The Hacking of the American Mind

by Robert H. Lustig

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  22.Nichols DE, “Psychedelics.” Pharmacol. Rev. 68, 264–355 (2016).

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  30.Maclean KA et al., “Mystical Experiences Occasioned by the Hallucinogen Psilocybin Lead to Increases in the Personality Domain of Openness.” J. Psychopharmacol. 25, 1453–61 (2011).

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  33.Buckholtz NS et al. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Administration Selectively Downregulates Serotonin2 Receptors in Rat Brain.” Neuropsychopharmacology 3, 137–48 (1990).

  CHAPTER 9. WHAT YOU EAT IN PRIVATE YOU WEAR IN PUBLIC

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  30.Klöckener T et al., “High-Fat Feeding Promotes Obesity Via Insulin Receptor/PI3K-Dependent Inhibition of SF-1 VMH Neurons.” Nat. Neurosci. 14, 911–8 (2011).

  31.Talbot K et al., “Demonstrated Brain Insulin Resistance in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients Is Associated with IGF-1 Resistance, IRS-1 Dysregulation, and Cognitive Decline.” J. Clin. Invest. 122, 1316–38 (2012).

  32.Cholerton B et al. “Insulin, Cognition, and Dementia.” Eur. J. Pharmacol. 719, 170–9 (2013).

  33.Yau PL et al., “Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome and Functional and Structural Brain Impairments in Adolescence.” Pediatrics 130, E856–E864 (2012).

  34.Lakhan SE et al., “The Emerging Role of Dietary Fructose in Obesity and Cognitive Decline.” Nutr. J. 12, 114 (2013).

  35.Orr ME et al., “Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Hyperactivity Mediates the Detrimental Effects of a High Sucrose Diet on Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology.” Neurobiol. Aging 35, 1233–42 (2014).

  36.Cisternas P et al., “Fructose Consumption Reduces Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity Underlying Cognitive Performance.” Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1852, 2379–90 (2015).

  37.Meng Q et al., “Systems Nutrigenomics Reveals Brain Gene Networks Linking Metabolic and Brain Disorders.” E-Biomedicine (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.04.008

  38.Lakhan SE et al., “The Emerging Role of Dietary Fructose in Obesity and Cognitive Decline.” Nutr. J. 12, 114 (2013).

  39.Seneff S et al., “Nutrition and Alzheimer’s Disease: The Detrimental Role of a High Carbohydrate Diet.” Eur. J. Intern. Med. 22, 134–40 (2011).

  40.Westover AN et al., “A Cross-National Relationship Between Sugar Consumption and Depression?” Dep. Anxiety 16, 118–20 (2002).

  41.Peet M, “International Variations in the Outcome of Schizophrenia and the Prevalence of Depression in Relation to National Dietary Practices: an Ecological Analysis.” Br. J. Psychiatry 184, 404–8 (2004).

  42.Gangwisch JE et al., “High Glycemic Index Diet as a Risk Factor for Depression: Analyses from the Women’s Health Initiative.” Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 102, 454–63 (2015).

  43.Alcock J et al., “Is Eating Behavior Manipulated by the Gastrointestinal Microbiota? Evolutionary Pressures and Potential Mechanisms.” Bioessays 36, 940–9 (2014).

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  48.Vijay-Kumar M et al., “Metabolic Syndrome and Altered Gut Microbiota in Mice Lacking Toll-Like Receptor 5.” Science 328, 228–31 (2010).

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  51.Martinez RC et al., “Scientific Evidence for Health Effects Attributed to the Consumption of Probiotics and Prebiotics: An Update for Current Perspectives and Future Challenges.” Br. J. Nutr. 114, 1993–2015 (2015).

  52.Lyte M, “Microbial Endocrinology: The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis,” in Health and Disease, vol. 817, Lyte M and Cryan JF, eds. Spring, New York (2014), 3–24.

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  55.Agrawal R et al., “Metabolic Syndrome in the Brain: Deficiency in Omega-3-Fatty Acid Exacerbates Dysfunctions in Insulin Receptor Signaling and Cognition.” J. Physiol. 590 (Pt.10), 2485–99 (2012).

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  60.Wood JT et al., “Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation Alters Select Physiological Endocannabinoid-System Metabolites in Brain and Plasma.” J. Lipid Res. 51, 1416–23 (2010).

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  CHAPTER 10. SELF-INFLICTED MISERY: THE DOPAMINE-CORTISOL-SEROTONIN CONNECTION

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  3.Savitz J et al., “5-HT(1A) Receptor Function in Major Depressive Disorder.” Prog. Neurobiol. 88, 17–31 (2009).

  4.Stahl SM, “Mechanism of Action of Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitors. Serotonin Receptors and Pathways Mediate Therapeutic Effects and Side Effects.” J. Affect. Disord. 51, 215–35 (1998).

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