BLAIR’S BRITAIN, 1997–2007
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repositioning Labour, 36, 409
Millbank culture, 124
shadow cabinet, 291–2
mixed economy approach, 221
trade union policy, 220
National Executive Committee, 154
National Policy Forum, 156
climate change, 592
New Labour project, 35–6, 40–1
devolution, 490
origins, 216
electoral effect of Iraq War, 47
perceptions of New Labour, 40–7
electoral reform, 111
policymaking, 150, 153
Salisbury Convention, 32–3
post-war economic record, 210–11
Scottish devolution, 145, 493, 497
previous leaders, 4
student finance, 177
role of extra-parliamentary party,
taxation, 443
147, 156
third party position, 145
social justice tradition, 239
university funding, 477, 481
Welsh devolution, 493
Libya, 612
Ladyman, Stephen, 265
Liddle, Roger, 80, 106, 463
Lafontaine, Oskar, 173
life sentences, 312
Lagos, R., 198
Live 8, 553, 570
Lambert Report, 482
Liverpool, Lord, 144
Lamont, Norman, 195, 200, 201
Livingstone, Ken, 62–3, 110, 128, 151,
Lander, Stephen, 328
256, 257, 259, 260, 261–3, 267,
law officers, 300–1
466
Lawrence, Stephen, 356
Lloyd George, David, 3, 12
Lawson, Nigel, 195, 200
local elections, 37, 39, 53, 77, 157
lawyers
local government
Blair and, 292–3
1997–2001, 55–63
immunities, 314
2001–5, 63
increase in numbers, 310–11
2005–7, 73–7
professions, 308–11
beacon council scheme, 59
QCs, 308–9
Best Value regime, 55, 56, 57, 58–9
regulation, 310
bye-laws, 68
training, 309
capital control, 71, 77
Layard, Richard, 220–1, 235
city regions, 74–5
Leadbeater, Charles, 8
community governance, 67–8
Lebanon, 612, 649
elected mayors, 59, 74, 106, 109–10,
legal aid, 304–6
119, 255
legal system
English regions, 63, 64, 71–3, 74–5,
See also criminal justice; judiciary;
106, 111, 116, 178
Justice Ministry; lawyers
environmental charges, 76
civil justice system, 303–4
ethics, 56–7
Constitutional Reform Act 2005,
funding, 60–1, 69–71, 76, 78
293–5
Local Area Agreements, 66
future, 316–17
Local Public Service Agreements, 59,
law officers, 300–1
66
themes, 316
Local Strategic Partnerships, 66–7,
tribunals, 307
75
Leggatt Report, 307
London. See London
Leitch Review, 98, 234
ministerial responsibilities, 55, 73
Lestor, Joan, 553
negligence, 314
Levy, Lord, 159
Neighbourhood Charters, 68
Liberal Democrats
new localism, 64–7
Brent East, 38
objectives, 57–9
local government ( cont. )
European Exchange Mechanism,
pre-1997, 54
36–7
prudential borrowing, 262
European Union, 531, 535, 538, 645
rate capping, 54, 55, 57, 60, 76
foreign policy, 593, 596–7
reforms, 57–9, 111–12
income inequalities, 432
regional development agencies, 55,
law and order, 325, 330
63, 111, 234–5
leadership, 4, 143
unitary councils, 73, 107
legacy, 144, 164, 181, 211
London
local government, 54, 73
bombings, 357, 438, 457, 608
media and, 129, 133
congestion charging, 261–3, 466
Northern Ireland, 510, 512, 513, 515,
local government, 54, 55, 57, 61–3,
516, 520, 645
76–7, 109–10, 145
parliamentary defeats, 27
London Underground, 246–7,
public services, 180
251–61, 271, 272
sleaze, 11, 128, 447
voter turnout, 448
Make Poverty History, 553, 570, 576
Lord Chancellor, 107, 113, 120, 294,
Malaysia, 551
295, 298, 299, 316
Mallon, Seamus, 519, 521, 526–7
Lord Chief Justice, 294, 296
Malta, 536
Lovenduski, Joni, 29
Mandelson, Peter
Low Pay Commission, 228
Blair and youth, 463
Lucas, R. E., 202
Blair loyalist, 162
Luxembourg, 188
centralisation of government, 80
Lyons Inquiry, 70–1, 73, 76, 78, 96,
constitutional reform, 106
272
home loan affair, 125, 334
household name, 445
McCartney, Ian, 154
Labour Party role, 143, 645
McCartney, Robert, 524–5
media management, 149
McDonagh, Margaret, 154
Northern Ireland, 521, 526
Macdonald, Gus, 244, 257
unreliability, 128, 649
Macdonald, Ken, 293
Mansergh, Martin, 512
MacDonald, Ramsay, 167, 172, 222
Marshall, T. H., 239
McDonnell, John, 160
Marx, Karl, 167
McGuiness, Martin, 113, 487, 509, 520,
maternity pay, 416–17, 425
634, 640–1
Matthews, R. C. O., 169
McKenzie, Robert, 147
Mayhew, Patrick, 513, 520
Maclean, David, 119
mayors, 59, 74, 106, 109–10, 119, 255
Maclennan, Robert, 18
Mbeki, Thabo, 563
McMichael, Gary, 513
media
Macmillan, Harold, 162, 164, 168, 182,
See also media management
200, 293
armed forces and, 630
McNally, Lord, 32–3
asylum-seekers, 342, 348–9
Mactaggart, Fiona, 345, 346, 349, 359
Blair departure, 141–2
Major, John
celebrity culture, 463–4
Chancellorship, 200
criminal justice, 334–5
constitutional status quo, 105
devolution, 506
defence, 617, 618
European Union, 529, 636
economic legacy, 223, 645
media studies, 474
migrants, 352, 455, 536
Millennium Dome, 11, 128, 204, 293,
Murdoch press, 10, 126, 130
461, 462
personalisation of politics, 149
Millward, Neil, 225–6
media management
Milosevic, Slobodan, 603, 622, 623,
assessment, 140–2
634, 643
end of honeymoon, 127–
9
minimum wage, 14, 208–9, 218, 408,
growth of communications
410, 416, 641
machinery, 6, 82–3
Mitchell, George, 518, 519, 520
internet, 134–5
Mittal, Lakshmi, 159
Iraq War, 136–8
Mitterrand, François, 173, 174
keeping media on message, 124–7
modernisation mantra, 55, 460
lobby system, 126–7, 138, 139
Molyneaux, James, 513
mediatisation of Blair’s leadership,
monarchy, 460
132–6
Monks, John, 220, 227
obsession with, 123
Montague, Adrian, 257
personal promotion, 149
Moore, Jo, 138, 445
politicisation, 127
moralising, 221, 526
popular shows, 135
Morgan, Rhodri, 151, 493
press partisanship, 129–32
Morris, Bill, 343–4
restructuring, 138–40
Morris, Estelle, 365–6, 369, 470, 476,
scandals, 128
649
spin, 12, 82, 123–4, 138–40, 141,
Morris, John, 300
149, 613
Morrison, Herbert, 9
spin and trust, 444–9
mortgage interest relief, 202
medication, 441–2
Mottram, Richard, 85
Megan’s Law, 334
Mowlam, Mo, 515, 516, 519, 520–1
Members of Parliament
Moynihan, Daniel, 330
backbench rebellion, 25–8, 34,
Mozambique, 559
151–2
Mulgan, Geoff, 10
constituency focus, 24–5
multiculturalism, 457–8
expenses, 24, 119
Murdoch, Rupert, 10, 126, 130
women MPs, 16, 28–30, 153
museums, 461–2
mergers, 215, 279, 310
Museveni, Yuweri, 559
Merkel, Angela, 643, 647, 648
Muslims, 13, 38, 644
Metronet, 260–1
Mexico, 189, 197, 580
National College for School
MG Rover, 276
Leadership, 375
Michael, Alun, 493
National Health Service. See health
Michel, Louis, 559
service
Middle East conflict, 595, 597, 604,
NATO, 595, 607, 608, 617, 620, 625–6,
612, 627, 646, 649
627, 629
Migration Watch, 342
See also Kosovo
Milburn, Alan, 154, 162, 388, 649, 650
neo-liberalism, 144, 158, 168–9, 174,
Miles Report, 193
180, 216, 224, 225, 324, 538
Miliband, David, 74, 162, 363, 372,
Netherlands, 370, 538
376, 650
Network Rail, 249, 250
Millennium Development Goals, 554,
New Deal, 220–1, 223, 410, 416,
561, 566, 568
422
New Local Government Network,
Ormerod, Paul, 11
64–5, 74–5
Oslo Peace Accords, 595, 596
New Right, 324
New Zealand, 189, 195, 197, 399, 490
paedophiles, 334
NICE, 386, 399, 404
Paisley, Ian, 113, 487, 509, 518–19,
Nolan Report, 57
522–25, 634, 640–1, 647
Norris, Steven, 62
Parliamentary sovereignty, 311
Northern Ireland
Part, Anthony, 86
8 May 2007, 113, 487, 509, 634,
participation in politics, 39, 120, 146,
640–1
448, 448–9
Anglo-Irish Agreement, 510, 518
Patten, Chris, 9, 522–3
beginning of peace, 5, 645
Patten, John, 105
Belfast Agreement, 112–13,
peacekeeping, 615
513–22
Peach, Leonard, 298, 351
Blair commitment, 121, 515, 525
Pearce, Nick, 345, 349, 358
Blair position, 516–17
pensions
decommissioning, 520–1, 522, 524,
dividend credits, 202–3
527
Pension Credit, 419–21
Labour manifesto, 107
pensioner poverty, 419–21
police service, 522–3
reform, 203, 647
precursors, 509–13
Pergau Dam, 551
public opinion, 117
Perkins, Anne, 29
right and wrong, 526–8
personalisation of politics, 149
spy ring affair, 514
Persson, Torsten, 498–9, 500, 503
St Andrews negotiations, 113, 523
Peru, 197
success, 112–13, 141, 434, 487, 634,
PFI, 66, 155, 190, 205–7, 211, 253–5,
640–1, 645, 647
379, 389, 391–3, 402–3, 404
Sunningdale Agreement, 519
Philippines, 197
Norton, Philip, 19
Phillips Inquiry, 110, 160
Norway, 188, 197
Phillips of Worth Matravers, Lord, 118,
nuclear energy, 579–80
297
nursery education, 376–7, 412, 425
Phillis Report, 82, 138–40
nutrition, 395–6
Plaid Cymru, 145, 497
Nye, Joseph, 635
planning, 98, 272, 286
Plant, Raymond, 166
O hUiginn, Sean, 511
Plant Report, 106
Oasis, 463
Poguntke, Thomas, 79–80
O’Brien, Mike, 300
Poland, 197, 535, 548
O’Donnell, Gus, 81, 92, 561
police
OECD, 551, 552, 554, 555, 556, 557,
accountability, 329
558
effect on crime trends, 338
Office of the Deputy Prime Minister,
powers, 327–8
83
political parties
OFSTED, 378
falling participation, 448
Oliver, Jamie, 373, 395, 429
funding, 11–12, 106, 110, 119,
ombudsmen, 317
158–60
Ondaatje, Christopher, 159
leadership styles, 143
opinion polls. See public opinion
registration, 110
spectrum, 145–6
policy, 273–4, 276–81
two-party system, 145
record, 236–7, 281–7
poll tax, 54, 61, 489
proportional representation
polls. See public opinion
achievements, 14, 111
pop culture, 463
bias of present system, 52
Popper, Karl, 168
Blair opposition, 115, 145
Porter, Henry, 17
coalition governments, 497–9, 500
Portillo, Michael, 481
demand for reform, 105
post-ideology, 182
devolution, 111, 145, 490, 491, 492,
Potter, Mark, 293
493, 497
Poulter, Tony, 254
European elections, 111, 145, 541
poverty
referendum proposal, 105, 107
childless households, 421–4
public health, 395–6
children, 332, 396, 410–11, 414–18,
public opinion
442
asylum-seekers, 172, 348–9
decrease, 207–9
Blair government, 442–3
international developm
ent and, 559,
Blair opposition period, 436
563
Blair’s personal rating, 436
pensioners, 419–21
British institutions, 460–1
Powell, Jonathan, 80, 81, 518–19,
climate change, 464–7, 575, 585–6
526–7, 650
coalition-building, 9–10
Power Inquiry, 17
crime, 453–5
Prashat, Baroness, 298
economy, 438, 439, 442
Prescott, John
education, 449–50
climate change, 587
euro, 192
Dome decision, 11
foreign policy and defence, 438, 611,
energy policy, 580
625, 632
local government reform, 56
geography of Labour support, 45–6
Lords reform, 116
health service, 47, 389, 450–2, 460–1
ministerial responsibilities, 55
immigration, 438, 455–8
northern base, 487
importance of party leaders, 148
regional government, 73, 111
international comparisons, 440
transport, 241, 243–4, 246–7, 251–3,
Kosovo intervention, 623
256–8, 271
Labour repositioning and, 48–52
Price, Lance, 10
left-wing attitudes, 49–52
Prime Minister’s Office
new centre, 48–52
local government and, 58
perceptions of New Labour, 40–7, 53
media management, 82–3
priorities, 438, 585
political direction from, 6
public services, 443–4, 447–8,
resources, 8
449–58
special advisers, 80–2
social grading, 44–5
Prime Minister’s Strategy Unit, 83–4,
transport, 242–3, 455, 456
90
unemployment, 438, 439
prisons, 11, 337
Public Service Agreements, 91, 95–6,
privacy rights, 312
368, 379, 558, 561
privatisations, 210, 252, 271, 274, 481
public services
productivity
Blair legacy, 648
international comparisons, 282, 287
choice and diversity, 8
public services ( cont. )
ministerial mobility, 204–5
consensus, 4
stature, 162
cuts, 171, 172
Rentoul, John, 99
delivery agenda, 86, 88–91
research and development, 274, 277,
devolution, 178, 500, 502, 505–6,
278, 279
508
Research and Intelligence Unit, 6
early Blair years, 5, 436–8
Respect agenda, 82, 331–2
employment, 286
retirement age, 203
expansion, 180, 641
Reynolds, Albert, 511–13
internet access, 459–60
Richard, Ivor, 116, 121
New Labour approach, 179
Richard Commission, 499
new localism, 65–7
Richelle, Koos, 566
new paradigm, 443
Ricks, Thomas, 606
PFI. See PFI
Riddell, Peter, 534, 540
private v. public delivery, 92, 231,
road pricing, 241, 242, 246, 261–6, 272,