A Kingdom Strange
Page 25
Elizabeth Bonaventure (ship)
Elizabeth (ship)
Ellis, Robert
Ellis, Thomas
England
Bond of Association
Calais and
Catholics and
diplomatic relations with Spain (1584)
hostilities with Spain (1580s)
Irish rebellion
New World (through 1550s)
peace treaty with Spain
plans for American colony
San Juan de Ulúa attack and
Spain/attack on (1589)
strategy against Spain
threats in early 1580s
England/voyages to New World
Gilbert’s first expedition/consequences
Gilbert’s second expedition/consequences
Newfoundland and
See also specific individuals/expeditions; specific settlements
England voyages to New World/first Roanoke expedition (1584)
ceremony claiming land
mineral wealth possibilities
overview
trade plan
voyage
See also specific individuals
England/war against Spain
defeat of Spanish Armada
preparations for
Queen and
shipping prohibitions
victory celebrations
See also specific individuals
Ensenore
Espejo, Antonio de
EssexEarl of (Robert Devereaux)
Eyanoco, chief
Facy, Arthur
Falcon (ship)
Farnese, Alexander. See Parma, Duke of
Fernandes, Simon
background
conflict with White
expertise of
Gilbert and
piracy
Ralegh/colonization plans
first Roanoke expedition (1584)
Roanoke expedition (1585)
skirmish with Indian peoples
Fernandes, Simon/Roanoke Colony (1587)
change in plans
leaving settlers on Roanoke Island
plundering and
returns to England
roles
voyage
Florida/Virginia map (Le Moyne) (fig.)(fig.)
Flurrie, Charles
Fort Caroline, Florida
Huguenot settlers
Spanish attack on
France
Calais
Catholics
New World and
Spain and
Francis ship
French Huguenots
in New World
Philip II/Spanish attacks
Ralegh and
wars of religion
Frobisher, Martin
Fulwood, William
Galleon Dudley (ship)
Galleon Leicester (ship)
Gans, Joachim
Gates, Sir Thomas
Gerrard, Sir Thomas
Gibbes, John
Gilbert, Adrian
Gilbert, Bartholomew
Gilbert, John
Gilbert, Sir Humphrey
background
Catholics and
Cuba/Hispaniola
death
exploring/colonies(fig.)
first expedition/consequences
land grants by
Newfoundland
Northwest Passage map (1576) (fig.)
permission/grant from Queen Elizabeth
plans action against Spain
Queen Elizabeth and
Ralegh and
second expedition/consequences
wars in Ireland
West Indies
Glavin (Glande), Darby
Godspeed (ship)
Golden Hind (ship)
Gonzáles, Vicente
Granganimeo, Secotan chief
apparel of
death
English relations and
first Roanoke expedition (1584) and
Roanoke Island and(fig.)
wives of(fig.)
Great Dismal Swamp
Grenville, Sir Richard
1587 expedition plans
background
New World colonies and
personality
portrait(fig.)
Roanoke relief expedition (1588)
war against Spain
Grenville, Richard/Roanoke expedition (1585)
Aquascocock attacks
exploration(fig.)
Outer Banks navigation and (fig.)
plan
plundering by
reinforcement (1586)
return to England
role(fig.)
Santa Maria de San Vicente
settlement site
Spanish information and
travels to Outer Bank
Grindal, Bishop Edmund
Hakluyt, Richard (lawyer)
background(fig.)
colonization/propaganda
Ralegh and(fig.)
Hakluyt, Richard (younger)
background
colonization/propaganda
on Florida
on Indians/Protestantism
Ralegh and
Hariot, Thomas
background/expertise
Ralegh/colonization and
Roanoke’s natural products
Secotans and
Virginia Company
Hariot, Thomas/first Roanoke expedition (1584)
Algonquian language
Indian peoples
return to England
role
Hariot, Thomas/Roanoke Colony (1585-1586)
reports to Ralegh
role/activities
Harvey, Dyonis
Harvey, Margery
Harvey, Sir James
Hatarask Island
first Roanoke expedition (1584) (fig.)
Roanoke Colony (1585-1586)
Roanoke Colony (1587) and
White’s drawing(fig.)
Hawkins, John
Hawkins, William
Hayes, Edward
Henry, Cardinal (King of Portugal)
Henry III, King (France)
Henry VIII, King (England)
Höchstetter, Gans/Daniel
Hooker, John
Hopewell (ship)
Howard, Lord Charles (fig.)
Howe, George
Hurricanes
Incas
Indian peoples of Ossomocomuck
Algonquian language
ancestors of
conditions in 1584
early explorers and
European diseases
hostilities among Indian peoples
major peoples of
map of(fig.)
first Roanoke expedition (1584) and
social system
See also Algonquian peoples, North Carolina; specific individuals; specific peoples
Indians Dancing (White)(fig.)
Indians Fishing (White)(fig.)
Inns of Court, London
Inuits
Irish rebellion
Iroquoian peoples
description
Chowanocs and
Secotans and
See also specific peoples
James I, King (England)/James VI, King (Scotland)
Jamestown Colony
disease
Indian attacks on
information from Indians
map(fig.)
mineral wealth and
natural resources
passage to Pacific and
provision shortages
search for lost colonists
settlement beginnings
See also Smith, John; Virginia Company of London
John Evangelist (ship)
Johnson, Ben
Johnson, Robert
Jones, Griffin/Jane
Kalicho/wife and child (Nugumuit Inuits)
Kiwasa
(Indian deity)
Land Crab, Pineapple, Flamingo, Flying Fish (White)(fig.)
Lane, Ralph
background
war against Spain
Lane, Ralph/Roanoke Colony (1585-1586)
“Chaunis Temoatan” and
Chesapeake Bay expedition (1585-1586)
Drake’s rescue and
mineral wealth and (fig.)
plundering
reports on
role/activities
site location preference
on soldier settlers
at settlement
Wingina plots against
Lane, William
Lasie, James
Laudonnière, René de
Lawson, John
Carolinas and
Croatoans’ story
Le Moyne, Jacques
background
Fort Caroline and
map of Florida/Virginia(fig.) (fig.)
Ralegh and
Leicester, Earl of (Robert Dudley)
Lion (1585 expedition ship)
Lion (1587 expedition ship)
Little, Robert/Peter
Little John (ship)
London, England
Cheapside(fig.)
companies/guilds
map (1559)(fig.)
population growth (sixteenth century)
trade/commerce growth (sixteenth century)(fig.) (fig.)
view of London Bridge (1616) (fig.)
Mace, Samuel
Machumps
information on lost colonists
Wahunsonacock and
Manco Capac
Mangoaks. See Tuscaroras (“Mangoaks/Mangoags”)
Manteo
1587 voyage
baptism of
birth place
Church of England and
Croatoans and
England and
English/Indians relations
English relations
as information source
as Lord of Roanoke and Dasemunkepeuc
lost colonists and
Roanoke Colony (1587)
Roanoke expedition (1585)
Map of that part of America, A, now called Virginia (White)(fig.) (fig.)(fig.)
Marqués, Pedro Menéndez
English colonists
St. Augustine
Marston, John
Mary, Queen of Scots
background
Elizabeth assassination attempts and
execution/consequences
Mary Spark (ship)
Mattamuskeet, Lake
Medina Sidonia
Menatonon, Chowanoc chief
capture/release of
description
Lane/English and
Roanoke Colony (1587) and
Weapemeocs and
Mendoza, Don Bernardino
Menéndez, Pedro de Avilés
Metackwem(fig.)
Mexico and Spain
Monkey (ship)
Moonlight (ship)
Morales, Pedro
Moratucs
Moseley, Edward
Mosquetal camp, Puerto Rico (fig.)(fig.)
Mosquetal (White)(fig.)
Münster, Sebastian
Namontack
Netherlands
England and
Protestant rebels
as Spanish possession
Neuse peoples
Newfoundland/fishing banks
Newport, Christopher
Jamestown Colony
returns to England
White’s return to Roanoke (1590)
Nichols, John
Norris, John
Northwest Passage(fig.) (fig.)
Nugent, Edward
Nugumuit Inuits
Ocanahonan location (fig.)
Occaneechees
Okisko, Weapemeoc chief
One of the Wives of Wingina (White) (fig.)
Opechancanough, Pamunkey chief
John Smith and
war on Tuscaroras/Chowanocs
Ortelius, Abraham(fig.)
Ossomocomuck
conditions in 1584
territory of
See also Indian peoples of Ossomocomuck
Outer Banks
description
early explorers and
navigation and(fig.)
first Roanoke expedition (1584) (fig.)
shipwrecks
Oviedo, Fernández de
Pakerakanick location (fig.)
Pamlico Sound(fig.)
Pamlicos
Pamunkey people
Panawicke location (fig.)
Paquiquineo (Don Luis)
Parahunt
Parma, Duke of
hostilities with England
Spanish Netherlands and
war against England
Paspaheghs
Payne, Henry/Rose
Peckham, Sir George
Peers, Joan
Pemisapan
See also Wingina, Secotan chief
Peru and Spain
Philip II, King (Spain)
Catholicism/religion and
empire of
England’s colonial plans and
execution of Mary Queen of Scots and
Huguenots and
Netherlands and
pirates and
Portugal/possessions and
See also Spain
Philip II, King (Spain) and war against England
Armada and (fig.)
“enterprise of England” and
strategy
Plat, James
Plymouth Company
Pocoughtronack people
Pomeiooc(fig.)
Pomeiooc (White)(fig.)
Port Ferdinando, North Carolina (fig.)
Portugal
Powell, Anthony
Powell, Edward
Powell, Edward/Winifred
Powell, Nathaniel
Powhatans
alliances/influence
chief
Chowanocs and
English conflict/war
Eyanoco and
killing lost colonists
lands of
regional rivalries and
Tuscaroras and
See also Opechancanough; Pamunkey peoples; Wahunsonacock
Pratt, Roger
Preston, Amias
Primrose (ship)
Protestant Reformation
Protestantism
Netherlands
North America and
Queen Elizabeth
See also Church of England; French Huguenots
Protestantism vs. Catholicism
attack on Fort Caroline
in Europe
in New World
Puritans
1587 settlers
reform movement in England
Ralegh, Walter
background/education
Bess Throckmorton and
birth/family background
description/portrait (fig.)
Durham House, London (fig.)
ejection from Durham House
Essex relations
first Gilbert expedition
French Huguenot cause
Ireland position/lands
Irish rebellion
James I relations
knighting of
personality
privateering
quote by
Richard Hakluyts and
Sir Humphrey Gilbert and
South America/El Dorado
in Tower of London
war against Spain (fig.)
Ralegh, Walter/Roanoke colonies
first expedition (1584)
location of colony
loss of rights/effects
mineral wealth and
promotion of colony
propaganda
Protestantism and
Queen Elizabeth’s grant/rights
scholars/mariners and
trade emphasis
voyage preparation
West Indies privateering plans
See also England voyages to New World/first Roanoke expedition (1584)
Ralegh, Walter/Roanoke Colony (1585-1586)
plan for
reports/information on (fig.)(fig.)
strategy
See also Roanoke expedition (1585)
Ralegh, Walter/1587 Colony
Chesapeake location
City of Ralegh/syndicate (fig.)
as civilian settlement
coat of arms use (fig.)
decision on
early planning
hopes for
loss of interest in
Protestantism and
Puritans and
recruitment of settlers
relief expeditions and
reports of
selecting a leader
voyage plans
Ralegh, Walter/Queen Elizabeth relationship
Ark Ralegh (Royal) (ship)(fig.)
description
Esquire of the Body Extraordinary
hostilities with Spain and
New World colonies and
New World grant/rights
Ralegh and Bess Throckmorton
Ralegh’s ambition for
Ralegh’s gifts/wealth and
Ralegh’s lands in Ireland
regains Queen’s favor
timing and
Ralegh’s ghost ship
Rastell, John
Ribault, Jean
Ritanoe copper mines (fig.)
Roanoke Colony (1585-1586)
abandonment/return to England
composition of settlers
hurricane
men left behind (1586)
mineral wealth and
outcome/costs
preparations for
reinforcements
reports in England
travels to Outer Banks
See also specific individuals
Roanoke Colony (1585- 1586)/Indians
Aquascocock attack
European diseases
killing/capturing Weapemeocs
Pemisapan’s murder
Protestantism and
relations decline
See also specific individuals
Roanoke Colony (1587)
Albemarle Sound
building settlement
Chesapeake Bay and
first births
plans for finding colonists
plans for moving to Chesapeake Bay
Spanish search for
White’s return to England and
See also 1587 settlers; Ralegh, Walter/Roanoke Colony (1587); specific individuals; White, John/ relief expedition (1588); White, John/Roanoke Colony (1587)
Roanoke Colony (1587)/Indians
conversion to Protestantism and
mistaken attack on Croatoans
plots against English
relations
Secotans killing Howe
Roanoke Colony (1587)/lost colonists
Bland’s explorations (1650)
carvings on trees
Chowan River (fig.)
Chowanocs
Croatoan Island/Croatoans (fig.)
descendants of