3, 338
Northern invasion plans of, 46, 336, 411, 447–48, 573; see also Antietam, Battle of; Gettysburg, Battle of; Maryland, Lee’s invasion of
offensive strategy of, 46, 166
peace proposal of, 447
Pope criticized by, 396
postwar life of, 569
pre-Chancellorsville repositioning by, 522
religious faith of, 337, 515
Richmond’s defense by, 1, 5–6, 8–9, 244–45, 268, 312, 327, 335–37, 338–39, 410, 411, 521; see also Seven Days campaign
at Second Manassas Battle, 422, 424, 430, 431, 434, 436, 437, 443–44
Second Manassas plans of, 410–11, 413–14, 416, 417, 429, 431, 432, 434–35, 436, 437, 442, 443–44, 445, 448
Second Manassas victory message of, 446
in Seven Days aftermath, 386, 387, 392, 393
Seven Days success of, 383, 384, 385, 397
tactical brilliance of, 371, 448, 453, 464, 502
at time of Jackson’s wounding, 543
total war tactics of, 46, 354
valley campaign strategy of, 244–45, 246, 268, 271, 301, 312
weapons supply problems of, 196
in winter of 1862–1863, 509, 512, 513, 515, 516, 517
Lee, Rooney, 351
Letcher, John, 30, 35, 36, 38, 45, 188, 189, 190, 195, 196, 553, 555, 574
Letterman, Jonathan, 115, 117, 118
Lewis, Jim, 437, 438, 478–79, 488, 509, 546, 555, 562, 566
Lewis, William C., 479
Lexington, Va.:
African American community in, 156
Civil War preparations in, 13
Civil War’s effect on, 236, 438
Jackson monument in, 133
Jackson mourned in, 556, 557
Jackson’s burial in, 550, 560, 561–62
Jackson’s civic life in, 154, 156–57
Jackson’s home in, 153, 174, 236
Jackson’s reputation in, 111, 135, 136
Lee’s burial in, 569
pre–Civil War, 120–21
see also Virginia Military Institute (VMI)
Lexington Colored Sabbath School, 156–57, 566
Lexington Gazette, 103
Life of Moses (Hunter), 511
Lincoln, Abraham:
April 1861 troop proclamation by, 30, 31
Banks’s planned reinforcement by, 289, 291, 300
Banks’s relationship with, 199
Burnside’s appointment by, 491
Burnside’s Fredericksburg report to, 502
Chancellorsville reaction of, 545