The Anarchism
Page 49
↑ Hans-Hermann Hoppe "Argumentation Ethics" Retrieved 6 February 2007
↑ versus free market capitalism (in English), by Wendy McElroy
↑ Lora, Ronald & Longton, Henry. 1999. The Conservative Press in Twentieth-Century America.Greenwood Press. p. 369
↑ Black, Bob. Beneath the Underground. Feral House, 1994. p. 4
↑ Raico, Ralph (2004) Authentic German Liberalism of the 19th Century Ecole Polytechnique, Centre de Recherce in Epistemologie Appliquee, au CNRS Unité associée
↑ Molinari, Gustave de. 1849. Les Soirées de la Rue Saint-Lazare
↑ Rothbard, Murray. Preface. The Production of Security. By Gustave Molinari. 1849, 1977.
↑ Paul, Ellen Frankel et al. 1993. Liberalism and the Economic Order. Cambridge University Press. p.115
↑ Lysander Spooner: Dissident Among Dissidents in Men Against the State of James J. Martin (Colorado Springs, CO: Ralph Myles Publisher, 1970), p. 167-201]
↑ Goodyear, Lucille. Spooner vs. U.S. Postal System . American Legion Magazine, January 1981
↑ lysanderspooner.org Biography, Chapter 5 of The Collected Works of Lysander Spooner , Charles Shively, M & S Press, 1971
↑ a b Miller and Coleman, 1991, 'anarchism', pp.10-14
↑ Vincent, 2009, p.116
↑ Adams, 1995, p. 153
↑ The Individualist Anarchists, p. 276
↑ Watner, Carl. Spooner v. Liberty in The Libertarian Forum . March 1975. Volume VII, No 3.ISSN 0047-4517. pp. 5-6.
↑ "The only human right to land is his strength on it. If their neighbor is stronger than him and has his land, then the land is his neighbor, until the latter is dispossessed by one more strong yet. " Benjamin R.Tucker, "Response to 'Rights,' by William Hansen," Liberty , December 31, 1892, 9, 18, pg. 1
↑ "defense is a service like any other service, it is a labor both useful and desired, so it is a commodity subject to the law of supply and demand in a free market this commodity will be offered at a price of cost, that competition prevails, sponsorship will go to whoever offers the best product at the lowest price, production and sale of this commodity are now monopolized by the state,., and like all state monopoly, charging exorbitant prices " Tucker, Benjamin. "Instead of a Book" (1893)
↑ Tucker, Benjamin. Liberty October 19, 1891
↑ "Taxation: Voluntary or Compulsory". Formulations. Free Nation Foundation. Summer 1995
↑ "Exclusive Interview With Murray Rothbard" The New Banner: A Fortnightly Libertarian Journal. 25 February 1972.
↑ Rothbard, Murray N. LewRockwell.com. Retrieved 10 September 2006.
↑ Tax, drugs and prostitutes themselves
↑ The Public Sector, III: Police, Law, and the Courts, For a New Liberty, (see Law and Justice in the Irish Celtic society), by Murray Rothbard
↑ a b Friedman, David D. (1979) Private Creation and Enforcement of Law: A Historical Case, Retrieved, August 12, 2005
↑ "Pennsylvania's Anarchist Experiment: 1681-1690 by Murray N. Rothbard. " Lewrockwell.com.Accessed on 03-03-2009.
↑ Anderson, Terry L. and Hill, PJ An American Experiment in Anarchist-Capitalism: The Not So Wild, Wild West, The Journal of Libertarian Studies
↑ The Lex Mercatoria has been reborn with globalization
↑ The anarchism is not a form of Capitalism (English) FAQ capitalist
↑ Jeffrey Paul, Fred Dycus Miller. Liberalism and the economic order. Cambridge University Press, 1993, p. 115
↑ See Childs unfinished essay, "Anarchist Illusions," Liberty against Power: Essays by Roy A.Childs, Jr. , ed. Joan Kennedy Taylor (San Francisco: Fox 1994) 179-83.
↑ "Lysander Spooner and Benjamin T. Tucker were unsurpassed as political philosophers and nothing is more necessary today than the revival and development of the great forgotten legacy left to political philosophy there, in the body of thought known as 'Austrian economics', a scientific explanation of the workings of the free market (and the consequences of government intervention in that market) which individualist anarchists could easily incorporate into their political and social worldview. But for this they should throw the useless excess luggage " money-rarism "and reconsider the nature and justification of economic categories of interest income and benefits." Rothbard, Murray. The Spooner-Tucker Doctrine: An Economist's View
↑ Some authors recognize the existence of a "right anarchism" (anarchist-capitalism), as in the case of union Ulrike Heider. Other no liberal author (although not considered anarchist) is Sean Sheehan (Anarchism ), see Indonesia: Anarchist movie screening and Sean M. Sheehan 'Anarchism' Book discussion. Paul Avrich, a major historian of anarchism and regular guest of the Libertarian Book Club anarcocapitalism considered fully part of the anarchist tradition. Geoffrey Ostergaard is a renowned anarchist and pacifist who does too.
↑ Jainendra Jha. 2002. "Anarchism." Encyclopedia of Teaching of Civics and Political Science . p.52. Anmol Publications.
↑ Narveson, Jan. 2008. "Anarchism / Minarchism" p. 103. Ashgate Publishing.
↑ Down with anti-market "anarchists".. "These people are just confused socialist course, I am pleased to be anti-war, however, unless they are pro-market, pro-private property, they have no basis to object the situation, since the state is simply the institutionalized aggression against private property rights body. Oppose State is to support property rights, as opposed to aggression means to oppose the invasion of property. Instead who oppose property rights inevitably support the State or other forms of aggression. " Stephan Kinsella
↑ Anarchism: Two Kinds, by Wendy McElroy
↑ anarchist, by Murray Rothbard
↑ Anarchists and anarchist market: can we live, by Gene Callahan?
↑ William Landes and Richard Posner. "The Private Enforcement of Law." 4 Journal of Legal Studies 1 .
↑ David D. Friedman. "Efficient Institutions for the Private Enforcement of Law." 13 Journal of Legal Studies 379 .
↑ Mike Godwin. "Neal Stephenson's Past, Present, and Future, The author of the Widely Praised Baroque Cycle on science, markets, and post-9/11 America." Reason Magazine , February 2005.
↑ Roblimo. "Neal Stephenson Responds With Wit and Humor." Slashdot , October (year not specified).
Bibliography
Recognizing his anarchist character
As a form of individualist anarchism
Alan and Trombley, Stephen (Eds.) Bullock, The Norton Dictionary of Modern Thought , WW Norton & Company (1999), p. 30
Outhwaite, William. The Blackwell Dictionary of Modern Social Thought , in: Anarchism , p. & Pp 21. 13-14, 2002
Bottomore, Tom. Input: Dictionary of Marxist Thought, Anarchism , p.21 1991.
Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Political Thought, 1991, ISBN 0-631-17944-5, p. 11
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Adams, Ian. Political Ideology Today , Manchester University Press (2002) ISBN 0-7190-6020-6, p. 135
Grant, Moyra. Key Ideas in Politics , Nelson Thomas 2003 ISBN 0-7487-7096-8, p. 91
Heider, Ulrike. Anarchism: Left, Right, and Green , City Lights, 1994. p. Three.
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Avrich, Paul. Anarchist Voices: An Oral History of Anarchism in America, Abridged Paperback Edition (1996), p. 282
Brooks, Frank H. (Ed) (1994) The Individualist Anarchists: An Anthology of Liberty (1881-1908), Transaction Publishers, Preface p. xi
Sheehan, Sean. Anarchism , Reaktion Books, 2004, p. 39
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Tormey, Simon. Anti-Capitalism , One World, 2004, p. 118-119
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Since the resurgence of anarchist-individualism
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As a type of anarchism in general
Sylvan, Richard. Anarchism. A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy , editors Goodin, Robert E. and Pettit, Philip. Blackwell Publishing, 1995, p.231
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Rejecting his anarchist character
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At the other end of the political spectrum,anarchist-capitalism or capitalist anarchism is a political and economic ideology that traces its origin to the American individualist anarchism leaving the labor theory of value traditionalby the laissez faire of Gustave de Molinari and the Austrian school of economics. Researchers and academics have not reached an agreement or consensus on anarchist-capitalism, the views and attitudes vary from total failure within the anarchist ideology, to full recognition as a trend.
The so-called 'New Right' has sought a reduced role for the state in favor of the free market (to use the path set by the Old American Right). Theorists such as Robert Nozick in his book Anarchy, State and Utopia (1974) indicated that the functions of the state (and applicable taxes) should be limited to the provision of law and order. A step further, David Friedman and Murray Rothbard were against any form of state, leaving everything in the hands of free-market capitalism. For Rothbard, one of the lead authors and founders of anarchist-capitalism, taxes are a sophisticated form of theft; as Godwin and Stirner, considers cooperation or collective action as inherently suspicious. In this sense, some authors suggest that this conception of human nature as selfish and competitive rather than cooperative difference libertarianism of classical anarchism.
Rothbard took the meaning libertarianism or libertarianism , intending to differentiate historical anarchism European tradition, because of its bad press in American society. However, Rothbard continued to use the terms anarchist-capitalism anarchy and to define its proposal. Since libertarianism is also contemplated the name market anarchism, which apply to nineteenth-century Americans anarcoindividualists as Spooner and Tucker, distinguishing the philosophical anarchism represented by Godwin and Stirner, and contrasting it to that called socialist anarchism.
These designations have generated a profound rejection from classical anarchism; most of anarchist thought, especially the anarchist denies or does not consider anarchist-capitalism belongs to all movements of anarchism. Their criticisms are based on the possibility of combining challenge anarchism with capitalism, noting that the capitalist utopia of libertarian (liberal anti-state) can not compete with the state. The traditional anarchism capitalism understood as part of the operating system against fighting, and believe that unregulated capitalism anarchist-capitalists reproduce the horrors of the industrial revolution: poverty, exploitation and misery again be the burden of the workers.
Anarchist-capitalists argue that capitalism however actual (free to develop in the absence of monopoly protected by the state forces, including minimum holding liberal libertarians), provides a free and non-exploitative society.For them, their main concern is human freedom, and like all anarchists viewed the state as the main enemy, understand capitalism as benign, blaming the state of all the failures of the same, noting that creates monopolies or reduce the number of producers in many ways, and it is this situation that involves exploitation. In a stateless situation, the only differences of wealth come from differences in talent or application to work, and society is characterized by a spontaneous harmony.
Other important figures in anarchist-capitalism are Lew Rockwell, director of the Ludwig von Mises Institute, Hans-Hermann Hoppe's and economists Bruce Benson; activist Karl Hess, a friend and associate of Rothbard, and Walter Block, whose radical commitment to freedom of contract includes even voluntary slavery. Other institutions that collect anarchist liberals are thought Cato Institute in the United States and the Juan de Mariana Institute in Spain.
Anarchism in culture
Index
1 Background
2 Anarchism in literature
2.1 Literature on anarchism
2.2 Literature related and influential
3 Anarchism in theater
4 Anarchism in the arts
5 Anarchism in film
6 Freedom of knowledge
7 Anarchism in music
8 anarchist Philately
9 References
10 Related readings
Antecedent
Since ancient times there have been people who have embodied by Letter views today describe as anarchistic, have themselves partly inspired many of the pioneers of anarchism and its successors, others have been linked to modern anarchism after the emergence of this. Among the anarchistic writings and writers prior to the emergence of the libertarian movement are the Tao Te Ching of Lao Tzu in ancient China. The writings of the Gnostic Christian Carpocrates (written in the early days of the Christian era) also fall into this line, also the book The voluntary servitude of Étienne de La Boétie wrote in the transition from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance in France. Part of the utopian socialists some influential works for later libertarian thought occur eg The phalanstery of Charles Fourier.
From agricultural and radicalized liberal positions literary production directly influenced the birth of the anarchist movement, here's literary works such as Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift, Thomas Paine's works are located, from the Romantic poetry of William Blake Lord Byron and was influential in British libertarian circles where it was so important to the influence of the literature of William Godwin who later would be recognized by the anarchist Peter Kropotkin as his predecessor. Note the strong influence of the American transcendentalists litertura which Henry D. Thoreau, author of Walden and Civil Disobedience , is fully considered an anarchist.
Vivancos also painters like Courbet and raided include Pissarro painting libertarians aesthetic concepts.
Among other cultural anarchists is to highlight the spread of Esperanto as an international language and the different contributions to the libertarian pedagogy, the most significant event has been the Modern School of Francisco Ferrer.
Anarchism in literature
Literature has played a major role in the dissemination of views, analysis and libertarian proposals, even before the rise of anarchism as philosophy and doctrine and defined as a social movement.
Literature on anarchism
Now after the formation of the anarchist movement spreading through the lyrics or the promotion of reading including the not strictly artistic anarchist literature has been valuable. The number of anarchist periodicals published in the course of history is important.
Writers and philosophers of the nineteenth and twentieth century have also dedicated their pages to anarchism, such as Albert Camus, who wrote the novel The Plague and play Siege , apart from his philosophical works and collaborations in newspapers. Other writers who have not spoken although anarchism in his works, whether they have been part of the movement such as the beatnik poet Allen Ginsberg. Apart from the above, known anarchist writers of Russian descent were Leo Tolstoy, author of classics of world literature, like War and Peace and Anna Karenina , the Irish anarchist Oscar Wilde, French Octave Mirbeau, Franz Kafka and Czech some affinity with Fyodor DostoyevskySoren Kierkegaard (without filing anarchist who declared his enmity to the Church, the State and the superficial life) and unambiguously Jules Verne and Aldous Huxley.
In the field of poetry stands Voltairine of Cleyre, although they could also be considered to Percy Bysshe Shelley, Lord Byron, William Blake, Allen Ginsberg and León Felipe, whose poetry has a high affinity with anarchism. In journalism and testing can include Rafael Barret, author of an extensive and varied work, Manuel González Prada, Rodolfo González Pacheco, Ricardo Mella, Fernando Tarrida Marble and Reclus.El American anarchist geographer Elisha Benjamin Tucker was the first to introduce the work of Friedrich Nietzsche to his country.
Affine and influential literature
George Orwell described the Barcelona of the Spanish Revolution in his book Homage to Catalonia where persecution and repression that were the subject also has POUM militants, allies and comrades in arms of the anarchists. The works of Friedrich Nietzsche have taken place also in the contributions to anarchism. The genre of dystopias has been well received within the anarchist thought such as Brave New World by Aldous Huxley (who self-proclaimed anarchist) or Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, 1984 Orwell among others, that explains the link between cyberpunk ( a contemporary dystopian genre) and anarchism.