Ariovistus, King ref1
aristocracy see also nobility ref1, ref2
Armenian genocide ref1
armies
British Expeditionary Force ref1, ref2
German ref1, ref2, ref3
Heimwehr ref1
Napoleonic ref1
Prussia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
rifles ref1
Russian Cossacks ref1
United States ref1
Wehrmacht ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Weimar Republic ref1, ref2nclxx
see also Red Army
Arminius (Hermann) ref1, ref2
Arndt, Ernst Moritz ref1
Arnulf von Kärnten, Emperor ref1
art/arts ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 see also cultural heritage
Asquith, Herbert Henry ref1
assimilation
Alsace ref1, ref2
British Isles ref1
Czech Republic ref1, ref2
Czechoslovakia ref1, ref2, ref3
Holy Roman Empire ref1
Jews ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Napoleon I and ref1, ref2
Native Americans ref1, ref2
Poles ref1
Roman Empire ref1, ref2
Teutonic Order and ref1
Attila the Hun ref1
Attlee, Clement ref1, ref2
Auerstedt, battle of ref1
Augsburg ref1nxx, ref2, ref3, ref4
Augustus, Emperor ref1, ref2
Augustus II (the Strong), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania ref1
Auschwitz ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5ncclxxvi
and collective guilt ref1
and German national identity ref1
Gypsies ref1nl
Red Army at ref1
Auschwitz-Birkenau ref1
Aussig (Usti Nad Labem) ref1, ref2ncccxviii
University ref1, ref2
Austerlitz, Battle of ref1
Australia
Aboriginals ref1ncxxvii, ref2
colonisation of ref1
Jewish emigration to ref1
Austria
and Anschluß ref1, ref2
and Catholic Church ref1
and customs union ref1
and Dual Alliance (1879) ref1
economy, post-First World War ref1
and First World War ref1
food shortages, post-Second World War ref1
and France ref1
and German Confederation ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
and German nationalism ref1, ref2
and Holy Roman Empire ref1
independence of ref1, ref2
isolation of ref1
minorities ref1
and Napoleon ref1
and Napoleon I ref1, ref2, ref3
and Nazism ref1nclxxi
neutrality of, post-Second World War ref1ncclxxvii
and partition of Poland ref1
post-Second World War ref1ncclxxvii
Protestant rights ref1
and Prussia ref1
Prussian humiliation of ref1
reform ref1, ref2
Reichtag ref1
religious ‘cleansing’ ref1
and Russia ref1
and self-determination ref1, ref2
and Seven Years War ref1
and South Tirol ref1
territorial losses, post-First World War ref1
and terrorism ref1
and Three Eagle Alliance ref1
and Treaty of Verdun (Wirten) (AD843) ref1
Turkish wars ref1
and united Germany ref1, ref2
and Versailles Peace Conference ref1
and War of Austrian Succession ref1
Wilhelm II and ref1
effects of world wars on ref1
see also Vienna
Austria-Hungary ref1, ref2
creation of ref1
demise of ref1
and First World War ref1, ref2, ref3
industry ref1
minorities in ref1, ref2
post-First World War ref1, ref2
and self-determination ref1
Austro-Prussian war (1866) ref1nliii
authoritarianism ref1
Autobahns ref1
avant-garde culture ref1
Awars ref1
Axis (Anti Comintern Pact) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Aztecs ref1
Baarov, Lida ref1nliii
Babelsberg film studios ref1
Bach, Johann Sebastian ref1
Bach-Zelewski, Erich von ref1
Bad Heresfeld ref1nxxxvi
Bad Hohenburg ref1
Bad Kissengen ref1
Badeni, Kasimir Felix, Graf von ref1
Baiovarii (Bavarians) ref1, ref2
Baisen, Hans von ref1
balance of power ref1, ref2, ref3
Balfour, Arthur ref1
Balfour Declaration ref1
Balkans
Austrian ambitions in ref1
and Eastern Question ref1
Ottoman rule in ref1, ref2
Prussia and ref1
as a sphere of influence ref1nxxvi
Ballin, Albert ref1
Baltic ref1, ref2, ref3nccl
Bamberger, Ludwig ref1
‘Barbaricum’ ref1
Barbarossa, Emperor see Friedrich I Barbarossa, Emperor
Barclay, David E. ref1
Basel Agreements (1436) ref1
Basel, Peace of (1795) ref1
Basques ref1ncxliv
Batavi ref1
Batu the Splendid ref1
Bauer, Otto ref1nclxvii
Bauernkrieg (Peasants’ War) ref1
Bauhaus movement ref1
Baum, L. Frank ref1
Bavaria
communists in ref1, ref2
electors of ref1, ref2, ref3
as a kingdom ref1
Ludwig the German and ref1
right-wing in ref1
and Sudeten Germans ref1
see also Munich
Bavaria, Heinrich, Duke of ref1
Bavarians see Baiovarii
Becher, Joseph ref1
Becherovka (drink) ref1
Beck, Jósef ref1, ref2
Beckmann, Max ref1
Becov nad Teplou see Petschau
Bede ref1
beer ref1
Beethoven, Ludwig van ref1
Beevor, Antony ref1
Behaim, Martin, Erdapfel ref1
Belarus ref1
Belgian Congo ref1
Belgium
African colonies ref1, ref2
establishment of ref1nxxix
Eupen ref1
Eupen Malmedy ref1, ref2
First World War ref1, ref2, ref3
Ludwig the German and ref1
Napoleon III and ref1
origins of ref1
reparations to, post-First World War ref1
Belgrade, siege of (1521) ref1
Belzec ref1
Benedictines ref1, ref2
Benes, Edvard ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9nlxiii, ref10, ref11
Benz. Karl Friedrich ref1
Berchtesgarten ref1
Berg, Alban ref1
Berg, Max ref1
Bergius, Friedrich ref1ncccxv
Bergstein, Mary, Freyschule (Free School) ref1
Beria, Lavrentiy Pavlovich ref1
Berlin
airlift ref1, ref2, ref3
architecture ref1
blockade of ref1
bombing raid on ref1, ref2
Centre Against Expulsions ref1
Chancellery ref1ncciii
Charlottenburg Schloss ref1
Congress of (1878) ref1
culture ref1, ref2
Edict of (1685) ref1
fall of (1945) ref1, ref2
French refugees ref1
as Germania ref1ncciii
Humboldt University ref1
Imp
erial Palace ref1, ref2
Karstadt department store ref1
Landtag ref1
loss of art objects from ref1
malnutrition, post-Second World War ref1
monuments ref1
mortality rate and food shortages, post-Second World War ref1
Olympic Games (1936) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
riots (1953) ref1
‘Rosenthaler Tor’ ref1
as a Socialist Republic (November 1914) ref1
Stadtschloss ref1
surrender of (1945) ref1
Treaty of (1728) ref1
Treaty of (1926) ref1, ref2ncccxx
Berlin Wall, fall of ref1
Beschloss, Michael, The Conquerors ref1
Bessel, Friedrich Wilhelm ref1
Bethmann-Hollweg, Theobald von ref1, ref2
Beveridge, William ref1
Bible ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Bielenberg, Christabel ref1
Biggart, John ref1
Bildung ref1, ref2
bilingualism
Alsace ref1, ref2, ref3
Bohemia ref1
Memelland ref1
Upper Silesia ref1ncccxi
Birkenau see Auschwitz-Birkenau
Bischofteinitz (Domažlice) ref1
Bischofteinitz (Horsovský Týn) ref1
Bismarck, Herbert von ref1, ref2
Bismarck, Prince Otto Edward Leopold von
and Alvensleben Convention ref1
and Anglo-German alliance ref1
and Balkans ref1
character ref1, ref2
and colonies ref1, ref2
and consolidation ref1
defeat of Austrians ref1
as a diplomat ref1, ref2, ref3
family estate ref1nccxliii, ref2, ref3
final years ref1ncxxii
and German unification ref1
and imperialism ref1
and Jews ref1
as a Junker ref1
and Kulturkampf ref1, ref2
and monarchy ref1, ref2, ref3
and North German Federation ref1
and patriotism ref1, ref2
and politics ref1, ref2
and Prussian identity ref1
Realpolitik ref1
and reform ref1
and Reichsfeinde ref1, ref2
as a Russophile ref1ncccxx
and war ref1
Bistritz (Bistrita) ref1nxxx
Black Death ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Black Forest ref1
black markets, post-Second World War ref1
Blackadder Goes Forth ref1
Blackbourn, David ref1
Blatchford, Robert ref1
Bleichröder, Gerson ref1
Blücher, Gebbard Leberecht von ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Blum, Leon ref1
Blumenfeld, Karl ref1nccxiv
Boer Wars ref1, ref2, ref3
Bohemia ref1
agriculture ref1
Allied occupation of, First World War ref1
architecture ref1
cultural symbiosis ref1
demise of ref1
electors of ref1
Estates ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
ethnic cleansing ref1
ethnic diversity ref1
feudalism ref1nxl
foreign invasions of ref1
German communities ref1, ref2
and German Confederation ref1
German language ref1, ref2
as a German Protectorate ref1, ref2
Hindenburg and ref1nliii
and historical amnesia ref1
Hussites ref1, ref2, ref3
identity post Second World War ref1
independence ref1, ref2
industry ref1, ref2, ref3
Jews ref1, ref2, ref3
kings of ref1
multiculturalism ref1
nationalism ref1, ref2
Nazi occupation ref1
nobility ref1
origins of ref1
post-Second World War ref1
self-determination ref1
Social Democratic Movement ref1
and Third Reich ref1, ref2
Thirty Years War ref1
see also Prague
Bohlen, Charles ref1
Böhmerwaldgau ref1
Boleslav V, the Chaste, High Duke of Poland ref1
Bolsheviks ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Bonaparte, Napoleon see Napoleon I
Bonhoeffer, Dietrich ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Bonn
Federal Ministry for Expellees, Refugees and War Victims ref1, ref2
Roman occupation of ref1
Bonnet, Georges ref1
Bor see Haid
Born, Max ref1ncccxv, ref2
Bornholm see Burgundholm
Bosch, Carl ref1, ref2
Bosch, Hieronymus ref1
Boulanger, General George ref1ncxiii
Bouquet, Colonel Henry ref1
Boyes, Roger ref1
Bracher, Karl Dietrich ref1, ref2
Brahms, Johannes ref1
Brandenburg ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Brandenburg-Prussia, House of ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Brandt, Willy, Ostpolitik ref1, ref2
Braniewo see Braunsberg
Brasov see Kronstadt
Bratislava see Pressburg
Braudel, Fernand ref1
Brauersdorf ref1
Braun, Otto ref1
Braunsberg (Braniewo) ref1
Brauschweig ref1
Brecht, Bertolt ref1
Bremen ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Breslau
destruction of ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Elisabeth Church ref1
Herder Institute ref1
historical significance of ref1
Kletschkau Prison ref1
restoration of ref1, ref2, ref3
UNESCO World Heritage Site ref1
as Wroclaw ref1
Breslau, Treaty of (1813) ref1
Breslau University ref1
Brevis Germanie Descripto (A Short Description of Germany) ref1
Briand, Aristide ref1
Brieg (Brzeg) ref1
Britain see Great Britain
Britannia, Roman Province of ref1, ref2
British Empire ref1, ref2nclxxix, ref3 see also Great Britain: colonialism; Great Britain: imperialism
Brockdorff-Rantzau, Ulrich, count von ref1
Brokoff, Ferdinand ref1
Bromberg see Bydgoszcz
Brooks, Mel ref1
Brüning, Heinrich ref1
Brünn (Brno) ref1, ref2
National Congress (1899) ref1
Brüx (Most) ref1
Bryans, James Lonsdale ref1
Brzeg see Brieg
Buchner, Eduard ref1ncccxv
Budapest ref2
Bulgaria ref1, ref2, ref3
Bulge, Battle of the (1945) ref1
Bullitt, William ref1
Bülow, Bernhard von ref1, ref2, ref3
Bund der Vertriebenen (German Expellees Association) ref1, ref2, ref3
Burckhardt, Paul ref1
bureaucracy ref1
burghers ref1
Burgundholm (Bornholm) ref1nvii
Burgundiones (Burgundians) ref1, ref2
Buxhoeveden, Albrecht von ref1, ref2
Bydgoszcz (Bromberg) ref1
Byelorussia ref1, ref2
Byrnes, James ref1
Byzantium ref1 see also Eastern Roman Empire
Caesar, Julius ref1
Calvinism ref1, ref2
Campo Formio, Peace of (1797) ref1
Canada, Jewish emigration to ref1 see also British Commonwealth
Caprivi, Leo von ref1
CARE organisation (Cooperative for American Remittances to Europe) ref1
Carlyle, Thomas ref1
Carolingians ref1
Carr, E. H. ref1
Carthage ref1
cartographers ref1
Casimir III, King of Poland (Casimir the Great) ref1, ref2nxl, ref3, ref4
Casimir IV, King of Poland ref1, ref2
Casino Royale (film) ref1
Catherine II, the Great, Empress of Russia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4ncccxx
Catherine of Aragon, Queen ref1
Catholic Church
and anti-Semitism ref1, ref2
Bismarck and ref1
and Counter-Reformation ref1
and crusades ref1
Czech intolerance of ref1nl
and German language ref1ncccxii, ref2ncccxvi
and Holy Roman Empire ref1
Nazis and ref1nccxxiv Poland ref2
and Protestantism ref1
Spain ref1
Catholics
as enemies of Imperial Germany ref1, ref2
Henry VIII’s persection of ref1nlxxxii
Caucasus, Hitler’s invasion of ref1, ref2, ref3 see also Armenia
Celtis, Konrad ref1
Celts ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4ncxliv
censorship
and German nationalism ref1
Imperial Germany ref1
post-Second World War ref1
Prussia ref1
Centre Party (Zentrum) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Cerný, Frantisek ref1nlxv, ref2
Châlons, battle of ref1
Chamberlain, Houston Stewart ref1, ref2
Chamberlain, Joseph ref1, ref2
Chamberlain, Neville ref1, ref2, ref3
Chancellors
Austria ref1
Holy Roman Empire ref1
Imperial Germany ref1, ref2
Weimar Republic ref1
see also Adenauer, Konrad; Bismarck, Prince Otto Edward Leopold von; Brandt, Willy; Hardenberg, Karl August von; Kohl, Helmut; Merkel, Angela; Schröder, Gerhardt
Charlemagne ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Charlemagne Prize ref1nxi
Charles I, Emperor ref1
Charles II, Emperor (Charles the Bald) ref1
Charles IV, Emperor ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Charles IV, King of France ref1
Charles V, Emperor ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6nlxxi
Charles VI, Emperor ref1, ref2
Charles VI, King of France ref1
Charles X, King of France ref1
Charles X, King of Sweden ref1
Charles Martel, King of the Franks ref1
Charlotte, Princess (daughter of Friedrich Wilhelm III) ref1, ref2ncccxx
Chatti tribe ref1, ref2
Cheb see Eger
Chelmno ref1, ref2
chemical warfare ref1
Cherusci tribe ref1
children
atrocities against, post-Second World War ref1
labour laws, Imperial Germany ref1
Lebensborn-Heime ref1
China
genocide, Second World War ref1
Christian church
anti-Semitism ref1
schism ref1
see also Catholic Church; Protestantism
Christian IV, King of Denmark ref1
Christianity
and anti-Semitism ref1
Arian ref1
Eastern and Western ref1nlxix
Franks and ref1
Holy Roman Emperors and ref1
Orthodox ref1, ref2nlxix
and pagans ref1
Death of a Nation Page 96