The Burning Time

by Virginia Rounding

  of a more soft … Marcus L. Loane, Pioneers of the Reformation in England, Church Book Room, 1964, p. 159.

  After this I beheld … Revelation 7: 9–17 [Matthew Bible].

  What is this life … John Bradford, Writings, The Religious Tract Society, 1827, p. 420.

  See also:

  A. A. Dudley, ‘The Attitude to the State in Anglican Literature from 1525 to 1550’, Economica 25, 1929, p. 44.

  Duffy, Fires of Faith, pp. 90, 91, 98.

  T. Freeman, ‘Texts, Lies, and Microfilm: Reading and Misreading Foxe’s “Book of Martyrs”‘, The Sixteenth Century Journal 30 (1), 1999, pp. 39–40.

  Thomas S. Freeman, ‘Cardmaker, John (c. 1496–1555)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. http://www.oxforddnb.com.ezproxy2.londonlibrary.co.uk/view/article/4613 [accessed 25 June 2016].

  Thomas Fuller, The History of the Worthies of England, ed. P. Austin Nuttall, Oxford, 1849, Vol. 2, pp. 158–9.

  Loades, The Oxford Martyrs, pp. 128, 175–6.

  D. Andrew Penny, ‘Bradford, John (c. 1510–1555)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. http://www.oxforddnb.com.ezproxy2.londonlibrary.co.uk/view/article/3175 [accessed 30 June 2016].

  Riordan and Ryrie, ‘Stephen Gardiner and the Making of a Protestant Villain’, p. 1056.

  Twelve – ‘I WILL PAY MY VOWS TO THEE, OH SMITHFIELD’

  The bishop’s task … Quoted in R. H. Bainton, ‘The Parable of the Tares as the Proof Text for Religious Liberty to the End of the Sixteenth Century’, Church History 1 (2), 1932, p. 83.

  this Latin service … Bradford, Writings, p. 100.

  My dearly beloved … Ibid., p. 109.

  The 21 day of November … Diary of Henry Machyn, p. 97.

  See also:

  I. R. Bartlett, ‘John Foxe as Hagiographer: The Question Revisited’, The Sixteenth Century Journal 26 (4), 1995, p. 783.

  Duffy, Fires of Faith, pp. 107, 162.

  Ronald H. Fritze, ‘Philpott, John (1515/16–1555)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008. http://www.oxforddnb.com.ezproxy2.londonlibrary.co.uk/view/article/22182 [accessed 30 June 2016].

  D. R. Kelley, ‘Martyrs, Myths, and the Massacre: The Background of St Bartholomew’, The American Historical Review 77 (5), 1972, p. 1328.

  Loades, The Oxford Martyrs, p. 189.

  THIRTEEN – MATTERS OF CONSCIENCE

  with a dozen of scutcheons … Diary of Henry Machyn, p. 164.

  a good and venerable … W. Munk, The roll of the Royal College of Physicians of London, 1861, quoted in Sarah Bakewell, ‘Bartlot, Richard (d. 1556)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. http://www.oxforddnb.com.ezproxy2.londonlibrary.co.uk/view/article/1591 [accessed 30 June 2016].

  the making of the church wall Will of Richard Bartlett, Public Record Office, prob/11/40.

  Salafism focuses … C. Bunzel, ‘From Paper State to Caliphate: The Ideology of the Islamic State’, The Brookings Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World, Analysis Paper No. 19, Brookings, 2015, p. 8.

  Oversimplification: … Retrieved from http://lettertobaghdadi.com/14/english-v14.pdf [accessed 28 November 2015].

  Confident in this role … Bunzel, ‘From Paper State to Caliphate’, p. 11.

  at the burning … Acts of the Privy Council, Vol. V, p. 104.

  a goodly sermon Diary of Henry Machyn, p. 147.

  a principal, deviser … Cobbett’s Complete collection of state trials, ed. T. B. Howell and T. J. Howell, Vol. 1, 1809, p. 892.

  good literature … E. A. Webb, ‘Rectors and their times: Sixteenth century (1544 onwards)’, in The Records of St. Bartholomew’s Priory and St. Bartholomew the Great, West Smithfield: Volume 2 (Oxford, 1921), pp. 298–312. British History Online. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/st-barts-records/vol2/pp298–312 [accessed 15 June 2016].

  old orders and customs Ibid.

  See also:

  Cox, A history of Sir John Deane’s Grammar School, pp. 16–17, 22, 38–9.

  Eamon Duffy, The Stripping of the Altars: Traditional Religion in England c. 1400–c. 1580, Yale University Press, 2005, pp. 543–4.

  Thomas S. Freeman, ‘Green, Bartholomew (1529/30–1556)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. http://www.oxforddnb.com.ezproxy2.londonlibrary.co.uk/view/article/11376 [accessed 30 June 2016].

  Gregory, Salvation at Stake, pp. 92–3.

  Stanford Lehmberg, ‘Throckmorton, Sir Nicholas (1515/16–1571)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008. http://www.oxforddnb.com.ezproxy2.londonlibrary.co.uk/view/article/27394 [accessed 30 June 2016].

  Loades, ‘The English Church during the reign of Mary’, in Reforming Catholicism, pp. 37–8.

  P. M. Took, ‘The Government and the Printing Trade, 1540–1560’, unpublished PhD thesis, University of London, 1978, pp. 279–81.

  Fourteen – CONSTANCY AND CONFLAGRATION

  The martyr in his … Oscar Wilde, De Profundis, Methuen, 1912, pp. 139–40.

  not so learned … John Knox’s History of the Reformation in Scotland, ed. W. C. Dickinson, 1949, Vol. 1, p. 42.

  In all things give thanks St John Chrysostom: ‘Glory to God for all things’. See https://oca.org/saints/lives/2009/11/13/103292–st-john-chrysostom-the-archbishop-of-constantinople [accessed 1 June 2015].

  See also:

  Duffy, Fires of Faith, p. 160.

  Edwards, Mary I, p. 303.

  Richard L. Greaves, ‘Rough, John (c. 1508–1557)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. http://www.oxforddnb.com.ezproxy2.londonlibrary.co.uk/view/article/24167 [accessed 30 June 2016].

  Epilogue – ‘BY THE LIGHT OF BURNING MARTYRS’

  Ô vous, les boutefeux … Retrieved from http://www.projetbrassens.eclipse.co.uk/pages/transmourir.html [accessed 18 March 2016].

  Never, for any reason … George Orwell, 1984, Penguin, 1972 (first published 1949), p. 192.

  All forms of oppression … Retrieved from http://binbayyah.net/english/2014/09/24/fatwa-response-to-isis [accessed 28 November 2015].

  The distinction of martyrs … Adapted from ‘Jihad Today’ by Menahem Milson (published by MEMRI on 21 December 2007). www.discoverthenetworks.org (A Guide to the Political Left) [accessed 27 November 2015].

  The ‘vast reward’ … A. J. Caschetta, ‘Does Islam Have a Role in Suicide Bombings?’, Middle East Quarterly, Summer 2015. http://www.meforum.org/5320/islam-suicide-bombings [accessed 27 November 2015].

  Let those fight … Qur’an 4:74.

  Let us not then fear death … Nicholas Ridley, ‘Farewell Letter from Prison’, in The works of Nicholas Ridley, sometime lord bishop of London, martyr, 1555, ed. H. Christmas, Parker Society, 1843, p. 426.

  carried in a chariot … Nichols, Diary of Henry Machyn, p. 184.

  The 18 day of December … Ibid.

  The act of martyrdom … Gregory, Salvation at Stake, p. 351.

  because men often sin … Zagorin, How the Idea of Religious Toleration Came to the West, p. 136.

  For ecclesiastical and secular … Gregory, Salvation at Stake, p. 346.

  To suggest that the course … Ibid., p. 347.

  have affirmed and declared … See https://www.churchofengland.org/prayer-worship/worship/texts/ordinal/priests.aspx [accessed 18 March 2016].

  Holy Scripture containeth … Book of Common Prayer, p. 613.

  The Church hath power … Ibid., pp. 619–20.

  the Church of Rome … Ibid., p. 619.

  when they be gathered … Ibid., p. 620.

  The condition of Man … Ibid., p. 615.

  We are accounted righteous … Ibid., p. 616.

  cannot put away our sins Ibid.

  godly persons … Ibid., pp. 618–19.

  The Romish Doctrine … Ibid., p. 620.

  It is a thing … Ibid., p. 621.
>
  two Sacraments … Ibid.

  The Sacraments were not … Ibid., p. 622.

  though he did say … Beilin, ed., The Examinations, p. 99.

  The Body of Christ … Book of Common Prayer, p. 623.

  all other Christian men Ibid., p. 625.

  It is not necessary … Ibid.

  open statement See http://www.peter-ould.net/2008/10/17/london-gay-wedding-things-hot-up-in-the-deanery/ [accessed 18 March 2016].

  To the representatives … See http://www.peter-ould.net/2008/10/19/martin-dudley-mishandles-donatism/ [accessed 18 March 2016].

  The point at issue … See http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/2151211/The-Bishops-letter-in-full.html [accessed 18 March 2016].

  blackened as if by fire … E. A. Webb, ‘The resuscitation and second suppression’, in The Records of St. Bartholomew’s Priory and St. Bartholomew the Great, West Smithfield: Volume 1 (Oxford, 1921), pp. 277–88. British History Online. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/st-barts-records/vol1/pp277-288 [accessed 16 July 2016].

  For in the world … John 16:33.

  Bring us, O Lord God … John Donne, ‘Our Last Awakening’, from a sermon preached at Whitehall on 29 February 1628, revised and edited by Eric Milner-White (1884–1964).

  See also:

  Brigden, London and the Reformation, pp. 577–8.

  Kenneth Carleton, ‘Bonner, Edmund (d. 1569)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2006. http://www.oxforddnb.com.ezproxy2.londonlibrary.co.uk/view/article/2850 [accessed 25 June 2016].

  P. R. N. Carter, ‘Rich, Richard, first Baron Rich (1496/7–1567)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. http://www.oxforddnb.com.ezproxy2.londonlibrary.co.uk/view/article/23491 [accessed 25 June 2016].

  Cox, A history of Sir John Deane’s Grammar School, p. 17.

  S. Doran and C. Durston, Princes, Pastors and People: The church and religion in England 1529–1689, Routledge, 1991, p. 146.

  Edwards, Mary I, p. 343.

  Knowles, The Religious Orders in England, p. 441.

  Megivern, ‘Capital Punishment: The Curious History of Its Privileged Place in Christendom’, p. 6.

  Zagorin, How the Idea of Religious Toleration Came to the West, pp. 189–90.

  Please note that some of the links referenced throughout this work are no longer active.

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